Belgium–Canada relations
Belgium |
Canada |
---|---|
Diplomatic mission | |
Belgian Embassy, Ottawa | Canadian Embassy, Brussels |
Envoy | |
Raoul Roger Delcorde | Olivier Nicoloff |
Belgium–Canada relations are those between the nations of
History
A few Belgians came to New France before 1759. In the mid-19th century there were enough arrivals to open part-time consulates in Montreal, Quebec City and Halifax. After 1859 the main attraction was free farm land. After 1867 the national government gave immigrants from Belgium a preferred status, and encouraged emigration to the Francophone Catholic communities of Quebec and Manitoba. Edouard Simaeys became a part-time paid Canadian agent in Belgium to publicize opportunities in Canada and facilitate immigration. The steamship companies prepared their own brochures and offered inexpensive package deals to farm families. By 1898 there was a full-time Canadian office in Antwerp which provided pamphlets, lectures and specific travel advice. By 1906 some 2000 Belgians a year were arriving, most with skills in agriculture. A third wave of immigration took place after 1945, with urban areas the destination. The 1961 census counted 61,000 Canadians of Belgian ancestry.[1]
To provide financial support to Belgian immigrants suffering setbacks, the Société belge de bienfaisance was established in 1921 in Montréal. In 1936–7, it was merged into the newly founded Association Belgique-Canada.[2] The association's level of activity has fluctuated over the years, being more active in the 1940s, less so in the 1970s.[3] The last recorded AGM took place in 2011.[4]
Belgian immigration to western Canada in the late 19th and early 20th century attracted the attention of the Belgian government. It enacted laws and regulations to protect the emigrants and guarantee adequate shipboard conditions. Provision was made to assist emigrants who decided to return to Belgium. Starting in the 1860s consular officials made on-site visits to inspect conditions in Canada, which eagerly welcomed the new arrivals. The Catholic Church was likewise welcoming, and a number of priests immigrated. The Walloon immigrants discovered they could continue to speak French in Canada, while the Flemish quickly learned English. The Belgians formed no national organization on their behalf. Some settled in towns such as St. Boniface, Manitoba, but most became farmers who specialized in dairy farming, sugar beets and market gardening. After 1920 there was a move to western Alberta, with an economy based on ranching, horse breeding, and sugar beets.[5]
World Wars
During the
Some of the Canadian Expeditionary Force spent the First World War on Belgian soil and helped Belgium to repel the German invasion. It was in Belgium, at Mont Sorrel, that one of the most famous battles in Canadian history took place.
In the
Missions
Belgium has an embassy in
Canada maintains an embassy in Brussels (which also covers
Belgium and Canada are member states of a variety of international organizations. They include: the
Trade
Bilateral investment in 2006 was $5.9 billion. Luxembourg included, the total rises to $8.4 billion. Belgium exported a total $2.35 billion in 2006 in goods. Belgian exports include fuels, diamonds and mineral oils, vehicles, machinery and pharmaceutical products. The same year Canada exported $2.84 billion in goods. Canadian exports include diamonds, nickel, machinery, oil and zinc. Belgium was Canada's 5th biggest export destination within the EU during that year. Antwerp is one of the main ports of entry for Canadian goods to the EU.
Belgian and Canadian universities have many partnerships. More than 20 Canadian universities partner with their Belgian counterparts in an array of fields ranging from health to social sciences.
See also
References
- ^ Paul R. Magocsi, Encyclopedia of Canada's peoples (1999) pp 257-69
- ISBN 2-89448-301-5.
- ^ Vermeirre, André. "Historique". Societe belge de bienfaisance. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
- ^ "L'ASSOCIATION BELGIQUE-CANADA (SECTION CANADIENNE)". Can1business. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
- ^ Cornelius J. Jaenen, Promoters, Planters, and Pioneers: The Course and Context of Belgian Settlement in Western Canada (University of Calgary Press, 2011)
- ^ Dfait-maeci.gc.ca Archived 2008-06-16 at the Wayback Machine