Astley Cooper
GCH FRS | |
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Born | 23 August 1768 Brooke, Norfolk, England |
Died | 12 February 1841 London, England | (aged 72)
Nationality | British |
Known for | otology vascular surgery human anatomy |
Awards | Copley Medal (1801) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | anatomy |
Sir Astley Paston Cooper, 1st Baronet
Life
Cooper was born at Brooke Hall in
In 1802 Cooper received the
In 1817 Cooper performed his famous operation of tying the abdominal aorta for aneurysm; and in 1820 he removed an infected
Cooper lived at Gadebridge House in the market town of Hemel Hempstead.[7] Due to his influence, among others who were also residents of the area, his vigorous lobbying ensured that the London to Birmingham main railway line was constructed to the south of the town instead of through it, a more natural course. This led to the citizens of Hemel Hempstead having no railway station in their town.[8]
Today, Cooper is remembered in the area with a number of local street names (Astley Cooper Place in the village of his birth, Brooke, Norfolk), (Astley Road and Paston Road in Hemel Hempstead), and The Astley Cooper School, formerly Grovehill school, being renamed after him in 1984.[9]
Works
In the field of vascular surgery and cerebral circulation, Cooper was the first to demonstrate experimentally the effects of bilateral ligation of the carotid arteries in dogs and to propose treatment of aneurysms by ligation of the vessel. In 1805 he published in the first volume of Medico-Chirurgical Transactions, an account of his attempt to tie the common carotid artery for treating an aneurysm in a patient. In 1808 he tried the same with the external iliac artery for a femoral aneurysm and in 1817 he ligated the aorta for an iliac aneurysm.[10]
Cooper was an anatomist and identified several previously undescribed anatomical structures, many of which were named after him:
- Cooper's fascia, a covering of the spermatic cord.
- Cooper's pubic ligament, the superior pubic ligament.
- Cooper's stripes, a fibrous structure in the ulnar ligaments.
- suspensory ligaments of the breasts.
He also described a number of new diseases, which likewise became eponymous:
- Cooper's testis (neuralgia of the testicles)
- cystsof the breast)
- Cooper's hernia (retroperitoneal hernia)
- Cooper's neuralgia (neuralgia of the breast)
His chief published works were:
- Anatomy and Surgical Treatment of Hernia (1804–1807);
- Dislocations and Fractures (1822);
- Lectures on Surgery (1824–1827);
- Illustrations of Diseases of the Breast (1829);
- Anatomy of the Thymus Gland (1832);
- Anatomy of the Breast (1840).[2]
Many of Cooper's original experimental and surgical specimens are now held in the collections of the Gordon Museum of Pathology.[citation needed]
See also
References
- ^ a b Bettany, George Thomas (1887). Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 12. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 137–139. . In
- ^ a b c d e public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cooper, Sir Astley Paston". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 79. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
- ^ "Fellows Details". Royal Society. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
- ^ "No. 17730". The London Gazette. 28 July 1821. p. 1555.
- ^ King's College London – The Guy's Chapel Archived 26 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine (Accessed 16 July 2013)
- Sinclair, W.p. 472: London; Chapman & Hall, Ltd; 1909.
- ^ "Gadebridge House, Hemel Hempstead". Hertfordshire Genealogy. Retrieved 10 August 2013.
- ^ "Astley Cooper: Surgeon to rich and famous". Dacorum Heritage Trust. Retrieved 14 April 2018.
- ^ "Astley Cooper’s head wins top teacher title", hemeltoday.co.uk. Retrieved 8 July 2013
- ^ Chisholm 1911.
Sources
- Brock, Russell Claude (1952). The life and work of Astley Cooper.
- Burch, Druin (2007). Digging Up the Dead: Uncovering the Life and Times of an Extraordinary Surgeon.
- Cooper, B. B. (1843). Life of Sir A. Cooper. J.W. Parker.
Further reading
- Mansel, Robert E.; Sweetland, Helen M.; Hughes, L. E., eds. (2009). "History of benign breast disease". Hughes, Mansel & Webster's Benign Disorders and Diseases of the Breast (3rd ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 7–10. ISBN 9780702027741.
External links
- Astley Paston Cooper biography. WhoNamedIt.
- Sir Astley Paston Cooper History of Surgeons from surgeons.org.uk.
- Sir Astley Cooper. Surgical-Tutor.
- On the anatomy of the breast, 1840. Digital reproduction of the book.
- "Archival material relating to Astley Cooper". UK National Archives.
- Sir Astley Paston Cooper and Hoo Loo