Convoy HG 84
Convoy HG 84 | |
---|---|
Part of Atlantic | |
Result | Inconclusive |
Frederic Walker
7 Escorts
HG 84 was an Allied convoy of the HG (Homeward from Gibraltar) series during World War II.
Background
Following the
Forces involved
HG 84 comprised 20 ships homeward bound from Gibraltar, many in ballast, or carrying trade goods. The convoy commodore was Captain
Ranged against them was the
Action
Convoy HG 84 sailed from Gibraltar on 9 June 1942, undetected by Axis patrols. On 11 June the convoy was joined by three ships bound from
Stork and Gardenia attacked U-132, causing severe damage and forcing her to abandon the battle and leave the pack. Marigold and Convolvulus attacked U-89 and U-437 over a period of 31 hours. U-552 was able to penetrate the screen and made two attacks. The first, just after midnight on 14/15 June, hit and sank the ships Etrib, Pelayo and Slemdal. The Convoy Commodore, Hudson, on Pelayo, was among those lost. Four hours later, having reloaded, U-552 again penetrated the escort screen and sank two more ships, City of Oxford and Thurso. During the next day, 15 June, five more boats arrived, but Walker's ships continued their aggressive defence, fiercely attacking all attempts by the U-boats to close on the convoy. During this period U-552 and U-71 both suffered damage and had to withdraw. U-575 managed to close and fire but her torpedoes missed and there was no damage.
On 16 June the convoy was joined by three more warships, the destroyer
Conclusion
Whilst the U-boat Arm had had some success, it was not the victory BdU had expected. Three of the nine U-boats had been severely damaged, though only two, U-71 and U-552 had to return to base; U-132 was able to carry out repairs at sea and was able to continue her patrol. HG 84 had lost five ships, yet 17 ships arrived safely. Walker was commended for his handling of the defence, and it was recognized he had been able to prevent further losses despite the disparity in numbers and to avert a big defeat.[2]
Table
Date | Name | Nationality | Casualties | Tonnage | Sunk by... |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
15 June 1942 | Etrib | British | 4 | 1,943 GRT | U-552 |
15 June 1942 | Pelayo | British | 17 | 1,345 GRT | U-552 |
15 June 1942 | Slemdal | Norwegian | nil | 7,374 GRT | U-552 |
15 June 1942 | City of Oxford | British | 1 | 2,759 GRT | U-552 |
15 June 1942 | Thurso | British | 13 | 2,436 GRT | U-552 |
Notes
- ^ Blair 2000, p. 623.
- ^ Blair 2000, p. 624.
- ^ "HG convoys". Arnold Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
References
- ISBN 0-304-35260-8.
- Arnold Hague The Allied Convoy System 1939–1945 (2000). ISBN 1-86176-147-3(UK)
- Stephen Roskill : The War at Sea 1939–1945 Vol II (1956). ISBN (none)
- ISBN 0-340-37751-8
External links