Vespoidea
| Vespoidea | |
|---|---|
| |
| Dolichovespula maculata, bald-faced hornet
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Infraorder: | Aculeata |
| Superfamily: | Vespoidea |
| Families | |
|
See text | |
Vespoidea is a
superfamily of wasps in the order Hymenoptera. Vespoidea includes wasps with a large variety of lifestyles including eusocial
, social, and solitary habits, predators, scavengers, parasitoids, and some herbivores.
Description
Vespoid wasp females have antennae with 10 flagellomeres, while males have 11 flagellomeres. The edge of the
pronotum reaches or passes the tegula. Many species display some level of sexual dimorphism. Most species have fully developed wings, but some have reduced or absent wings in one or both sexes. As in other Aculeata, only the females are ever capable of stinging.[1]
Phylogenetics and taxonomy
Research based on four
paraphyletic.[2]
A later study in 2013 confirmed the need for revision of high-level relationships, and the pattern of sister-group relationships within the putative Vespoidea largely matched the same basic pattern as the 2008 study. This study also noted a paraphyletic Bradynobaenidae and Tiphiidae.[3]
The extinct family of
Families retained in Vespoidea
- Rhopalosomatidae – rhopalosomatid wasps
- yellow jackets, and relatives
Families represented by Formicoidea
- Formicidae- ants
Families represented by Pompiloidea
- Mutillidae – velvet ants/velvet wasps
- Myrmosidae – myrmosid wasps
- Pompilidae – spider wasps
- Sapygidae – sapygid wasps
Families represented by Scolioidea
- Scoliidae – scoliid wasps
Families represented by Tiphioidea
- Bradynobaenidae – bradynobaenid wasps
- Sierolomorphidae – sierolomorphid wasps
- Tiphiidae – tiphiid wasps
Families represented by Thynnoidea
- Chyphotidae – chyphotid wasps
- Thynnidae – thynnid wasps
References
- )
- S2CID 85905070.
- PMID 24094856.
- S2CID 40555356.
- ^ Grimaldi, D.; Agosti, D.; Carpenter, J. M. (1997). "New and rediscovered primitive ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Cretaceous amber from New Jersey, and their phylogenetic relationships". American Museum Novitates (3208): 1–43.
- ^ Borysenko, L.H. (2017). "Description of a new genus of primitive ants from Canadian amber, with the study of relationships between stem- and crown-group ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Insecta Mundi. 570: 1–57.
External links
Media related to Vespoidea at Wikimedia Commons
