1944 in Romania
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Events from the year 1944 in Romania. The year was dominated by the
Romanian troops and the Battle of Romania. King Michael led a coup d'état during the year and Romania left the Axis powers and joined the Allies
. The Romanian army subsequently won victories against German and Hungarian troops.
Incumbents
- Prime Minister:
- Ion Antonescu (until 23 August).[2]
- Constantin Sănătescu (23 August to 5 December).[3]
- Nicolae Rădescu (from 7 December).[4]
Events
- 29 January – Romania surrenders the Transnistria Governorate to advancing Soviet troops.[5]
- 5 March – The Uman–Botoșani offensive commences, which lasts until 17 April and ends with a Soviet victory against the Romanian and German Armies.[6]
- 2 April – Soviet forces cross the Prut and entered Romania, initiating the Battle of Romania.[7]
- 4 April – Aircraft of the Royal Air Force and United States Army Air Forces commence the first of what will be seventeen aerial bombardments of Bucharest, ultimately killing 5,524 inhabitants, injuring 3,373, and leaving 47,974 homeless.[8]
- 8 April – The First Jassy–Kishinev offensive starts as Soviet troops advance on Târgu Frumos.[9]
- 9 April – The First Battle of Târgu Frumos commences between Romanian and Soviet forces.[10]
- 7 May – The Second Battle of Târgu Frumos closes with Romanian and German forces holding out against the advancing Soviet troops.[11]
- 12 May – The minelayer Amiral Murgescu is the last Axis warship to leave Crimea, finishing the Crimean offensive.[12]
- 23 August – King Michael and opposition allies launch a coup d'état, leading to Romania switching allegiance from the Axis to Allies.[13]
- 25 August – Romania declares war on Germany.[14]
- 31 August – The Romanian Army defeat the last German troops in Romania.[15]
- 5 September – Romanian and Soviet forces attack the Hungarian soldiers supported by the German Army in the Battle of Turda. Fighting lasts until 5 October and, although the Allied forces are initially repulsed, the battle ends with the retreat of the remainder of the Axis soldiers.[16]
- 12 September – Romania signs an armistice with the Allies.[17]
- 25 October – Romanian and Soviet troops retake the last section of Northern Transylvania from Hungarian troops in the Battle of Carei.[18]
Births
- 11 February – Dumitru Velea, equestrian.[19]
- 26 May – Constantin Niculescu, boxer.[20]
- 4 June – Ion Bașa, ice hockey player.[21]
- 14 June – Viorel P. Barbu, mathematician and member of the Romanian Academy.[22]
- 22 September – Ana Derșidan-Ene-Pascu, medal-winning fencer at the 1968 and 1972 Summer Olympics, and President of the Romanian Fencing Federation (died 2022).[23]
- 28 October – Ileana Enculescu, volleyball player.[24]
Deaths
- 26 January – Smaranda Gheorghiu, poet, novelist, essayist, playwright, educator, feminist and traveler (born 1857).[25]
- 9 March – Grigore Antipa, biologist (born 1867).[26]
- 3 April – Octav Băncilă, realist painter and left-wing activist (born 1872).[27]
- 4 August – Francisc Rainer, pathologist, physiologist, and anthropologist (born 1874).[28]
- 11 August – Ion Minulescu, avant-garde poet, novelist, and short story writer (born 1881).[29]
- 15 August – Ștefania Mărăcineanu, physicist (born 1882).[30]
- 18 August – Alexandru Șerbănescu, fighter pilot and flying ace in World War II (born 1912).[31]
- 13 September – Grigore Bălan, brigadier general during World War II, killed in action at the Battle of Turda (born 1896).
- 14 September – Paul-Mihu Sadoveanu, novelist and soldier, killed in action at the Battle of Turda (born 1920).
- 17 October – Eva Heyman, Romanian-born victim of the Holocaust (born 1931).[32]
- 17 November – Magda Isanos, poet (born 1916).[33]
- Date unknown – Alexandrina Cantacuzino, political activist, philanthropist and diplomat (born 1867).[34][35]
References
- ISBN 978-9-73450-441-1.
- ISBN 978-0-20369-507-4.
- OCLC 977778092.
- ISSN 0018-2648.
- ISBN 978-0-19872-346-2.
- ISBN 978-0-70061-465-3.
- ISBN 978-0-30435-309-5.
- ^ "Bombardarea Bucureștilor în '44: mii de morți și sute de clădiri făcute praf" [The bombing of Bucharest in '44: thousands killed and hundreds of buildings destroyed]. Adevărul (in Romanian). February 22, 2011. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
- ISBN 978-1-61069-031-7.
- ISBN 978-0-7006-1465-3.
- ISBN 978-1-61200-732-8.
- ISBN 978-9-73995-447-1.
- ^ Tomiuc, Eugen (May 6, 2005). "World War II – 60 Years After: Former Romanian Monarch Remembers Decision To Switch Sides". Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty.
- ISBN 978-0-58506-470-3.
- ISBN 978-1-85409-267-0.
- ISBN 978-1-91217-449-2.
- ^ "Armistice Negotiations and Soviet Occupation". Country Studies: Romania. US Library of Congress.
- ^ "Ziua Armatei 2019 – 75 de ani de la bătălia de la Carei" [Army Day 2019: 75 years Since the Battle of Carei] (in Romanian). Radio România Actualități. 24 October 2019. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Dumitru Velea". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Constantin Niculescu". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Ion Bașa Olympic Results". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
- ISBN 978-973-109-214-0.
- ^ Dușmănescu, Oana (10 December 2014). "Interviu: "Cînd faci un sport de drag, nici nu îți dai seama ce sacrifici"" [Interview: "When you do a favorite sport, you don't even realize what sacrifices you are making"]. Gazeta Sporturilor (in Romanian).
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Ileana Enculescu Olympic Results". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
- OCLC 26162361.
- ^ "Grigore Antipa (1867-1944) - Author - Resources from the BnF", data.bnf.fr, archived from the original on 3 April 2019, retrieved 3 February 2022
- ISBN 978-9-73280-177-2.
- ^ Riga, Ilie Th.; Călin, Gheorghe (1966). Dr. Fr. I. Rainer (in Romanian). Bucharest: Editura Științifică. p. 101.
- OCLC 6434366.
- ISBN 978-0-415-92040-7.
- ISBN 1-84176-535-X.
- ISBN 9781474713535.
- ISBN 978-9-73697-758-9.
- ISBN 978-9-63732-639-4.
- ISBN 978-9-73836-983-2.