Czechowice-Dziedzice
Czechowice-Dziedzice | |
---|---|
UTC+2 (CEST) | |
Postal code | 43-500, 43-502, 43-503 |
Area code | +48 32 |
Car plates | SBI |
National roads | |
Website | http://www.czechowice-dziedzice.pl |
Czechowice-Dziedzice [t͡ʂɛxɔˈvit͡sɛ d͡ʑɛˈd͡ʑit͡sɛ] ⓘ (German: Czechowitz-Dzieditz / Czechowitz-Dziedzitz, Silesian: Czechowice-Dziydzice), known until 1958 as Czechowice, is a town in Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. The town has 35,684 inhabitants, as of December 2021.[1] It lies on the northeastern edge of the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. It is a large rail junction with four stations,[2] located at the intersection of two major lines – east-west (Trzebinia – Zebrzydowice), and north–south (Katowice – Bielsko-Biala).
History
The area inhabited by the
Item in Chothowitz theutonico fertones
Item in Chothowitz polonico decima more polonico, valet I) marcam
Chotowitz theutonico (German Czechowice) was presumably established under German rights (iure theuthonico) on the ground of the older Chotowitz polonico, which was continuously ruling itself under Polish traditional rights (iure polonico).
The village of Czechowice became a seat of a Catholic parish, mentioned in the register of Peter's Pence payment from 1447 among 50 parishes of Teschen deanery as Czechowicz.[7] In the time of Protestant Reformation, the parish of Czechowice stayed Roman Catholic, conversely to the nearby town of Bielsko and the rest of the Duchy of Cieszyn.
19th and 20th centuries
After
According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910, the population of Czechowice grew from 2804 in 1880 to 7056 in 1910 with a dwindling majority being native Polish-speakers (from 96.6% in 1880 to 86.7% in 1910) accompanied by a growing German-speaking minority (from 95 or 3.4% in 1880 to 611 or 8.9% in 1910) and Czech-speaking (from 33 or 1.1% in 1890 to 290 or 4.3% in 1910), in terms of religion in 1910 majority were
After World War I, fall of Austria-Hungary, the reestablishment of independent Poland, the Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, Czechowice and Dziedzice became a part of Poland. In the interwar period, the industry continued to expand.[9] New factories were founded, which produced machines, bicycles, matches, paper, cables etc.[9] New culture centers, amateur theaters, cinemas, choirs and sports clubs were founded.[9] In 1924, the Freedom Monument (Pomnik Wolności) was unveiled, financed by voluntary contributions.[11] Patriotic celebrations take place at the monument.[11]
Czechowice and Dziedzice were
In 1951, Dziedzice were merged with Czechowice, concurrently the expanded gmina was given town rights.[15] However, the name of the new town was Czechowice, which disappointed the citizens of Dziedzice. After complaints in 1958, the town was given the name of Czechowice-Dziedzice.[16]
From 1975 to 1998, it was located in the Katowice Voivodeship, and since 1999 in Silesian Voivodeship.
In 1993, a new Freedom Monument was erected in place of the former, destroyed by the Germans in 1939.[11]
Landmarks
Among the town's landmarks are the Rococo Kotuliński Palace, the Baroque Saint Catherine Church and the Gothic Revival Saint Mary of Help church.
Sports
The local football team is MRKS Czechowice-Dziedzice . It competes in the lower leagues.
Twin towns – sister cities
See twin towns of Gmina Czechowice-Dziedzice.
Notable people
- Piotr Beczała (born 1966), operatic tenor
- Łukasz Piszczek (born 1985), footballer
Gallery
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Saint Mary of Help church
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Town hall
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The oldest church of St. Catherine
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Silesia coal mine
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Workers' houses in Żebracz
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Primary school
References
- ^ a b "Local Data Bank". Statistics Poland. Retrieved 2022-07-28. Data for territorial unit 2402044.
- ^ "Urząd Miejski w Czechowicach-Dziedzicach: Rozwój miasta". Archived from the original on 2010-01-28. Retrieved 2010-01-19.
- ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5.
- ^ I. Panic, 2010, p. 401
- ^ I. Panic, 2010, p. 402
- ^ I. Panic, 2010, p. 313
- ^ "Registrum denarii sancti Petri in archidiaconatu Opoliensi sub anno domini MCCCCXLVII per dominum Nicolaum Wolff decretorum doctorem, archidiaconum Opoliensem, ex commissione reverendi in Christo patris ac domini Conradi episcopi Wratislaviensis, sedis apostolice collectoris, collecti". Zeitschrift des Vereins für Geschichte und Alterthum Schlesiens (in German). 27. Breslau: H. Markgraf: 361–372. 1893. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
- ISBN 978-83-7780-882-5.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Z historii Czechowic-Dziedzic". Urząd Miejski w Czechowicach-Dziedzicach (in Polish). Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
- ^ a b Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 257, 276.
- ^ a b c "Pomnik Wolności". Urząd Miejski w Czechowicach-Dziedzicach (in Polish). Archived from the original on 10 September 2016. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
- ^ "Polenlager Tschechowitz-Dzieditz". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 8 May 2021.
- ^ "Zwangsarbeitslager für Juden Czechowice-Dziedzice". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 8 May 2021.
- ^ "Sub-Camps of Auschwitz Concentration Camp". Auschwitz-Birkenau: Memorial and Museum. auschwitz.org.pl. Archived from the original on 2009-06-02. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
- ^ Rozporządzenie Prezesa Rady Ministrów z dnia 14 grudnia 1950 r. w sprawie zniesienia gminy Dziedzice, zmiany granic niektórych gmin oraz nadania ustroju miejskiego gminie Czechowice., Dz. U. z 1950 r. Nr 57, poz. 514
- ^ Zarządzenie nr 231 Prezesa Rady Ministrów z dnia 13 listopada 1958 r. w sprawie zmiany nazw niektórych miejscowości w województwach katowickim, poznańskim, wrocławskim i lubelskim., M.P. z 1958 r. Nr 89, poz. 496
External links
- (in Polish) Czechowice - Dziedzice on the web
- Jewish Community in Czechowice-Dziedzice on Virtual Shtetl