Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer
Sir Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer | |
---|---|
endocrine | |
Awards | Royal Medal (1902) Copley Medal (1924) Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh (1934) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Physiology |
Institutions | University of Edinburgh University College London |
Doctoral advisor | William Sharpey |
He is regarded as a founder of
Schafer coined the word "
Biography
He was born Edward Albert Schäfer, in Hornsey in London, the third son of Jessie Brown and James William Henry Schäfer, a merchant born in Hamburg, who had come to England as a young man, and was a naturalised citizen. His mother was English. The family lived in Highgate in north-west London.[4]
Edward was educated at Clewer House School. From 1868 he studied medicine at University College London, where he was taught by the eminent physiologist William Sharpey. He became the first Sharpey Scholar in 1873.[5]
In 1877 Sharpey-Schafer reported to the
Sharpey-Schafer was appointed Assistant Professor of Practical Physiology in 1874 and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1878 when he was 28 years old. He was Fullerian Professor at the Royal Institution and became Jodrell Professor at UCL in 1883, a position he held until 1899 when he was appointed to the chair of physiology at the University of Edinburgh (replacing the late William Rutherford[7]) where he remained until his retirement in 1933 and becoming Emeritus Professor thereafter. His chair was filled by Prof Ivan De Burgh Daly.[8]
In 1900 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Sir William Turner, Alexander Crum Brown, Sir John Murray, and Alexander Buchan. He served as the Society's Vice President from 1913 to 1917 and as President 1929 to 1934. He won the Society's Neill Prize for 1919 to 1921.[4]
In 1902 he commissioned the Scottish architect Robert Lorimer to design Marly Knowe, a substantial Arts and Crafts villa in the coastal town of North Berwick, east of Edinburgh.[9]
Schafer was a founding member of the
He was knighted by King George V in 1913.
He died at home in North Berwick on 29 March 1935.[13]
Family
He was married twice, firstly in 1878 to Maud Dixey and after her death in 1896, in 1900 he married Ethel Maud Roberts. There were four children by his first marriage, however, he outlived three of them: his eldest daughter died in 1905 and both his sons died in action in World War I.
Following the death of his eldest son, John Sharpey Schafer, the name of ‘Sharpey', which had been given as a middle name, was hyphenated to Schafer, becoming thereafter (from 1918) Sharpey-Schafer. This was both in memory of his son, and also to perpetuate the name of his teacher, William Sharpey.[14]
His grandson, Edward Peter Sharpey-Schafer, was Professor of Medicine at St Thomas' Hospital, London from 1948 until his death in 1963.
His sister married James Cossar Ewart.[15]
Students
His students included
Works
Besides valuable papers on muscular structure, on the chemistry of blood proteids, on absorption, and on the rhythm of voluntary contraction, he wrote:
- A Course of Practical Histology (1877)
- Essentials of Histology (1885; sixth edition, 1902)
- Advanced Text-Book of Physiology by British Physiologists (1898)
- Experimental Physiology (1910)
He edited Quain's Elements of Anatomy (with G. D. Thane, 8th, 9th, and 10th editions).
Terms
- Schaefer's method — (artificial respiration) – Patient prone with forehead on one of his arms: straddle across patient with knees on either side of his hips, and press with both hands firmly upon the back over the lower ribs; then raise your body slowly, at the same time relaxing the pressure with your hands. Repeat this forward and backward movement about every five seconds.
- Dorland's Medical Dictionary(1938)
References
- .
- ^ S2CID 23147853.
- doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/35967. (Subscription or UK public library membershiprequired.)
- ^ ISBN 0-902-198-84-X. Archived from the original(PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
- PMID 20778992.
- ^ Wilkinson, Alec, "Illuminating the Brain's 'Utter Darkness'" (review of Benjamin Ehrlich, The Brain in Search of Itself: Santiago Ramón y Cajal and the Story of the Neuron, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2023, 447 pp.; and Timothy J. Jorgensen, Spark: The Life of Electricity and the Electricity of Life, Princeton University Press, 2021, 436 pp.), The New York Review of Books, vol. LXX, no. 2 (February 9, 2023), pp. 32, 34–35. (information cited, on pp. 32 and 34.)
- ^ Long, Patricia (6 August 2013). "Sutherland Simpson: From Saraquoy to Cornell". Frontiers Magazine.
- ISBN 090219884X. Archived from the original(PDF) on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
- ^ Buildings of Scotland: Lothian, by Colin McWilliam
- .
- New International Encyclopedia
- ^ "President's address and the sectional addresses. 1831-". London. 20 August 1912 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "Prof. Sir Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer from The Gazetteer for Scotland". www.scottish-places.info.
- PMC 2460276.
- ISBN 0-902-198-84-X. Archived from the original(PDF) on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ "Notable Fellows. Sir James Davidson Stuart Cameron (1901–1969)" (PDF). rcpe.ac.uk. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
Further reading
- Sykes, Alan H.: "Sharpey's Men" in Sharpey's fibres : the life of William Sharpey, the father of modern physiology in England, page 132-135. York : William Sessions, 2001.
- Krediet, C. T. P.; Wieling, W. (2008). "Edward P. Sharpey-Schafer was right: Evidence for systemic vasodilatation as a mechanism of hypotension in cough syncope". Europace. 10 (4): 486–488. PMID 18310080.
- Writer, D. (2004). "Sir Edward Sharpey-Schafer and his simple and efficient method of performing artificial respiration". Resuscitation. 61 (2): 113–116. PMID 15135186.
- Sparrow, E. P.; Finger, S. (2001). "Edward Albert Schäfer (Sharpey-Schafer) and his Contributions to Neuroscience: Commemorating of the 150th Anniversary of his Birth". Journal of the History of the Neurosciences. 10 (1): 41–57. S2CID 20437970.
- Hill, A. V. (1976). "E Sharpey-Schafer and the jubilee of the Physiological Society proceedings". The Journal of Physiology. 263 (1): 54P–56P. PMID 796429.
- McMichael, J. (1964). "Edward Peter Sharpey-Schafer". British Heart Journal. 26 (3): 430–432. PMID 14156091.
- "E.p. Sharpey-Schafer". British Medical Journal. 2 (5365): 1135–1136. 1963. PMID 14060151.
- "Edward Peter Sharpey-Schafer". Lancet. 2 (7314): 951–953. 1963. PMID 14054462.
- "Sir Edward Sharpey Schafer, F.r.s". British Medical Journal. 2 (3234): 1237. 1922. PMID 20770953.