Cordilleran parakeet

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Cordilleran parakeet

Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
CITES Appendix II (CITES)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Psittacidae
Genus: Psittacara
Species:
P. frontatus
Binomial name
Psittacara frontatus
(Cabanis, 1846)
Synonyms

Psittacara wagleri frontatus[3]

The cordilleran parakeet (Psittacara frontatus) is a

Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.[4][1]

Taxonomy and systematics

The cordilleran parakeet was for a time placed in the genus

nominate P. f. frontatus (Cabanis, 1846) and P. f. minor (Carriker, 1933). The American Ornithological Society treats the two taxa as subspecies of the scarlet-fronted parakeet (P. wagleri, GR Gray, 1845).[4][6][7][3]

Description

The cordilleran parakeet is 34 to 40 cm (13 to 16 in) long and weighs 162 to 217 g (5.7 to 7.7 oz). The sexes are alike. Adults are generally green that is yellower on the underparts; some have red speckles on their throat. Their forehead, the front part of their crown, and the bend of their wing are red. The undersides of their flight feathers and tail are olive-yellow. Their iris is pale gray surrounded by bare white skin, their bill horn colored, and their legs and feet brownish. Subspecies P. f. minor is overall somewhat smaller and greener than the nominate, the red on its crown is paler, and some individuals have yellow at the bend of the wing. Immature birds resemble adults but with less red on their head.[8][9]

Distribution and habitat

The nominate subspecies of the cordilleran parakeet is found on the western slope of the Andes in Eucador's

montane forest, and gallery and secondary forest. It also occurs in agricultural areas, and parks in built-up areas. In elevation it ranges from 1,000 to 2,500 m (3,300 to 8,200 ft) in Ecuador and as high as 3,000 m (9,800 ft) in Peru.[8][9]

Behavior

Movement

The cordilleran parakeet's movements, if any, have not been documented. It travels in small flocks.[8][9]

Feeding

The cordilleran parakeet usually forages in the forest canopy. Its diet has not been fully described but is known to include fruits, nuts, and seeds.[8]

Breeding

The cordilleran parakeet's nesting season is not known. It breeds in small colonies, usually in fissures in cliff faces.[8][9]

Dickcissel male perched on a metal pole singing, with neck stretched and beak open.

Songs and calls
Listen to cordilleran parakeet on xeno-canto

Vocalization

The cordilleran parakeet is very vocal, especially in flight with "a continuous loud screeching chatter". It also makes "[s]queaky notes and screeches, kreee".[8]

Status

The

IUCN has assessed the cordilleran parakeet as Near Threatened. Though it has a fairly large range, its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. The primary threats are "trapping pressure, persecution and habitat loss and land-use change."[1] It is rare and local in Ecuador and common in some areas in Peru.[8][9]

References

  1. ^
    doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T62293270A196530179.en
    . Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  3. ^ a b Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, G. Del-Rio, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 28 September 2023. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved October 20, 2023
  4. ^ a b c Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (July 2023). "Parrots, cockatoos". IOC World Bird List. v 13.2. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
  5. ^ Remsen, James V.; Urantówka, Adam (2013). "Divide Aratinga into four genera". AOS South American Classification Committee. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
  6. ^ HBW and BirdLife International (2022) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 7. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v7_Dec22.zip retrieved December 13, 2022
  7. ^ Clements, J. F., P.C. Rasmussen, T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, A. Spencer, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2023. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2023. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved October 28, 2023
  8. ^ a b c d e f g Collar, N., J. del Hoyo, P. F. D. Boesman, G. M. Kirwan, and C. J. Sharpe (2022). Scarlet-fronted Parakeet (Psittacara wagleri), version 1.1. In Birds of the World (B. K. Keeney, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.scfpar1.01.1 retrieved April 7, 2023
  9. ^
    ISBN 978-0-8014-8721-7
    .
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