Eastphalia
German Kingdom
Eastphalia (
Gaue (shires) of the historic stem duchy of Saxony, roughly confined by the River Leine in the west and the Elbe and Saale in the east. The territory corresponds with modern southeastern Lower Saxony, western Saxony-Anhalt, and northern Thuringia. Together with Westphalia, central Angria, and Nordalbingia
, it was one of the four main Saxon administrative regions.
Etymology
The name Ostfalen probably means "east plain". Falen is a Germanic word meaning "flat", "level" and "plain" and is related to the
Cologne, the name Eastphalia gradually fell out of use when the Saxon stem duchy dissolved upon the deposition of Duke Henry the Lion in 1180.[1]
German
West Low German dialect. With the rise of racial studies in the 19th and early 20th century, mention began to be made – notably by Hans F. K. Günther[2] – of a "Phalian" subtype (fälische Rasse) of an "Aryan race
", which he stated was the primary subtype found in Germany.
History
With
Engern
.
The Eastphalian territory at the
St. Mary's Cathedral and St. Michael's Church at Hildesheim. As the Eastphalian territory bordered on the lands of the Polabian Slavs beyond the Elbe and Saale rivers, it became the starting point of the German Ostsiedlung ("settling of the East") started by the invasions of King Henry and continued by the Saxon margraves
.
After the
Halberstadt and Quedlinburg Abbey. The Saxon tradition was perpetuated by the Ascanian dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg, who secured for themselves the electoral dignity and later established the Electorate of Saxony
on the upper Elbe.
Subdivisions
Eastphalia consisted of several Gaue. The exact list is not known for sure and differs among authorities. From North to South, the Gaue were (where available, modernized names are used):
- Engern, not Eastphalia)
- Drevani (a Slavic tribe)
- Chojna (sometimes considered part of Drevani)
- Osterwalde (Salzwedel)
- Gretinge (Hohne)
- Mulbeze
- Balsamgau (Stendal)
- Flutwidde
- Astfala (Hildesheim)
- Derlingau (Evessen)
- Nordthüringgau
- Gudingau (Elze)
- Valothungo (sometimes considered part of Gudingau)
- Scotelingo (sometimes considered part of Gudingau)
- Aringo (sometimes considered part of Gudingau)
- Flenithi (sometimes considered part of Gudingau)
- Suilbergau
- Ambergau (sometimes considered part of Salzgau)
- Salzgau (Salzgitter)
- Densigau (sometimes considered part of Salzgau)
- Harzgau (Halberstadt)
- Schwabengau
- Hassegau (Mansfeld)
- Friesenfeld (sometimes considered part of Hassegau)
References
- ^ a b c Dieter Thierbach, Rätsel des Alltags: Jeder kennt Westfalen – gibt es auch Ostfalen? Archived 2010-10-28 at the Wayback Machine, RP-online.de (August 9, 2005). Retrieved February 2, 2011. (in German)
- ^ Hans F. K. Günther, Rassenkunde des deutschen Volkes, München (J. F. Lehmann) 1922.
- ISBN 978-3-638-66587-2Retrieved October 12, 2009. (in German)
- ^ "Ein Blick in die Geschichte unserer Region − Die Zeit der Franken"[permanent dead link] radio-unna.de Quote: "Nach der Zwangschristianisierung wird Sachsen in Gaue eingeteilt, die als weiterentwickeltes Stammesrecht (lex saxonum) von Gaugrafen verwaltet werden." Retrieved October 12, 2009. (in German)
- ^ Zeittafel der germanischen Völkerwanderung Webarchiv. Quote: Blutgericht von Verden, Karl d.G. läßt 4.500 Sachsen enthaupten; 10.000 ins das [sic] Frankenreic [sic] deportieren, Zwangschristianisierung der Sachsen". Retrieved March 2, 2010. (in German)
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