Additive color
Additive color or additive mixing is a property of a color model that predicts the appearance of colors made by coincident component lights, i.e. the perceived color can be predicted by summing the numeric representations of the component colors.[1] Modern formulations of Grassmann's laws[2] describe the additivity in the color perception of light mixtures in terms of algebraic equations. Additive color predicts perception and not any sort of change in the photons of light themselves. These predictions are only applicable in the limited scope of color matching experiments where viewers match small patches of uniform color isolated against a gray or black background.
Additive color models are applied in the design and testing of electronic displays that are used to render realistic images containing diverse sets of color using
Additive color, alone, does not predict the appearance of mixtures of printed color inks, dye layers in color photographs on film, or paint mixtures. Instead, subtractive color is used to model the appearance of pigments or dyes, such as those in paints, inks.
The combination of two of the common three additive primary colors in equal proportions produces an additive secondary color—cyan, magenta or yellow. Additive color is also used to predict colors from overlapping projected colored lights often used in theatrical lighting for plays, concerts, circus shows, and night clubs.[3]
The full gamut of color available in any additive color system is defined by all the possible combinations of all the possible luminosities of each primary color in that system. In chromaticity space, a gamut is a plane convex polygon with corners at the primaries. For three primaries, it is a triangle.
History
Systems of additive color are motivated by the
See also
- Color mixing
- Color space
- Color theory
- Color motion picture film
- Kinemacolor
- Prizma Color
- RGB color model
- Subtractive color
- Technicolor
- William Friese-Greene
References
- ^ MacEvoy, Bruce. "handprint : colormaking attributes". www.handprint.com. Retrieved February 26, 2019.
- ^ MacEvoy, Bruce. "handprint : colormaking attributes". www.handprint.com. Retrieved February 26, 2019.
- ^ David Briggs (2007). "The Dimensions of Color". Archived from the original on September 28, 2015. Retrieved November 23, 2011.
- ^ "James Clerk Maxwell". Inventor's Hall of Fame, Rochester Institute of Technology Center for Imaging Science. Archived from the original on September 18, 2010.
- ISBN 1-85669-420-8. Archivedfrom the original on February 25, 2017.
External links
- RGB and CMYK Colour systems.
- http://www.edinphoto.org.uk/1_P/1_photographers_maxwell.htm - Photos and stories from the James Clerk Maxwell Foundation.
- Stanford University CS 178 interactive Flash demo comparing additive and subtractive color mixing.