Bavarian Gt 2×4/4
 | This article includes a improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (December 2016) ) |
| Bavarian Gt 2×4/4 DRG Class 960 DR Class 960 | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Number(s): | K.Bay.Sts.B.: 5751–5765 DRG: 96 001–96 015 |
K.Bay.Sts.B.: 5766–5775 DRG: 96 016–96 025 1 |
| Quantity: | 15 | 10 |
| Manufacturer: | Maffei | |
| Year(s) of manufacture: | 1913/1914 | 1922/1923 |
| Retired: | 1936, 1940, 1944 - 1948, 1954 | |
| Wheel arrangement (Whyte): | 0-8-8-0 | |
| Axle arrangement (UIC) : |
D'D h4vt | |
| Sub-class: | Gt 88.15 | Gt 88.16 |
| Track gauge: | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | |
| Length over couplers: | 16,900 mm | 17,100 mm |
| Length over buffers: | 17,500 mm | 17,700 mm |
| Height: | 4.65 m | 4.55 m |
| Width: | 3.15 m | |
| Bogie wheelbase: | 1,500 mm | |
| Wheelbase: | 4,500 mm | |
| Overall wheelbase: | 12,200 mm | |
| Minimum curve: | 180 m | |
| Empty weight: | 99.4 t | 105.4 t |
| Service weight: | 123.2 t | 131.1 t |
| Adhesive weight: | 123.2 t | 131.1 t |
| Axle load: | 15,4 t | 16,4 t |
| Top speed: | 50 km/h, 40 km/h on 25‰ incline | |
| Indicated power: | 1,470 PSi (1,081 kW) |
1,630 PSi (1,199 kW) |
Coupled wheel diameter: |
1,216 mm | |
| Valve gear: | Walschaerts (Heusinger)
| |
| No. of cylinders : |
4 (2 LP / 2 HP) | |
| LP cylinder bore: | 800 mm | |
| HP cylinder bore: | 520 mm | 600 mm |
Piston stroke : |
640 mm | |
| Boiler: | 2,46 m³ steam 8.43 m³ water |
2.46 m³ steam 8.21 m³ Water |
| Boiler overpressure: | 15 bar | |
| No. of heating tubes: | 213 | 218 147 (after rebuild) |
| No. of smoke tubes: | 24 | 34 |
| Heating tube length: | 5.075 m | |
| Grate area: | 4.25 m2 | |
| Radiative heating area: | 14.75 m2 | 14.65 m2 |
| Tube heating area: | 216,14 m2 | 185.78 m2 |
| Superheater area: | 55.39 m2 | 65.37 m2 |
| Evaporative heating area: | 230.89 m2 | 200.43 m2 |
| Water capacity: | 11 m³ | 12.3 m³ |
| Fuel: | 4 t coal, 4,5 t (rebuild) | 5 t coal |
| Brakes: | Westinghouse compressed-air double brake
| |
| Auxiliary brake: | Riggenbach counter-pressure brake
| |
| Remarks: | 1 techn. data after rebuild 1925/1926 (Serie 2) | |
The Bavarian Class Gt 2×4/4 (bayerische Gt 2x4/4) engine of the
goods train tank locomotive of the Mallet type. It was later designated the DRG Class 96 (Baureihe 96) by the DRG, DB and DR
.
Description
The Gt 2x4/4 Mallet locomotive was equipped with two sets of
coupled axles. The designer of this heavy locomotive was the then senior engineer and director at Maffei, Anton Hammel, (1857-1925), who had also developed the famous S 3/6. Between 1913 and 1914 the first series of 15 vehicles was procured and they entered service in 1914. The locomotives caused quite a stir at that time and could be seen at the railway exhibitions frequently held in those days (e.g. the 1922 transport exhibition in Munich) - and, like the S 3/6, they were often painted with a blue or ochre yellow photographic livery and adorned with a crowned chimney. As the first one of the second series, no. 5766 (96 016) was even spruced up with brass bands on the crowned chimney and boiler as well as brass decorations on its front cylinders, and certainly made an impression. A similar thing was carried out on the same locomotive after the rebuilding of the second series in 1926. Otherwise, the first series had a narrow chimney with a cap similar to the Prussian P 8
. The operational livery of the K.Bay.Sts.B. locomotives was green with yellow lettering and a black chassis.
Due to the advent of the
Riggenbach counter-pressure brake
, and seven axles sanded to increase adhesion. To begin with the locos ran with three headlights at the front, but just two after 1926.
