Victory Banner (Soviet Union)

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"Victory Banner" redirects here. For Azerbaijani banner, see Victory Banner (Azerbaijan).
"Banner of Victory #5" was raised just below a statue on the roof of the Reichstag building
The Symbol of Victory Banner (1996–2007) was an alternative to using the historic Victory Banner, until pressure from Red Army veterans caused the original flag to be used again.

The Soviet Banner of Victory (Russian: Знамя Победы, romanized: Znamya Pobedy) was the banner raised by the Red Army soldiers on the Reichstag building in Berlin on 1 May 1945,[1] the day after Adolf Hitler committed suicide. It was raised by three Soviet soldiers: Ukrainian Alexei Berest, Russian Mikhail Yegorov, and Georgian Meliton Kantaria.

The Victory Banner, made under battlefield conditions, is the official symbol of the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany during the Second World War. It is also one of the national treasures of Russia. The Cyrillic inscription reads:[2]

150 стр. ордена Кутузова II ст. идрицк. див. 79 С. К. 3 У. А. 1 Б. Ф.

Translated and with abbreviations changed to their referents, the flag's writing means:

150th Rifle Order of Kutuzov 2nd class Idritsa Division 79th Rifle Corps 3rd Shock Army 1st Belorussian Front

Although this flag was not the only one to be hoisted on the Reichstag, it was the first and only survivor of all the "official" flags specially prepared to be raised there.

According to the Law of the Russian Federation, the Banner of Victory is to be stored forever in a place which provides its safety and public availability.

Origin

The original Victory Banner is saved in the Central Museum of the Armed Forces, Moscow
The original Victory Banner is saved in the Central Museum of the Armed Forces, Moscow

The origin of the banner comes from the report of the commander of the 3rd assault army to the head of political administration of The Red Army about the fight for Reichstag and placing the Victory Banner on it, dated 2 July 1945:

The Commander of the 1st Byelorussian Front Marshal of Soviet Union comrade Zhukov ordered the troops of the 3rd Shock Army to headily enter Berlin, to secure the downtown and Reichstag and to place the Victory Banner on it. <...>

Having defeated the last enemy strongholds the troops of the army entered Berlin at 6:00 o'clock in the evening on the 21st of April 1945. <...>

After seizing the downtown the troops of the 3rd assault army penetrated the neighborhood of the Reichstag at the end of 29 of April 1945..

On the 30th of April with the sunrise they started the massive assault on the Reichstag. <...>

On the 30th of April 1945 at 14:25 (2:25 pm) the soldiers of

Senior Sergeant Syanov's group fought their way to the roof and reached the dome. The courageous warriors - Communist Lieutenant Berest, Komsomol
Member Private Egorov and partyless Junior Sergeant Kantaria have erected a banner, the proud flag of the Soviet Union over the German parliamentary building, a symbol of our Great Victory.

The banner hoisted over the Reichstag, burned and shot through with bullets, flew victoriously over a defeated Berlin. <...>

— Vasily Kuznetsov and Andrei Litvinov, "Chapter III. «Banner above Reichtag»". Russian archive: Second World War: B. 15 (4-5). Fight for Berlin (Red Army in the defeated Germany). Moscow: Terra. 1995.

Status in certain countries

Belarus

By decree of President

Flag of the USSR also holds an equivalent status.[citation needed] In 2011, Russia presented Belarus with one of the official copies of the Victory Banner, being kept at the Belarusian Great Patriotic War Museum.[3]

Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics

Alexander Khodakovsky holding a press conference in front of the Victory Banner

In the self-proclaimed separatist Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic on Victory Day, the Banner of Victory is utilized during military parades. In 2018, the parliaments of the DPR and LPR adopted laws "On the Banner of Victory", which established the status and legal basis for the use of copies of the Banner of Victory in the republics.[4][5][6]

Kazakhstan

On 21 April 2010, in the Hall of Fame of the

Armed Forces of Kazakhstan in Astana.[10] On 23 December 2015, prior to the meeting of the Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu handed over another copy of the Victory Banner to the Kazakh Minister of Defense Imangali Tasmagambetov.[11]

Transnistria

On 21 October 2009, the self-proclaimed separatist

Transnistrian Flag.[12] In 2014, at the Memorial of Glory in Tiraspol
, an official copy of the Victory Banner was handed over to Transnistria from Russia.

