Artois
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| Government of Artois Gouvernment d'Artois | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1764–1790 | |||||||||
 Flag | |||||||||
King of France | | ||||||||
• 1764–1774 | Louis XV | ||||||||
• 1774–1790 | Louis XVI | ||||||||
| Governor of Artois | |||||||||
• 1764–1787 | François Gaston de Lévis | ||||||||
• 1788–1789 | Adrien-Louis de Bonnières | ||||||||
| Historical era | Early Modern | ||||||||
• County created | 1764 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1790 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | France | ||||||||
Artois (/ɑːrˈtwɑː/ ar-TWAH, French: [aʁtwɑ]; Dutch: Artesië; Picard: Artoé; English adjective: Artesian) is a region of northern France. Its territory covers an area of about 4,000 km2 and it has a population of about one million. Its principal cities include Arras (Dutch: Atrecht), Saint-Omer, Lens, and Béthune. It is the eponym for the term Artesian.
Location
Artois occupies the interior of the
History
Originally a feudal county itself, Artois was annexed by the
After the Union of Atrecht, Artois and
Artois experienced rapid industrial development during the second half of the 19th century, fueled by its rich coal resources. During World War I, the front line between the opposing Central Powers and Allied armies in France ran through the province, resulting in enormous physical damage. Since the second half of the 20th century, Artois has suffered along with nearby areas because of the decline of the coal industry.
Notable residents
- Pierre-Charles Le Sueur (c. 1657 – c. 1705), born in Artois, noted explorer and trader.[2]
- Maximilien Robespierre (1758–1794), French revolutionary leader, born in Arras
- botanist
- Robert-François Damiens (1715–1757), failed regicide, born in La Thieuloye
See also
- Artesian aquifer
- Battle of Artois (disambiguation)
- Communauté d'agglomération de l'Artois
- Countess of Artois
- Counts of Artois
- County of Artois
- List of World War I memorials and cemeteries in Artois
- Weald-Artois Anticline, a ridge that connected continental Europe and Britain until 225,000 years ago
References
- Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th ed., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 607.
- ^ Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607–1896. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who. 1963.
External links
Media related to Artois at Wikimedia Commons
50°30′N 2°30′E / 50.500°N 2.500°E
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