2006 Kiholo Bay earthquake

Coordinates: 19°52′37″N 155°56′06″W / 19.877°N 155.935°W / 19.877; -155.935
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

2006 Kīholo Bay earthquake
Hawaii Standard Time
Magnitude6.7 Md[1]
Depth38.2 kilometers (24 mi)[1]
Epicenter19°52′37″N 155°56′06″W / 19.877°N 155.935°W / 19.877; -155.935[1]
TypeOblique-normal[2]
Areas affectedHawaii, United States
Max. intensityMMI VIII (Severe)
TsunamiYes
Aftershocks6.1 Mw Oct 15 at 17:14 UTC[1]
CasualtiesSeveral injured[2][3]

The 2006 Kīholo Bay earthquake occurred on October 15 at 07:07:49 local time with a

Kona Airport, at a depth of 38.2 km (23.7 mi). It produced several aftershocks, including one that measured a magnitude of 6.1 seven minutes after the main shock. The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center measured a nondestructive tsunami of 4 in (100 mm) on the coast of the Big Island.[4]

Tectonic setting

The island of Hawaii is affected by earthquakes related to three main causes. Some are associated with the

focal depths as deep as 60 km (37 mi).[5]

Earthquake

The earthquake had a

reverse faulting. The depth and mechanism are consistent with tangential compression above the neutral surface.[5]

Modified Mercalli Intensities were VII–VIII (Very strong–Severe) on the western side of the island of Hawaii, and VI (Strong) on the eastern side of Maui. Intensity V (Moderate) shaking was felt all the way to Oʻahu, where patches of moderate damage were reported.[6] The earthquake caused property damage, injuries, landslides, power outages, and airport delays and closures.[4] Governor Linda Lingle issued a disaster declaration for the entire state.[7][8]

Damage

USGS ShakeMap for the event

The most severe damage caused by the earthquake was focused on the north and western sides of the island of Hawaii. Damage was also quite heavy on the eastern side of Maui, and minor damage spread all the way out to western Oʻahu, 170 miles (270 km) away from the earthquake's epicenter. On the

red-tagged by officials. Almost all houses in west Hawaii reported extensive internal damage but most avoided significant structural damage, the reason being that most of the buildings in the area around the epicenter of the earthquake have been built in the last few decades and are well constructed. Even so, over $200 million in damage occurred.[9]

The largest and most luxurious hotels on the Island of Hawaii also happened to be clustered within ten miles (16 km) of the earthquake's epicenter along the Kohala coast. The 1965 Mauna Kea Beach Hotel had its entire south end collapse, and the hotel's top floor was considered "destroyed." The hotel closed on December 1 after a month-long inspection revealed that the building was unsafe and in danger of collapse. After a $150 million renovation, the hotel had a soft reopening on December 20, 2008, and officially reopened in March 2009.[10] The Hapuna Beach Prince Hotel was temporarily evacuated after the earthquake due to structural damage, broken glass and flooding caused by broken water pipes. The Surety Kohala Corporation assessed the structural integrity to their Kohala Ditch, which functioned as a tourist attraction for 10 years.

Many roads and bridges collapsed or had deep cracks, and clean-up crews had to work for days to remove debris from the countless landslides. Many landmarks on the island were greatly affected. The Kalahikiola Congregational Church in

Captain James Cook, was swept over by massive landslides that caused the entire bay and its surrounding areas to momentarily disappear in a thick cloud of brown dust.[12]

Cliff falling in Waipio Valley during the earthquake

Mauna Kea Observatory

During the earthquake and aftershocks, a number of the telescopes at the Mauna Kea Observatories sustained minor damage, primarily Kecks 1 and 2 at the W. M. Keck Observatory, and the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT).[13] The CFHT was operational and back online as of October 19,[14] but the Kecks were not restored to full operation until February 28, 2007.[15]

Blackouts

Power plants on Maui and the Big Island automatically shut off power to prevent damage, and generators tripped on Oahu, causing overloads in the electrical grid.

Laie and Kahuku was not restored until 3 am. In Honolulu and Kahe, HECO generators shut down, and other generators tried to compensate, resulting in uneven loads on Oahu's electrical network and causing the system to shut down to prevent damage.[17]

Images

  • Keokea Beach Park pavilion
    Keokea Beach Park pavilion
  • Hulihee Palace South wall, January 2007
    Hulihee Palace South wall, January 2007
  • Earthquake damage at the Hulihee Palace in January 2007
    Earthquake damage at the
    Hulihee Palace
    in January 2007

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2006 Hawaii earthquake.

References

  1. ^ a b c d "M 6.7 - Hawaii region, Hawaii". USGS. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  2. ^ a b USGS (September 4, 2009), PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog, Version 2008_06.1, United States Geological Survey, archived from the original on March 13, 2020
  3. ^ "Hawaiian: 'We were rocking and rolling'". CNN. October 15, 2006. Archived from the original on February 20, 2007. Retrieved October 5, 2007.
  4. ^ a b "Strong Quake Rocks Hawaii". Local News. Maui Weekly. October 19, 2006. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved October 5, 2007.
  5. ^
    doi:10.1002/2015JB012746
    .
  6. ^ "USGS Community Internet Intensity Maps". USGS. October 15, 2007. Archived from the original on October 5, 2007. Retrieved October 5, 2007.
  7. ^ "Disaster declared as quake hits Hawaii". China Daily. Associated Press. October 16, 2006. Archived from the original on June 23, 2013. Retrieved January 26, 2013.
  8. ^ "Hawaiian historic site damaged, but blessed". Hawaii travel. Associated Press. October 24, 2006. Retrieved October 5, 2007.
  9. ^ "Hawaii County Cuts Red Tape for Big Island Repairs". Associated Press. October 27, 2006. Retrieved October 5, 2007.
  10. ^ Paiva, Derek (November 17, 2008). "Mauna Kea Beach Hotel announces new reopening date". Hawaii Magazine. Retrieved February 25, 2019.
  11. ^ Hawaiian Historic Site Damaged..., Associated Press, accessed November 3, 2006
  12. ^ Continuing Landslides lead to closures and Kealakekua Bay Archived April 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Associated Press, accessed November 3, 2006
  13. ^ McAvoy, Audrey (October 19, 2006). "Hawaii quake damages special telescopes". The Washington Post.
  14. ^ "15 October 2006 Earthquake Aftermath at CFHT". University of Hawaiʻi. January 11, 2007. Retrieved October 5, 2007.
  15. ^ "Earthquake Update from W. M. Keck Observatory". W. M. Keck Observatory. February 28, 2007. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved October 5, 2007.
  16. ^ Reyes, B.J. (October 16, 2006). "Outages hit Oahu hardest". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived from the original on November 14, 2007. Retrieved October 5, 2007.
  17. ^ Reyes, B.J. (October 17, 2006). "Outage stirs anger". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived from the original on December 2, 2007. Retrieved October 5, 2007.

Sources

External links

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