Świętochłowice

Coordinates: 50°17′31″N 18°55′04″E / 50.29194°N 18.91778°E / 50.29194; 18.91778
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Świętochłowice
Świyntochłowice (Silesian)
Downtown
Downtown
Car plates
SW
Primary airportKatowice Airport
Websitewww.swietochlowice.pl

Świętochłowice (Polish:

Vistula
).

It is situated in the

Upper Silesian-Moravian metropolitan area populated by about 5,294,000 people.[2]
The population of the city is 49,762 (2019).

History

Initially, Świętochłowice was divided into two parts: the older Małe Świętochłowice (Little Świętochłowice) and newer Duże Świętochłowice (Big Świętochłowice), which date back to the 12th and 13th centuries, respectively.

Poland and remained under the rule of the Piast dynasty until 1532, as part of the duchies of Bytom and Opole, before passing to the Kingdom of Bohemia.[4] The village received Magdeburg rights at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. Until the end of the 17th century, the village of Świętochłowice was owned by the families of Świętochłowski, Paczyński, Kamieński, Rotter, Skall, Myszkowski and Guznar.[3]

Pre-war Silesian Insurgent Monument, destroyed by the Germans during the occupation of Poland

In 1742 the settlement was annexed by

city rights with effect from January 1, 1940, however, due to outbreak of World War II, the actual implementation of this law did not take place until 1947.[3][4]

In early September 1939, during the German invasion of Poland which started World War II, Świętochłowice was the site of Polish defense, also by the civilian population. Already on September 3–4, 1939, Wehrmacht and Freikorps troops murdered 10 Poles in Świętochłowice (see Nazi crimes against the Polish nation).[5] Afterwards, the town was occupied by Germany. In 1943, the Germans established the Eintrachthütte concentration camp, a forced labour subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp.[6] In early 1945 it was occupied by the Soviets, who established the Zgoda labour camp.

After the war, Świętochłowice once again restored to Poland. In 1951 its city limits were extended with Chropaczów and Lipiny becoming new districts.[3]

Location

Świętochłowice within the Metropolis GZM.

Świętochłowice is situated in the middle of a highly populated area of Upper Silesia and is part of the Metropolis GZM, the largest urban center in Poland and one of the largest in Europe.

Population

Currently (2013) Świętochłowice has about 53,000 inhabitants and is thus the city county with the highest population density in Poland. The population of the entire urban area is about 3.5 million.

Climate and soil

Świętochłowice is situated in Silesian-Krakowian climate-zone. The annual precipitation totals to about 700 mm (28 in). The wettest month is July and the driest February. The average temperature is approximately −2.5 °C (27 °F) in January and 18 °C (64 °F) in July.

Brunate and swamp soils predominate in Świętochłowice.

Districts

Subdivisions of Świętochłowice.

Świętochłowice has five administrative subdivisions:

Sights

The Silesian Uprisings Museum [pl], devoted to the history of the Silesian Uprisings (1919–1921), is located in Świętochłowice. In addition, the city has historical industrial architecture, town halls, churches, tenement houses and familoks.

  • Silesian Uprisings Museum
    Silesian Uprisings Museum
  • Town Hall
    Town Hall
  • Church of St. John the Baptist
    Church of St. John the Baptist
  • Former mine and steelwork headquarters
    Former mine and steelwork headquarters

Sport

The most popular sport in Świętochłowice is motorcycle speedway. The Skałka Stadium is located in the Centrum.

Sport clubs

Sportspeople of Świętochłowice in Olympic Games

Teodor Peterek
Gerda Bryłka

Politics

The President of Świętochłowice is Daniel Beger. He was elected in 2018.

Notable people

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland

Świętochłowice is twinned with:[7]

References

  1. ^ "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. 2019-10-15. Retrieved 2020-02-14.
  2. European Spatial Planning Observation Network (ESPON) "Project 1.4.3". Archived from the original
    on 2009-07-28. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Iwona Szopa. "Jak powstały Świętochłowice?". UM Świętochłowice (in Polish). Retrieved 9 February 2020.
  4. ^ a b c Miejska strategia rozwiązywania problemów społecznych Świętochłowic na lata: 2006–2015, Świętochłowice 2005, p. 13 (in Polish)
  5. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 135.
  6. ^ "Eintrachthütte". Memorial and Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  7. ^ "Miasta partnerskie". swietochlowice.pl (in Polish). Świętochłowice. Retrieved 2020-03-11.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Świętochłowice.
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