2008 amendments to the Constitution of Russia

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The amendments of 2008, which were proposed in November 2008 and came into force on 31 December 2008, were the first substantial amendments to the Constitution of Russia of 1993.[1][2] The amendments extended the terms of the President of Russia and the State Duma from four to six and five years.

Earlier only minor adjustments concerning the naming of the federal subjects or their merging were made, which require a much simpler procedure.

History

Annual Address
to the Federal Assembly

President

Federal Assembly on 5 November 2008:[3]

[W]e should increase the constitutional mandates of the President and State Duma to six and five years respectively.

These issues have been raised repeatedly since the 1990s. Discussions on these subjects have gone on for a long time. Many have made reference to history, which abounds with examples of democratic countries changing the terms and mandates of their state bodies.

I will not list all of these examples. These cases are well known. What I want to say is that we are not talking about constitutional reform but about adjustments to the Constitution, about adjustments that are important but are nonetheless no more than clarifications and do not change the political and legal essence of the current institutions. These adjustments provide rather an additional resource for the institutions' stable work. There is no place for a 'reforming itch' with regard to the Constitution. The Constitution is effective, it works, and its basic provisions should remain unchanged for many years to come. Civic rights and freedoms, the nation’s sovereignty, the state system and federal organisation, the organisation principles of the judicial system and local self-government, and the other foundations of our constitutional order have been set for a long-term historical period. As the guarantor of the Constitution, I will preserve and protect these fundamental provisions.[4]

The change doesn't apply retroactively and shouldn't affect the current terms of the President and the State Duma and will take effect for the next time.

Federation Council, the upper house, and come into force as they have passed the Regional legislatures of no less than two-thirds of the 83 federal subjects
.

The President formally submitted the bill to the State Duma on 11 November.

Fair Russia all supported the bill.[9] Viktor Ilyukhin
, a Communist legislator, commented during discussions in the State Duma on 14 November:

Why are we in such a hurry? A strict authoritarian regime has already been established in this country. There is already an unprecedented concentration of power in one person's hands.[6]

The fractured opposition outside the parliament also condemned the proposed changes to the constitution.[10] On 26 November the Federation Council approved the bill with 144 votes in favor and one against.[11]

VTsIOM on 15–16 November showed 56% support of a longer presidency and extended term of parliament among the Russians. The support, however, was lower in big cities.[9][14][15]

By 18 December the

signed them into law. The amendments were published in Rossiyskaya Gazeta
and hence came into force on 31 December 2008.

References

  1. ^ a b Blomfield, Adrian (6 November 2008). "Vladimir Putin could reclaim Russian presidency within months". The Daily Telegraph. London.
  2. ^ a b David Nowak. Putin's return? Russian parliament may allow it[permanent dead link], Associated Press, 6 November 2008.[dead link]
  3. ^ Steve Gutterman and Vladimir Isachenkov. Medvedev: Russia to deploy missiles near Poland[permanent dead link], Associated Press, 5 November 2008.[dead link]
  4. ^ Dmitry Medvedev. Address to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation Archived 31 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine, 5 November, 2008.
  5. ^ a b State Duma Voted for President’s Term Extension Archived 7 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Kommersant, 19 November 2008.
  6. ^ a b c Barry, Ellen (15 November 2008). "Bill to Extend Russian President's Term Advances". The New York Times.
  7. ^ "Электронная регистрационная карта на законопроект № 124578-5: Закон Российской Федерации о поправке к Конституции Российской Федерации "Об изменении срока полномочий Президента Российской Федерации и Государственной Думы"". Archived from the original on 4 September 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
  8. ^ Longer Term Passes Final Duma Hurdle Archived 7 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Kommersant, 21 November 2008.
  9. ^ a b c Harding, Luke (21 November 2008). "Russian MPs vote to extend presidential term". The Guardian. London.
  10. ^ Pan, Philip P. (28 November 2008). "Putin's Intentions Debated After Shift on 4-Year Term". The Washington Post.
  11. ^ "Russian senators nod through extended presidency". Reuters. 26 November 2008.
  12. ^ Yulia Latynina. Making a Jester Out of Medvedev. The Moscow Times, 19 November 2008.
  13. ^ a b Мария Цветкова, Надежда Иваницкая, Ирина Резник, Наталья Костенко. Шесть лет Путину. Ведомости, №210 (2232), 6 November 2008.
  14. ^ Half of Russians Support Extension of Presidential Term Archived 7 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Kommersant, 21 November 2008.
  15. ^ Поправки в Конституцию: две трети россиян – за! Archived 18 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine. ВЦИОМ. Пресс-выпуск №1100. 21 November 2008.
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