Chiloglottis
Wasp orchids | |
---|---|
Chiloglottis reflexa the short-clubbed wasp orchid | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Order: | Asparagales |
Family: | Orchidaceae |
Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
Tribe: | Diurideae |
Subtribe: | Drakaeinae |
Genus: | Chiloglottis R.Br., 1810 |
Type species | |
Chiloglottis diphylla | |
Synonyms[1] | |
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Chiloglottis, commonly known as wasp orchids, ant orchids or bird orchids, The genus Chiloglottis was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown. Brown described Chiloglottis diphylla at the same time, making it the type species.[4][5]
David Jones has transferred some species, especially those commonly known as "bird orchids" (Simpliglottis) and "ant orchids" (Myrmechila) to other genera, but the change has not been widely accepted.[6]
This genus of orchids is Taxonomy and naming
Distribution
Ecology
The flowers of wasp, ant and bird orchids are pollinated by sexual deception (pseudocopulation) of thynnine wasps, except for C. cornuta which is self-pollinating. A key feature is that each species of orchid is pollinated by a different species of wasp.[7]
Male wasps are attracted by wind-borne
List of species
- Chiloglottis anaticeps D.L.Jones (1991) - duck's-head wasp orchid, bird orchid (N.S.W.)
- Chiloglottis chlorantha D.L.Jones (1991) - Wollongong bird orchid (N.S.W.)
- Chiloglottis cornuta Hook.f. (1844) - green bird orchid (N.S.W., Vic., S.A., Tas., N.Z.)
- Chiloglottis diphylla R.Br. (1810) - common wasp orchid (N.S.W., Qld.)
- Chiloglottis formicifera Fitzg. (1877) - common ant orchid (N.S.W.)
- Chiloglottis grammata G.W.Carr (1991) - small bird orchid (Tas.)
- Chiloglottis gunnii Lindl. (1840) - tall bird orchid (Tas.)
- Chiloglottis jeanesii D.L.Jones (1997) - mountain bird orchid (Vic.)
- Chiloglottis longiclavata D.L.Jones (1991) - northern wasp orchid (Qld.)
- Chiloglottis palachila D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. (1991) - spade-lipped wasp orchid (N.S.W.)
- Chiloglottis × pescottiana R.S.Rogers (1918) - bronze bird orchid (N.S.W., Vic.)
- Chiloglottis platyptera D.L.Jones (1991) - winged ant orchid, Barrington Tops ant orchid (N.S.W.)
- Chiloglottis pluricallata D.L.Jones (1991) - clustered bird orchid (N.S.W.)
- Chiloglottis reflexa (Labill.) Druce (1917) - short-clubbed wasp orchid (N.S.W., Vic.)
- Chiloglottis seminuda D.L.Jones (1991) - turtle orchid (N.S.W., Vic.)
- Chiloglottis sphaerula D.L.Jones (2006) (N.S.W.)
- Chiloglottis sphyrnoides D.L.Jones (1991) - forest wasp orchid (N.S.W., Qld.)
- Chiloglottis sylvestris D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. (1987) - small wasp orchid (N.S.W., Qld.)
- Chiloglottis trapeziformis Fitzg. (1877) - broad-lip bird orchid, diamond ant orchid, dainty bird-orchid (N.S.W., Qld., Vic., S.A., Tas.)
- Chiloglottis triceratops D.L.Jones (1998) - three-horned bird orchid (Tas.)
- Chiloglottis trilabra Fitzg. (1883) - long-clubbed wasp orchid (N.S.W., Vic.)
- Chiloglottis trullata D.L.Jones (1991) - triangular orchid (Qld.)
- Chiloglottis truncata D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. (1987) - small ant orchid (Qld.)
- Chiloglottis turfosa D.L.Jones, (1991) - bog bird orchid (N.S.W., A.C.T.)
- Chiloglottis valida D.L.Jones, (1991) - large bird orchid, common bird orchid (N.S.W., A.C.T.)
References
- ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ Jones, David L. (1998). "Contributions to Tasmanian Orchidology". Australian Orchid Research. 3: 62.
- ^ "Chiloglottis". APNI. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ^ Brown, Robert (1810). Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et insulae Van-Diemen, exhibens characteres plantarum quas annis 1802-1805. London. pp. 322–323. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ^ "Chiloglottis". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ^ a b Bower, Colin (2007). "The Wasp, Ant and Bird Orchids of the Chiloglottis Alliance". The Orchadian. 15 (9): 401–416.
External links
- Media related to Chiloglottis at Wikimedia Commons
- Data related to Chiloglottis at Wikispecies