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*Edits will be italicized for format and visual purposes as I work with the original article. I will change these when I transfer it for the final draft.
Rudolf Stefan Jan Weigl (2 September 1883 – 11 August 1957) was a
Weigl worked during the during the
Life
Weigl was born in
Later the family moved to
After the outbreak of World War I in 1914 Weigl was drafted into the medical service of the
During the
In 1945 Weigl moved to Kraków, Poland. He was appointed Chair of the General Microbiology Institute of Jagiellonian University, and later Chair of Biology of the Poznań Medical Faculty. Production of the vaccine remained at Kraków for some years until discontinued.
Death and Legacy
Weigl died on 11 August 1957 in the Polish mountain resort of Zakopane.[1]
The Weigl Institute features prominently in Andrzej Żuławski's 1971 film, The Third Part of the Night.
In 2003, a half-century after his death, Professor Weigl was recognized by
Vaccine development
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Weigl_vaccine.jpg/200px-Weigl_vaccine.jpg)
In 1930, following
- Growing healthy lice, for about 12 days;
- Injecting them with typhus;
- Growing them more, for 5 additional days;
- Extracting the lice's midguts and grinding them into a paste (which was the vaccine).
Growing lice meant feeding them blood, the more human the better. At first he tested his method on
The first major application of his vaccine was conducted between 1936 and 1943 by
See also
- Feeder of lice
- List of Poles
- Ludwik Fleck
- Ludwik Hirszfeld, microbiologist, Holocaust survivor
Notes
- ^ a b c Waclaw Szybalski, "The genius of Rudolf Stefan Weigl (1883 – 1957), a Lvovian microbe hunter and breeder" In memoriam. McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI 53705, USA
- ^ T Tansey (2014) Typhus and tyranny, Nature 511(7509), 291.
- ^ Halina Szymanska Ogrodzinska, "Her Story". Recollections
- ^ Rudolf Weigl at Yad Vashem website
- ^ Znak Magazine, "Righteous from Wroclaw". Archived from the original on March 25, 2007. Retrieved 2007-03-25.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) 24.07.2003. - ^ Weigl, at www.lwow.home.pl
Bibliography
- Arthur Allen, The Fantastic Laboratory of Dr. Weigl: How Two Brave Scientists Battled Typhus and Sabotaged the Nazis, Norton, 2014, ISBN 978-0393081015.
External links
- Biography of Weigl (1967) by Stefan Kryński
- Page with many Weigl links and pictures
- Overview of the experiment--Maintenance of human-fed live lice in the laboratory and production of Weigl's exanthematous typhus vaccine (1999) by Wacław Szybalski
- Ann. Acad. Med. Gedan., 1974, 4, 19-51 by Stefan Krynski, Eugeniusz Becla, and Marian Machel
- Bibliography of typhus and Weigl history articles from PubMed
- Nominations for the Nobel Prize between 1930-1939
- News article about receipt of "Righteous Among the Nations of the World" medal for helping Jews during World War II
- Recollections of Halina Szymanska Ogrodzinska, reporting the underground activities of the Weigl Institute
- Pictures of the Weigl Institute and a little history
- How Charles Nicolle of the Pasteur Institute discovered that epidemic typhus is transmitted by lice: reminiscences from my years at the Pasteur Institute in Paris by Ludwik Gross, August 6, 1996
- Scientists Created A Typhus Vaccine In A 'Fantastic Laboratory'. Fresh Air, NPR books author interviews, July 22, 2014.