Willimantic, Connecticut
Willimantic, Connecticut | |
---|---|
From top to bottom, left to right: The view of the center of Willimantic from former mill | |
Eastern) | |
ZIP Code | 06226[3] |
Area code(s) | 860/959 |
Airport | Windham Airport |
Major highways | |
Website | Official website |
[4][5][6] |
Willimantic is a census-designated place located in Windham, Connecticut. Previously organized as a city and later as a borough, Willimantic is currently one of two tax districts within the Town of Windham. Willimantic is located within Windham County and the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. Known as "Thread City" for the American Thread Company's mills along the Willimantic River, it was a center of the textile industry in the 19th century. Originally incorporated as a city in 1893, it entered a period of decline after the Second World War, culminating in the mill's closure and the city's reabsorption into the town of Windham in the 1980s.
Willimantic was populated by a series of ethnic groups migrating to the city to find work at the mills, originally Western European and French Canadian immigrants, later Eastern Europeans and
History
Willimantic is named for the Willimantic River which passes through it. The word was first attested in English writing as Waramanticut in 1684,[9] and later as Wallamanticuk, Wewemantic and Weammantuck before being standardized as Willimantic.[10] The word is of Algonquian origin, either Mohegan-Pequot or Narragansett. It is commonly translated as "land of the swift running water", but the word more likely means "place near the evergreen swamp".[11] The town of Willimantic, Maine, is named after Willimantic, Connecticut.
The surrounding town of Windham was founded in 1693 on land bequeathed by the Mohegan people. The first settler in what is now Willimantic was Samuel Ashley, who bought property there in 1717.[12] Until it was industrialized, the area was called "Willimantic Falls".[13] The first mill to be established was a picking and carding facility for wool, in 1806. Other mills followed, most notably a series of thread mills starting in 1822.[12] As the city grew, it was incorporated as a borough in 1833.[14] Willimantic became known as "Thread City" for the proliferation of textile mills, primarily thread, along the river.[15]
Willimantic became a city when its charter was revised in 1893. Up to the outbreak of
But hard times followed; American Thread moved to North Carolina in 1985[18] and without it, the town's economy foundered. The city consolidated back into the town in 1983.[19] The poverty rate, at 25.9%, was more than double the state average in 2010.[20]
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the census-designated place (CDP) has a total area of 4.5 square miles (12 km2). 4.4 square miles (11 km2) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) of it (2.23%) is water.[27] The Willimantic River and the Natchaug River converge to form the Shetucket River in southeastern Willimantic. The Hop River also flows into the Willimantic River at the western border.
Willimantic is in part bordered by rivers. Its western border follows the Willimantic River; its eastern border is formed by the Natchuag and Shetucket Rivers. The CDP borders the towns of Coventry, Mansfield, Columbia, and Lebanon. It also borders the CDPs of South Windham (which is in the same town as Willimantic) and Mansfield Center.
Climate
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Record high °F (°C) | 68 (20) |
69 (21) |
83 (28) |
91 (33) |
93 (34) |
95 (35) |
101 (38) |
97 (36) |
97 (36) |
89 (32) |
82 (28) |
73 (23) |
101 (38) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 56.4 (13.6) |
55.2 (12.9) |
64.1 (17.8) |
77.7 (25.4) |
84.1 (28.9) |
87.3 (30.7) |
89.8 (32.1) |
87.8 (31.0) |
84.0 (28.9) |
76.1 (24.5) |
68.2 (20.1) |
59.8 (15.4) |
91.6 (33.1) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 35.0 (1.7) |
37.2 (2.9) |
44.8 (7.1) |
57.0 (13.9) |
67.6 (19.8) |
75.6 (24.2) |
80.5 (26.9) |
79.1 (26.2) |
72.7 (22.6) |
61.3 (16.3) |
50.3 (10.2) |
40.1 (4.5) |
58.4 (14.7) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 26.9 (−2.8) |
28.8 (−1.8) |
36.3 (2.4) |
47.5 (8.6) |
57.7 (14.3) |
66.3 (19.1) |
71.7 (22.1) |
70.0 (21.1) |
63.4 (17.4) |
52.1 (11.2) |
42.1 (5.6) |
32.7 (0.4) |
49.6 (9.8) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 18.8 (−7.3) |
20.4 (−6.4) |
27.8 (−2.3) |
38.0 (3.3) |
47.7 (8.7) |
57.0 (13.9) |
62.8 (17.1) |
60.9 (16.1) |
54.1 (12.3) |
42.9 (6.1) |
34.0 (1.1) |
25.3 (−3.7) |
40.8 (4.9) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | −0.2 (−17.9) |
3.2 (−16.0) |
11.1 (−11.6) |
26.6 (−3.0) |
36.4 (2.4) |
44.9 (7.2) |
53.3 (11.8) |
51.2 (10.7) |
40.3 (4.6) |
29.7 (−1.3) |
20.0 (−6.7) |
9.9 (−12.3) |
−2.1 (−18.9) |
Record low °F (°C) | −19 (−28) |
−20 (−29) |
−6 (−21) |
10 (−12) |
25 (−4) |
35 (2) |
42 (6) |
37 (3) |
26 (−3) |
16 (−9) |
1 (−17) |
