Derafsh Kaviani
Derafsh Kaviani (Persian: درفش کاویانی) was the legendary royal standard Derafsh (in Latin: vexilloid) of Iran (Persia) used since ancient times until the fall of the Sasanian Empire.[1] The banner was also sometimes called the "Standard of Jamshid" (Drafš-ī Jamshid درفش جمشید), the "Standard of Fereydun" (Drafš-ī Freydun درفش فریدون) and the "Royal Standard" (Drafš-ī Kayi درفش کیی).
Meaning and origins
The name Drafš-e Kāvīān means "the standard of the kay(s)" (i.e., "kings", kias, kavis ) or "of Kāva."[1] The latter meaning is an identification with an Iranian legend in which the Derafš-e Kāvīān was the standard of a mythological Iranian blacksmith-turned-hero named Kaveh (Persian: کاوه), who led a popular uprising against the foreign demon-like ruler Zahhak (Persian: ضحاک). Recalling the legend, the 10th-century epic Shahnameh recasts Zahhak as an evil and tyrannical ruler, against whom Kaveh called the people to arms, using his leather blacksmith apron as a standard, with a spear as its hoist. In the story, after the war that called for the kingship of Fereydun (Persian: فریدون) had been won, the people decorated the apron with jewels and the flag became the symbol of Iranian nationalism and resistance against foreign tyranny. The symbol of Derafsh Kaviani is a
Sasanian standard
By the late
As the symbol of the Sasanian state,
Standard of the president of Tajikistan
The standard of the president of Tajikistan was introduced in 2006, on the occasion of the inauguration ceremony for the third term of Emomali Rahmon as head of state. It uses the same tricolour, charged with a depiction of the Derafsh Kāviān, the Sasanian royal standard; inside the Derafsh Kāviān is a depiction of a winged lion against a blue sky under a smaller representation of the crown and seven stars.[6]
See also
References and bibliography
- ^ a b c d e Khaleghi-Motlagh, Djalal (1996). "Derafš-e Kāvīān". Encyclopedia Iranica. Vol. 7. Costa Mesa: Mazda.
- ^ Image of the Derafsh Kaviani:
- Wiesehofer, JosephAncient Persia New York:1996 I.B. Tauris
- ^ a b Shahbazi, A. Shapur (2001). "Flags". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. 10. Costa Mesa: Mazda.
- ^ Shahbazi, A. Shapur (1996). "Derafš". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. 7. Costa Mesa: Mazda.
- ^ Based on a Russian-language description of the flag posted at president.tj in 2006 (archived version from 2007).