Diethylaluminium chloride
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IUPAC name
Chlorodiethylalumane
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Other names
Chlorodiethylaluminium
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Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol ) |
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4123259 | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard
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100.002.253 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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RTECS number
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UNII | |
UN number | 3394 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
C8H20Al2Cl2 | |
Molar mass | 241.11 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Colorless liquid[1] |
Density | 0.96 g/cm3[1] |
Melting point | −74 °C (−101 °F; 199 K)[1] |
Boiling point | 125 to 126 °C (257 to 259 °F; 398 to 399 K) at 50 mmHg |
Reacts[1] | |
Vapor pressure | 3 mmHg (at 60 °C) |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H225, H250, H260, H261, H314 | |
P210, P222, P223, P231+P232, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P334, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P335+P334, P363, P370+P378, P402+P404, P403+P235, P405, P422, P501 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | −18 °C (0 °F; 255 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Diethylaluminium chloride, abbreviated DEAC, is an
Structure and bonding
Compounds of the empirical formula AlR2Cl (R =
Production
Diethylaluminium chloride can be produced from ethylaluminium sesquichloride, (C2H5)3Al2Cl3, by reduction with sodium:[5]
- 2 (C2H5)3Al2Cl3 + 3 Na → 3 (C2H5)2AlCl + Al + 3 NaCl
It is also obtained from the reaction of triethylaluminium with hydrochloric acid:
- (C2H5)3Al + HCl → (C2H5)2AlCl + C2H6
Reproportionation reactions can also be used:
- 2 (C2H5)3Al + AlCl3 → 3 (C2H5)2AlCl
- (C2H5)3Al2Cl3 + (C2H5)3Al → 3 (C2H5)2AlCl
Uses
Diethylaluminium chloride and other organoaluminium compounds are used in combination with transition metal compounds as Ziegler–Natta catalysts for the polymerization of various alkenes.[6]
As a Lewis acid, diethylaluminium chloride also has uses in organic synthesis. For example, it is used to catalyze the Diels–Alder and ene reactions. Alternatively, it can react as a nucleophile or a proton scavenger.[2]
Safety
Diethylaluminium chloride is not only flammable but pyrophoric.
References
- Hu, Y. J.; Jiang, H. L.; Wang, H. H., "Preparation of highly branched polyethylene with acenaphthenediimine nickel chloride/diethylaluminum chloride catalyst". Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2006, 24 (5), 483–488.
- Yao, Y. M.; Qi, G. Z.; Shen, Q.; Hu, J. Y.; Lin, Y. H., "Reactivity and structural characterization of divalent samarium aryloxide with diethylaluminum chloride". Chinese Science Bulletin 2003, 48 (20), 2164–2167.
- ^ ISBN 978-1138561632.
- ^ ISBN 0-471-93623-5.
- .
- S2CID 195242291.
- ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2
- S2CID 213111515.
External links
- Media related to Diethylaluminium chloride at Wikimedia Commons