−17 (−27) |
−20 (−29) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.65 (93) |
2.99 (76) |
4.38 (111) |
4.23 (107) |
3.73 (95) |
4.52 (115) |
4.01 (102) |
4.30 (109) |
4.48 (114) |
4.58 (116) |
3.90 (99) |
4.50 (114) |
49.27 (1,251) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 8.3 (21) |
14.1 (36) |
6.3 (16) |
1.7 (4.3) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.3 (0.76) |
1.1 (2.8) |
7.2 (18) |
39 (98.86) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 10.2 | 9.0 | 10.2 | 11.3 | 12.7 | 10.9 | 10.5 | 9.5 | 9.0 | 10.6 | 9.1 | 10.4 | 123.4 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 3.8 | 4.0 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 2.1 | 13.5 |
Source 1: NOAA[28] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: National Weather Service[29] |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1880 | 6,608 | — | |
1890 | 8,648 | 30.9% | |
1900 | 8,937 | 3.3% | |
1910 | 11,230 | 25.7% | |
1920 | 12,330 | 9.8% | |
1930 | 12,102 | −1.8% | |
1940 | 12,101 | 0.0% | |
1950 | 13,586 | 12.3% | |
1960 | 13,881 | 2.2% | |
1970 | 14,402 | 3.8% | |
1980 | 14,652 | 1.7% | |
1990 | 14,746 | 0.6% | |
2000 | 15,823 | 7.3% | |
2010 | 17,737 | 12.1% | |
2020 | 18,149 | 2.3% | |
U.S. Decennial Census / Social Explorer Map |
Immigrants of many national origins populated the city. First,
As of the
The racial makeup of the CDP was 66.0%
Of the 5,812 households, just over one third (34.2%) included children under the age of 18, 30.6% were married couples living together, 20.2% had a female householder with no spouse present, and 42.8% were non-families. About 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% of households were one individual aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.21.
In the CDP the population's age distribution was 21.5% under age 18, 31.0% from 18 to 24, 24.8% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.3 males. For every 100 women ages 18 and over, there were 95.8 men.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $37,469, and the median income for a family was $45,254. Males had a median income of $37,111 versus $33,862 for females. The
The Willimantic
Economy
Willimantic's first factory was built in 1822 on Main Street by Charles Lee, followed by the first of the
Major employers include Willimantic Waste Paper Company, which specializes in the collection and recycling of fiber products, scrap metal, and co-mingled plastic refuse,[34] as well as Brand-Rex Corporation, which maintains a manufacturing making specialty wire and cable for commercial and industrial customers.[35] In January 2018, a fire destroyed the Willimantic Waste Paper processing plant, however it was rebuilt and is currently operating.[36][37][38] On July 26, 2021, Casella Waste Systems purchased Willimantic Waste Paper Company.[39]
Points of interest
Willimantic is home to a wealth of Victorian-era architecture.
The Windham Textile and History Museum preserves and presents the history of the neighboring Jillson Mills and the rest of Willimantic during the Industrial Revolution. The Connecticut Eastern Railroad Museum, located where the Columbia Junction Freight Yard was, has a collection of locomotives and rolling stock, as well as a reconstructed six-stall roundhouse.[41]
Willimantic is the home of the
Culture
Willimantic holds a Boom Box Parade every 4 July where, instead of a marching band performing, residents bring
Once a year, the Willimantic Victorian Neighborhood Association offers tours of homes in the Prospect Hill Historic District as part of a "Victorian Days" event.[49]
Starting in 2002, on the third Thursday of each month from May to September, the town holds the Third Thursday Street Fest on Main Street, an arts festival with live music and street vendors. The event is run by Willimantic Renaissance, a local nonprofit organization, and draws about eight thousand attendees.[50]
Education
Willimantic is served by Windham Public Schools,[51] which administers public schools in Willimantic as well as in the rest of Windham. Willimantic itself has a public preschool, the Windham Early Childhood Center,[52] as well as Sweeney Elementary[53] and Natchaug School for primary education, Windham Middle School[54] for middle-school education, and Windham High School[55] for high-school students. Middle-school students can also apply for admission by lottery to the Charles H. Barrows STEM Academy in Windham.[56]
Additionally, Willimantic contains the Arts at the Capitol Theater Performing Arts High School, administered by EASTCONN,[57] and Windham Technical High School, part of the Connecticut Technical High School System. There is also a private Christian school, St. Mary-St. Joseph School, serving Pre-K through eighth grade.[58]
Eastern Connecticut State University, a four-year liberal arts college, is located in Willimantic, as is a satellite campus of Quinebaug Valley Community College.
