Basmanny District
55°45′53.81″N 37°40′17.70″E / 55.7649472°N 37.6715833°E
.png)
Basmanny District (Russian: райо́н Басма́нный) is a district of Central Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. Population: 108,204 (2010 Russian census);[1] 100,899 (2002 Census).[2]
The district extends northeast from
The district contains
History and architecture
Kitai-gorod to Garden Ring
Central part of the district, with radial
Most of the area burnt down in the
Date of foundation of Ivanovsky Convent (4, Zabelina Street) remains unknown; it was used as a high security prison for state prisoners like Maria Shuiskaya, wife of deposed Vasili IV of Russia, and Darya Saltykova. Present-day cathedral and towers were built by Mikhail Bykovsky in 1861. Nearby Moscow Choral Synagogue (10, Bolshoy Spasoglinischevsky Lane) was completed in 1906.
Armyansky Lane, in the beginning of Pokrovka Street, has been a hub of Moscow's Armenian community since the late 18th century, starting as the base of Lazarev merchant family of Armenian descent. Lazarev's Institute of Oriental Languages, founded in 1814, has been an official school for Russian diplomats since 1827; today, its neoclassical building houses the embassy of Armenia. Nearby Maly Zlatoustinsky Lane was home to Matvey Kazakov's home and workshop (recently demolished).
Southern end of central Basmanny District hides the infamous Khitrovka – former "bottom of Moscow" between present-day Pokrovsky Boulevard, Khokhlovsky Lane and Solyanka Street. Khitrov market, set up in the 1820s, became a flophouse district in the 1860s and a gang land by the 1880s, concentrating thousands of former peasants who failed to adjust to city life. Many original buildings of Khitrovka still stand, although the market and the infamous flophouses were replaced college buildings.
In
Basmannaya Sloboda
"Basman" in the 17th century referred to a particular sort of bread supplied to the court and troops, however, historians argue that Basmannaya sloboda was too large for bakers alone. This sloboda occupied the beginning of Staraya Basmannaya Street, while the present-day Novaya Basmannaya Street was known as Kapitanskaya (Captain's) sloboda and housed the officers of "European" troops established by Peter I. Church of St. Peter and Paul in this area was built in 1705–1723 to the draft made by Peter himself, in early Baroque style (the church technically stands in Krasnoselsky District).
Previous rulers travelled to their country estates via Staraya Basmannaya, however, Peter changed this habit in favor of Novaya Basmannaya, adding to the popularity of this street among the nobles. In the middle of the 18th century, when nobility was relieved from compulsory service, both streets were redeveloped with suburban estates of families like
The area burnt down in 1812; some homeowners rebuilt their lots in stone, while others could allow only wooden buildings. Vasily Pushkin, uncle of Alexander Pushkin, owned such single-story wooden house at 36, Staraya Basmannaya. The poet himself was born in nearby Malaya Pochtovaya Street (exact location of his birthplace remains disputed and was previously stated as either 40 or 57, Baumanskaya Street).
In the 1900s-1910s, both streets acquired 5-7 storey apartment buildings in
German Quarter
Original
Tsar Peter, who grew up in nearby sloboda behind
After the fire of 1812, property changed owners, and by 1826 foreigners virtually disappeared from the former German Street (present-day
In the late 1990s, the area became the site of
Economy
Tupolev has its head office in the district.[4]
Name
Comes from Kazan Tatar nicknames Basman 15th-16th centuries in Russia called the bread prepared for the royal court. Word of Turkic origin, from the verb meaning "to push" ( Bashkir: баҫырға,Tatar: басырга, basyrga): the bread was "printed" on it squeezed the coat of arms.
Gallery
-
Aptekarsky Lane in German Quarter -
The Belvedere grotto of the Bauman Garden -
Muravyov-Apostol house -
Vasily Pushkin house -
Wooden remains of old Basmannaya Sloboda -
![Semyonovskaya [ru] and Rubtsovskaya [ru] embankments in the area of Elektrozavodskaya station of Moscow Metro.](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%C2%BB_%D0%91%D0%9A%D0%9B_%C2%B7_20.jpg/120px-%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%C2%BB_%D0%91%D0%9A%D0%9B_%C2%B7_20.jpg)
Elektrozavodskaya stationof Moscow Metro.
![Semyonovskaya [ru] and Rubtsovskaya [ru] embankments in the area of Elektrozavodskaya station of Moscow Metro.](/File:%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%C2%BB_%D0%91%D0%9A%D0%9B_%C2%B7_20.jpg)
See also
References
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ "Myasnitskaya and Pokrovka Streets [In English]". October 20, 2017.
- ^ "Contacts Archived August 26, 2011, at the Wayback Machine." (Direct map image link Archived September 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine) Tupolev. Retrieved on 8 December 2010. "Address in Moscow: Russia, Moscow, Academician Tupolev Embankment 17 " Address in Russian Archived August 26, 2011, at the Wayback Machine: "105005 г. Москва Набережная Академика Туполева д.17"
- (in Russian) П.В.Сытин, "Из истории московских улиц", М, 1948 (Sytin)
- (in Russian) Ivanovsky Convent
- (in Russian) Нащокина, М.B., "Архитекторы московского модерна", М, "Жираф", 2005, ISBN 5-89832-043-1стр.236-253 (Maria Naschokina)
- (in Russian) History of MSTU official site Archived October 18, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- MSN.com "Death toll climbs to 56 in Moscow roof collapse".
External links
- Basman.ru, Official site of district authorities (in Russian)
- Basman495.info Archived February 5, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, District news
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
