Carlo Matteucci
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Carlo Matteucci | |
|---|---|
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| Born | 20 June 1811 |
| Died | 25 June 1868 (aged 57) |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Alma mater | University of Bologna (PhD) (1829) |
| Known for | Matteucci effect |
| Awards | Copley Medal (1844) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physics Neurophysiology |
| Institutions | University of Pisa |
Carlo Matteucci (20 or 21 June 1811 – 25 June 1868) was an Italian
bioelectricity
.
Biography
Carlo Matteucci was born at
École Polytechnique in Paris, France. Upon returning to Italy, Matteucci studied at Bologna (1832), Florence, Ravenna (1837) and Pisa. He established himself as the head of the laboratory of the Hospital of Ravenna and became a professor of physics at the local college. In 1840, by recommendation of François Arago (1786–1853), his teacher at the École Polytechnique, to the Grand-Duke of Tuscany, Matteucci accepted a post of professor of physics at the University of Pisa
.
Instigated by the work of
rheoscopic frog", by using the cut nerve of a frog's leg and its attached muscle as a kind of sensitive electricity detector. His work in bioelectricity influenced directly the research developed by Emil du Bois-Reymond (1818–1896), a student of the great German biologist Johannes Peter Müller (1801–1858) in Berlin, who tried the duplicate Matteucci's experiments and ended up discovering the nerve's action potential. In 1844, for these studies, Matteucci was awarded with the Copley medal by the Royal Society
.
From 1847, he took an active part in politics, and in 1860 was chosen an
telegraph
lines. Two years later he was appointed Minister of Education.
Matteucci died in the Ardenza neighbourhood of Livorno in 1868.
Works
Matteucci was the author of four scientific treatises in physics:
- Lezioni di fisica (2 vols., Pisa, 1841)
- Lezioni sui fenomeni fisico-chimici dei corpi viventi (Pisa, 1844)
- Manuale di telegrafia electrica (Pisa, 1850)
- Cours spécial sur l'induction, le magnétisme de rotation, etc. (Paris, 1854).
- Trattato dei fenomeni elettrofisiologici degli animali (1844)
- Lezioni di fisica [Physics lessons] (in Italian). Pisa: Pieraccini. 1850.
- Corso di elettrofisiologia (1857)
- Corso di elettro-fisiologia [Course in Electro-physiology] (in Italian). Torino: Castellazzo e Vercellino. 1861.
His numerous papers were published in the electric polarization of electrodes, etc., sufficiently complete accounts of which are given in Wiedemann's Galvanismus.
Nine memoirs, entitled Electro-Physiological Researches, were published in the Philosophical Transactions, 1845–1860. See Bianchi's Carlo Matteucci e l’Italia del suo tempo (Rome, 1874).
See also
Bibliography
- Matteucci C., "Sur un phenomene physiologique produit par les muscles en contraction", Ann. Chim. Phys. 1842, 6, 339–341.
References
- ^ Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- ^ Matteucci, C. (1858). "Recherches expérimentales sur les phénomènes électromagnétiques développés par la torsion" [Experimental research on electromagnetic phenomena developed by torsion]. Annales de Chimie et de Physique (in French). 53 (385).
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Matteucci, Carlo". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
External links
Media related to Carlo Matteucci at Wikimedia Commons
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