Government
Before it was re-incorporated into
Willimantic was the county seat of Windham County from 1893 to 1960, when the county system was abolished.[63] The Windham Judicial District building is in downtown Willimantic as well.[64]
Infrastructure
Transportation
Willimantic is served by several state routes:
Public transportation in Willimantic is provided by the Windham Region Transit District, which provides two in-town routes, and three intercity routes to Norwich, Danielson and Storrs.[66] Historically, Willimantic was also served by intercity trolley service: from 1903 to 1936, a line ran southeast to Norwich, and from 1909 to 1926, another ran northwest to Coventry. Both lines ended at the downtown railroad yard, but did not physically connect, as they did not cross the tracks.[67]
In the 19th century, three active rail lines passed through Willimantic: the Central Vermont Railway in 1849, running from New London in the south northward to Vermont, the Hartford, Providence and Fishkill Railroad (later purchased by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad) in 1849, running east-to-west, and finally a line of the New York and New England Railroad, running from Boston in the northeast towards New York via Middletown and New Haven in the southwest, in 1872, which also was acquired by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad. Willimantic was one of only a handful of stops between Boston and New York on the high-speed "White Train" of the 1890s.[68] At its peak, the passenger rail system ran forty trains a day through Willimantic.[69] The NH operated the Nutmeg and several unnamed local trains on an east–west route from Waterbury, through Hartford and Willimantic, and on east to Boston. These rail services ended in 1955 after a bridge was flooded out by Hurricane Diane.[70][71][72][73]
Currently no active passenger rail service stops at Willimantic, though formerly Amtrak's Montrealer stopped at the city from 1991 to 1995.[74][75]
Windham Airport (IJD), a nearby general aviation airport, is the only airport that directly serves the CDP. Bradley International Airport (BDL) in Windsor Locks is the closest commercial airport.
The Airline Trail South crosses the Willimantic River to enter Willimantic on a 2016 built path that ends at Bridge St.[76][77] The Airline Trail North starts on Jackson St. across the street from Jillson Park, the trail then goes through the northeastern part of Willimantic before crossing the Natchuag River to leave the CDP and heading on to Putnam.[76][78] The Hop River Trail enters Willimantic on CT 66 (crossing over the Willimantic River) shortly before departing to follow the river to the Airline Trail, where it ends.[76][78]
Utilities
Electricity and gas service is provided by Eversource. Municipal water and sewer services are provided by Windham Water Works.[79][80]
Healthcare
Media
Willimantic is served by The Chronicle, a local paper founded in 1877 with continuous service since then, which also serves other towns in Eastern Connecticut.
Two commercial radio stations serve the Willimantic area:
Notable people
- William Bonin, serial killer known as the Freeway Killer
- Apathy (birth name Chad Bromley), rapper
- Chris Dodd, senator
- Eileen Farrell, soprano opera and concert singer
- Jennifer Guthrie, actress
- John Manning Hall, lawyer and state legislator
- Skip Holtz, football coach
- Julian Jordan, composer
- Jules Jordan, composer
- James A. Kowalski, clergyman
- John T. Lis, professor of molecular biology and genetics
- Alfred Henry Noel, mayor from 1969 to 1971
- Fred Norris, radio personality
- GULAG prisoner, and victim of Stalinism
- Helen Turner Watson, one of the first African American women to serve in the U.S Navy
- Ethel Paley, nursing home patient advocate
In popular culture
Connecticut State Troubadour Hugh Blumenfeld wrote a "Willimantic Trilogy" of songs about the city from 1990 to 1995: "Thread City", "Main Street Sky", and "How Long".[84]
In 2007, writer-director
In
Notes
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{{cite news}}
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