Ukraine

On 21 April 2011, the

Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted a law which was signed by President Viktor Yanukovych that established a procedure for the official use of the Victory Banner, specifically at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier and the Monument to the Unknown Sailor. In June of that year, the Constitutional Court of Ukraine found this law unconstitutional.[13][14] On 9 April 2015, the Verkhovna Rada adopted a new law which removed all mention of the Victory Banner.[15]

After the

Soviet nationalism
under president Putin.

Events with the banner

2018 Immortal Regiment participants march with a Soviet Victory Banner in Saint Petersburg
During the 2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade
Video of a waving Victory Banner on Sparrow Hills, Moscow

Military parades

A planned part of the

Kazakh Eli Square by personnel of the Aibyn Presidential Regiment in the Defender of the Fatherland Day parade on 7 May.[18] In 2020, during the first Victory Parade held in Ashgabat, the Banner was brought from Russia to be trooped on the square near the Halk Hakydasy Memorial Complex.[19]

Other uses

On 9 May 2017, the largest copy of the Victory Banner measuring 60 by 25 meters was deployed on

Russian Arctic.[21]

In philately

  • Soviet postcard, 1985
    Soviet postcard, 1985
  • Soviet stamp, 1989
    Soviet stamp, 1989
  • Russian stamp, 2015
    Russian stamp, 2015

See also

References

  1. ^ Федеральный закон от 7 мая 2007 г. № 68-ФЗ «О Знамени Победы» // Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации от 14 мая 2007 г. № 20 ст. 2369 (in Russian)
  2. ^ Донесение командующего 3-й ударной армией начальнику главного политического управления Красной Армии о бое за Рейхстаг и водружении над ним знамени Победы // militera.lib.ru (in Russian)
  3. ^ Россия подарила Беларуси копию знамени Победы Archived 2016-03-26 at the Wayback Machine // belarmy.by
  4. ^ "Парламент ДНР принял закон о Знамени Победы" (in Russian). www.pnp.ru. Retrieved 2019-05-01.
  5. ^ Закон ДНР от 7 декабря 2018 года № 03-IIНС «О Знамени Победы»
  6. ^ "Закон ЛНР от 8 октября 2018 года № 273-II «О Знамени Победы»" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-03. Retrieved 2020-08-16.
  7. ^ В Алматы доставили копию Знамени Победы // q99.it
  8. ^ Знамя Победы: точка или многоточие в истории ВОВ? // www.unikaz.asia
  9. ^ Знамя Победы передано в Национальный архив Казахстана Archived 2016-02-07 at the Wayback Machine // newtimes.kz
  10. ^ Россия передала Казахстану знамя Победы // mirtv.ru
  11. ^ Фарида Шарафутдинова. Российская Федерация передала Казахстану историческую копию Знамени Победы // otyrar.kz
  12. ^ Приднестровье выбрало Знамя Победы государственным символом // lenta.ru
  13. ^ Янукович узаконил знамя Победы // www.lenta.ru
  14. ^ КС Украины признал неконституционным использование красного знамени Победы // www.rg.ru
  15. ^ Про увічнення перемоги над нацизмом у Другій світовій війн… від 09.04.2015 № 315-VIII
  16. ^ Paul P., Murphy (21 April 2022). "World War II Soviet victory flag begins to appear across parts of Russian-occupied Ukraine". CNN. Retrieved 6 May 2022.
  17. ^ "The first victory parade of the year. Victory Parade History: How It Was". Archived from the original on 2021-02-25. Retrieved 2020-06-30.
  18. ^ "Historic Scenes, Retro Military Equipment to be Presented in Victory Parade - The Astana Times". The Astana Times. 2015-04-24. Retrieved 2017-10-20.
  19. ^ "Telephone conversation with President of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov".
  20. ^ Такого мир ещё не видел: В Молдове развернули самое большое Знамя Победы // kp.md
  21. ^ "Military sailors of the Northern fleet will raise the victory Banner over the Arctic | KXAN36 - Austin Daily News".
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