Dirt

Dirt is any matter considered unclean, especially when in contact with a person's clothes, skin, or possessions. In such cases, they are said to become dirty. Common types of dirt include:

• Debris: scattered pieces of waste or remains
• Dust: a general powder of organic or mineral matter
• excrement
• Grime: a black, ingrained dust such as soot
• Soil: the mix of clay, sand, and humus which lies on top of bedrock. The term 'soil' may be used to refer to unwanted substances or dirt that are deposited onto surfaces such as clothing.^[1]

Etymology

The word dirt first appears in

A season of artworks and exhibits on the theme of dirt was sponsored by the Wellcome Trust in 2011. The centrepiece was an exhibition at the Wellcome Collection showing pictures and histories of notable dirt such as the great dust heaps at Euston and King's Cross in the 19th century and the Fresh Kills landfill which was once the world's largest landfill.^[3]

Cleaning

When things are dirty, they are usually cleaned with solutions like

In a commercial setting, a dirty appearance gives a bad impression. An example of such a place is a restaurant. The dirt in such cases may be classified as temporary, permanent, and deliberate. Temporary dirt is streaks and detritus that may be removed by ordinary daily cleaning. Permanent dirt is ingrained stains or physical damage to an object, which requires major renovation to remove. Deliberate dirt is that which results from design decisions such as decor in dirty orange or grunge styling.[5]

Disposal

As cities developed, arrangements were made for the disposal of trash through the use of waste management services. In the United Kingdom, the

Modern society is now thought to be more hygienic. Lack of contact with microorganisms in dirt when growing up is hypothesised to be the cause of the epidemic of allergies such as asthma.^[7] The human immune system requires activation and exercise in order to function properly and exposure to dirt may achieve this.^[8] For example, the presence of staphylococcus bacteria on the surface of the skin regulates the inflammation which results from injury.^[9]

Even when no visible dirt is present, contamination by microorganisms, especially

People and animals may eat dirt. This is thought to be caused by mineral deficiency^{[citation needed]} and so the condition is commonly seen in pregnant women.^[11]

Neurosis

People may become obsessed by dirt and engage in fantasies and compulsive behaviour about it, such as making and consuming mud pies and pastries.^[12] The source of such thinking may be genetic, as the emotion of disgust is common and the location for this activity in the brain has been proposed.^[13]

See also

• Cleaner

References

Further reading

• Terence McLaughlin (1971), Dirt: a social history as seen through the uses and abuses of dirt, Stein and Day,
  ISBN 9780812814125
• Suellen Hoy (1996), Chasing Dirt: The American Pursuit of Cleanliness, Oxford University Press,
  ISBN 9780195111286
• Pamela Janet Wood (2005), Dirt: filth and decay in a new world arcadia, Auckland University Press,
  ISBN 9781869403485
• Ben Campkin, Rosie Cox (2007), Dirt: new geographies of cleanliness and contamination, I.B. Tauris,
  ISBN 9781845116729
• Virginia Smith; et al. (2011), Dirt: The Filthy Reality of Everyday Life, Profile Books Limited,
  ISBN 9781846684791

External links

Look up squalid or squalor in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Media related to Dirtiness at Wikimedia Commons
• Dirt season at the Wellcome Collection