Rebuild
In 1925/1926 all the engines were rebuilt and strengthened, those of the first series being modified to a lesser extent (e.g. chimney enlargement, coal capacity increased from 4 to 4.5 t, boiler data, ride) than those of the second series. The following table shows the main changes that were made to second series:
- High-pressure cylinder extended from 520 mm to 600 mm diameter
- Blastpipe set lower and diameter increased
- Chimney widened and shortened a little
- Reduction in the number of heating tubes and increase in the number of smoke tubes
- Reduction in the total tube heating area
- Increase in the superheater area
- Installation of a feedwater heater (Oberflächenvorwärmer) in front of the stack
- Installation of a second air pump next to the first
- Installation of Riggenbach counter-pressure brake
- Increased coal bunker capacity from 4.5 t to 5 t
- Modified boiler fittings (sandbox, steam dome)
- Modifications to improve the ride ('slipping' of the front LP running gear)
- Sand pipes for 7 instead of 2 wheelsets
- Increase in adhesive weight from 123.2 to 131.1 Mp
- Increase in the centre coupled axle's axle load from 15.4 Mp to 16.4 Mp
Area of operations
The locomotives were developed specially for the steep ramps in the K.Bay.Sts.B.'s territory: the railway line from
Lichtenfels-Rothenkirchen
. It was worth being able to mount the steep ramps in a much shorter time in order for the lines to generate a profit. In this role she was able to provide good service for up to 30 years and more, especially as a pusher locomotive, but also as the motive power for goods and passenger trains and reduced journey times by around 40%. The Mallet could manage an incline of 25‰ at 25 km/h hauling 465 tons, and could achieve a maximum of 40 km/h with lighter trains.
During
banking engines on the steep incline between Liège and Ans
(29,9‰). However, they performed quite poorly and were soon withdrawn from this task.
Along with other high performance steam engines like the "H02 1001" and a coal dust-fired
Bahnbetriebswerke or Bw) at Aschaffenburg, Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg and Rothenkirchen. Others were stationed at Munich and Eger
.
Retirement
Six machines (96 001, 96 003, 96 005, 96 007, 96 013, 96 014) were retired by 1945 and 96 015 was lost to military action. After 1945, nine engines of each series remained in the territory of the Deutsche Bundesbahn. They were stationed in Munich and Nuremberg and were retired in 1948 as a splinter class with fewer than 20 units. Of those, two machines, 96 002 and 96 024, went to the Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) and until 1954 were on the books of the Stendal repair shop.
Models
No examples have survived - only two excellent 1:10 scale models (1.82 m long) of prototypes in the second series, 96 016 and 96 025, can be admired in the
Nuremberg Transport Museum. They were made during the 1930s by students at the repair shed in Ingolstadt
.
For many years
N gauge model has been available from Arnold
.
A static model (unknown brand) was also offered as part of a collection series, presumably in HO scale.
See also
References
- Lüdeke, Steffen (1983). Die Baureihe 96 - Gigant unter den Dampfloks. Stuttgart: ISBN 3-17-007933-6.
- Lüdeke, Steffen (1991). Die Baureihe 96 – Malletriese für den Schiebedienst. Freiburg: EK-Verlag. ISBN 3-88255-831-8.
- Weisbrod, Manfred; Bäzold, Dieter; Obermayer, Horst J. (1995). Das große Typenbuch deutscher Lokomotiven. Berlin: Transpress Verlag. p. 180. ISBN 3-344-70751-5.
- Weisbrod, Manfred; Müller, Hans; Petznik, Wolfgang (1978). Dampflokomotiven deutscher Eisenbahnen, Baureihe 60–96 (EFA 1.3) (in German) (4th ed.). Düsseldorf: Alba. pp. 220–224. ISBN 3-87094-083-2.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bavarian Gt 2x4/4.
- The Gt 2x4/4 malletlok.de
- Gt 2 x 4-4 - K.Bay.St.B. - BR 96 - DRG Märklinfan Club Italia
- ModelsList of bay. Gt 2 x 4-4 Bauart 1913/1923 Frits-Osterhun-Files
- LCTM Lista de Correo de Trenes Märklin
| Early locomotives |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Passenger and express train locomotives | ||
Goods train locomotives | ||
Tank locomotives | ||
| Branch line locomotives | ||
Narrow gauge locomotives | ||
Electric locomotives | ||
| Railbuses | ||
| Bavarian Ostbahn locomotives | ||