Beihai Park
39°55′28″N 116°22′59″E / 39.92444°N 116.38306°E
Beihai Park | |
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北海公园 | |
Type | Urban park |
Location | Beijing, China |
Area | 71 hectares (180 acres)[citation needed] |
Created | 1179 (first park) 1925 (modern park) |
Owned by | Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks |
Status | Open all year |
Beihai Park | ||
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Hanyu Pinyin Běihǎi Gōngyuán | | |
Wade–Giles | Pei3-hai3 Kung1-yüan2 | |
IPA | [pèɪxàɪ kʊ́ŋ.ɥɛ̌n] |
Beihai Park is a
First built in the 12th century, Beihai is among the largest of all surviving
The present park has an area of around 71 hectares (180 acres) with a lake that covers more than half of its area. At its center is Jade Flower Island (.
Name
"Beihai" is the
History
In 1179,
During the reign of
The Ming dynasty was initially based at Nanjing but moved to Beijing under the Yongle Emperor, with construction of his palace complex beginning in 1406. At this time, Taiye Lake was divided by bridges into three lakes described as the "Northern", "Central", and "Southern Seas". These lakes formed part of an extensive royal estate within the Imperial City called the Western Garden (西苑, Xīyuàn).
In 1747, the Qianlong Emperor ordered that three rare calligraphy works made by Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, and Wang Xun then housed within the Hall of Mental Cultivation along with 134 other calligraphic works from the Imperial Collection were to be carved into stone and displayed at the Pavilion of Reviewing the Past beside Beihai.[6][7][8]
Notable places
Beihai Park includes several Buddhist temples within its grounds, including the Temple of Everlasting Peace (永安寺, Yǒng'ān Sì) and the Chanfu Temple.
The White Dagoba or Pagoda (
On the lake's north bank lies the Five Dragon Pavilions, five connected pavilions with spires and pointed upswept eaves, built under the Ming.[10]
The Nine-Dragon Wall lies north of the Five Dragon Pavilions. It was built in 1402 and is one of three walls of its kind in China. It is made of glazed bricks in seven colors. Nine complete dragons playing in the clouds decorate both sides of the wall.
Many smaller gardens exist throughout the park. The Jingxin or Quieting Heart Room is a garden on the north bank that covers more than 4,000 square meters (43,056 sq ft).
The Hall of Received Light (Chengguangdian) is the main structure in the Round City (
The
Legacy
The
Gallery
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The park bridge in 1910
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Jade Flower Island
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The White Dagoba
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The Five-Dragon Pavilions
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One of the dragon pavilions
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Pavilion of Sharing Coolness
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The Daci Zhenru Hall
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The entrance to the Chanfu Temple
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Xiaoxitian
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The Miaoxiang Pavilion
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The Nine-Dragon Wall
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The Nine-Dragon Wall (detail)
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Chinese gardens are found throughout the park
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Lotuses in the park
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Bridge and Rockery at the Studio of Mental Serenity
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Western Paradise in the park
See also
- Imperial City, Beijing
- Zhongnanhai
- Summer Palace
- Old Summer Palace
- Miaoying Temple, the site of another famous White Dagoba in Beijing
- Ming tombs
- Star Art Exhibitionof 1979 took place here
References
Citations
- ^ UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 2008-09-03. Archived from the originalon 2007-07-02.
- ^ Du, Pengfei & al. "History of Water Supply in Pre-Modern China" from Evolution of Water Supply through the Millennia, pp. 169 ff. Accessed 16 November 2013.
- ^ Rinaldi, Bianca. The Chinese Garden: Garden Types for Contemporary Landscape Architecture, p. 137. Walter de Gruyter, 2011. Accessed 16 November 2013.
- ^ Steinhardt, Nancy Riva Shatzman (1981). Imperial Architecture under Mongolian Patronage: Khubilai's Imperial City of Daidu. Harvard University. p. 222.
- ^ "Yeheidie'erding" (Amir al-Din) in Bai Shouyi, Zhongguo Huihui minzu shi. Yang Huaizhong. pp. 813–818.
- ISBN 978-3-11-071433-3.
- ^ "Letter to Boyuan in Running Script|The Palace Museum". en.dpm.org.cn. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
- ^ "Top 10 calligraphy masterpieces of ancient China - China.org.cn". www.china.org.cn. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
- ^ "White Pagoda of Beihai Park". www.beijingservice.com. Retrieved 2023-06-11.
- ^ "Beijing White Pagoda Temple". www.china-tour.cn/.
- ^ Olivová (2009), p. 9.
Bibliography
- Olivová, Lucie B. (2009), "Building History and the Preservation of Yangzhou", Lifestyle and Entertainment in Yangzhou, NIAS Studies in Asian Topics, No. 44, Copenhagen: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, pp. 3–36, ISBN 978-87-7694-035-5.
External links
- Official Website (in Chinese)
- Beihai Park, Beijing
- The Circular Wall (Tuancheng) - China.org.cn