Western Beylik

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Beylik of the West
بايلك الغرب (
Early Modern Period
• Established
1563
1831
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Kingdom of Tlemcen
Oran (department)
Emirate of Mascara
Today part ofAlgeria

The Beylik of the West (in Arabic: bâylik al-gharb) was one of three Beyliks (governorates) of the Regency of Algiers, with the other two being the Beylik of Titteri and the Beylik of Constantine. It was established in 1563, and it was ended during the French conquest.

Geography

The Beylik of the West was the largest one out of the Beyliks of Algiers,

Morocco. Oran and Mers el-Kébir were under Spanish control until 1792, when it was recaptured (with the exception of 1708 to 1732, when the cities were briefly recaptured).[3]

Tlemcen was the most important city followed by Mostaganem and Mascara.[4] Other important towns included Mazouna, Nedroma, Kalaa, Miliana and Oran[1] after its reconquest.

History

Bey's palace in Oran.

After returning from Mostaganem in 1563, after a failed campaign to reconquer Oran and Mers el-Kébir, Hassan Pacha decided to leave a local governorate capable of reinforcing the authority of Algiers, and to fight against the Spanish.[1]

Hassan Pasha designated Bou Khedidja as governor of the province. He re-organized the region, appointing the caïds in the main towns and chose Mazouna in the interior of the country as his residence, he constituted a makhzen of allied tribes, by granting them privileges, and forcing the rebellious tribes to obey.[1] His successor, Souag of Mazouna continued his work. He fought against an uprising led by the marabout Mohamed Ben Ali. The beys Sayah and Saad established their authority over the Berber tribes of Dahra.

Mazouna remained the capital of the Beylik until the end of the 17th century. In 1700,

took Oran from the Spaniards in 1708, which then became his residence, but in 1732 the Spaniard retook the city and Bouchelaghem had to take refuge in Mostaganem.[1] He ruled until 1734, when he died a natural death. In 1748, the Kouloughlis of Tlemcen revolted, albeit the revolt was crushed. In 1754, a new revolt started in the town led by caïd Radjem.[1]

In 1779, Mohamed el Kebir was appointed as Bey of Oran. He reorganized the province and restored order.

Alaouites dynasty after an agreement between the Algerian Bey Muhammad al Kabir and the Moroccan Sultan Sulayman in 1798. Oran became the capital of the province and it was the territorial expansion and the apogee of the Western Beylik.[1] After his death in 1799, his son Othman was designated as Bey. The province was met with new difficulties, mainly revolts instigated by marabouts and the religious brotherhoods of Tidjaniya and Derkawa.[1]

After the

revolutionnaries ideas and independentists against the oppression of colonization which will be the main reasons of Algerian war of Independence which will make the modern Algeria
we know.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Kaddache 1992.
  2. ISBN 9961-922-00-X
    .
  3. ISSN 1952-8108
    . Retrieved 2017-12-22.
  4. ISBN 9782733201459
    .
  5. ^ "Le sépulcre du Bey Bouchelaghem (16?? - 1734) : PATRIMOINE EN PÉRIL". Algerie network Blog (in French). 2015-09-10. Retrieved 2021-03-14.
  • Kaddache, Mahfoud (1992). Algeria during the Ottoman period - L'Algérie durant la période Ottomane.
    ISBN 9961000994
    .

See also
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