Buyeo language
Buyeo | |
---|---|
Puyŏ | |
Native to | Buyeo Kingdom |
Region | Manchuria |
Extinct | 7th century[citation needed] |
?
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | xpy |
xpy | |
Glottolog | None |
Buyeo in the 3rd century |
Very little is known of the language of the
The most widely cited evidence for this group is a body of placename glosses in the Samguk sagi (1154), which some authors take to represent the language of Goguryeo, but others believe reflect a mix of languages spoken by peoples conquered by Goguryeo.[4][5] Scholars who take these words as representing the language of Goguryeo have come to a range of conclusions about the language, some holding that it was Koreanic, others that it was Japonic, and others that it was somehow intermediate between these families.[6][7][8]
The same chapter of the Records of the Three Kingdoms transcribes a Buyeo word for noblemen subordinate only to the king as 加.[9] This character was pronounced kai in Eastern Han Chinese.[10] Beckwith identified this word with a Samguk sagi gloss 皆/皆次 (pronounced kɛj/kɛjtshijH in Middle Chinese, kay/kaycha in Sino-Korean) for 'king', and the Baekje language word for 'ruler' transcribed in the Nihon Shoki as Old Japanese ki1si.[11]
References
- ^ Lee & Ramsey (2011), p. 37.
- ^ Lee & Ramsey (2011), p. 34.
- ^ Lee & Ramsey (2011), pp. 34–36.
- ^ Lee & Ramsey (2011), pp. 40–41.
- ^ Whitman (2013), pp. 251–252.
- ^ Whitman (2011), p. 154.
- ^ Beckwith (2004), pp. 27–28.
- ^ Lee & Ramsey (2011), pp. 43–44.
- ^ Byington (2016), pp. 188–189.
- ^ Schuessler (2007), p. 300.
- ^ Beckwith (2004), pp. 42, 124–125.
Works cited
- ISBN 978-90-04-13949-7.
- Byington, Mark E. (2016), The Ancient State of Puyŏ in Northeast Asia, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-73719-8.
- Lee, Ki-Moon; Ramsey, S. Robert (2011), A History of the Korean Language, Cambridge University Press, p. 34, ISBN 978-1-139-49448-9.
- Schuessler, Axel (2007), ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, ISBN 978-0-8248-2975-9.
- Whitman, John (2011), "Northeast Asian Linguistic Ecology and the Advent of Rice Agriculture in Korea and Japan", Rice, 4 (3–4): 149–158, .
- ——— (2013), "A History of the Korean Language, by Ki-Moon Lee and Robert Ramsey", Korean Linguistics, 15 (2): 246–260, .