Dravidian movement
The Dravidian movement in
Madras by C. Natesa Mudaliar along with T. M. Nair and P. Theagaraya Chetty as a result of a series of non-Brahmin conferences and meetings in the presidency. Communal division between Brahmins and non-Brahmins began in the presidency during the late-19th and early-20th century, mainly due to caste prejudices and disproportionate Brahmins representation in government jobs. The Justice Party's foundation marked the culmination of several efforts to establish an organisation to represent the non-Brahmins in Madras Presidency.[1][2][3]
Background
Brahmin/non-Brahmin divide
| This article is part of a series on the |
Dravidian Politics |
|---|
The
Home Rule for India movement. The following table shows the distribution of selected jobs among different caste groups in 1912 in Madras Presidency.[4][6]
| Caste group | Deputy collectors | Sub judges | District Munsifs | % of total male population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brahmins | 77 | 15 | 93 | 3.2 |
| non-Brahmin Hindus | 30 | 3 | 25 | 85.6 |
| Muslims | 15 | nil | 2 | 6.6 |
| Indian Christians | 7 | nil | 5 | 2.7 |
| Europeans and Eurasians | 11 | nil | 3 | .1 |
The dominance of Brahmins was also evident in the membership of the
Salem nationalists led by C. Rajagopalachari. A fourth non-Brahmin faction rose to compete with them and became the Justice party.[8]
References
- ISBN 978-0-19-539245-6. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
- ^ "A century of reform The Dravidian movement has left its progressive imprint on Tamil Nadu". Manuraj Shunmugasundaram. The Indian Express. 22 November 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
- ^ "The Inner Grammar Of Dissent Lives". K.S. Chalam. Outlook India. 12 December 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
- ^ a b Irschick 1969, pp. 1–26
- ISBN 0-8223-0766-9.
- ^ K. Nambi Arooran (1980). Tamil renaissance and Dravidian nationalism, 1905–1944. p. 37.
- ^ Rajaraman 1988, ch. 2 (The Genesis of the Justice Party)
- ^ Irschick 1986, pp. 30–31
Works cited
- Irschick, Eugene F. (1969). Political and Social Conflict in South India; The non-Brahmin movement and Tamil Separatism, 1916–1929. University of California Press. OCLC 249254802.
- Irschick, Eugene F. (1986). Tamil revivalism in the 1930s (PDF). Madras: Cre-A. OCLC 15015416. Archived from the original(PDF) on 10 June 2010. Retrieved 4 March 2010.
- Rajaraman, P. (1988). The Justice Party: a historical perspective, 1916–37. Poompozhil Publishers. OCLC 20453430. Archived from the originalon 21 July 2011.