Francis G. Slack

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Francis Goddard Slack (November 1, 1897 – February 2, 1985) was an American physicist. He was a physics teacher, researcher, and administrator in academia who was renowned for placing equal emphasis on teaching and on research.

Education

Slack was born in Superior, Wisconsin on November 1, 1897. He received his B.S. degree from the University of Georgia in 1918. Thereupon, he entered the United States Army, where he was trained and commissioned as a pilot; he did not see combat in World War I, as the war ended before his graduation from pilot training. In 1921, he entered Columbia University; he received his Ph.D. degree in physics in 1926. Between his entry and graduation from Columbia, Slack spent a period of study and research with Arnold Sommerfeld at his Institute of Theoretical Physics at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.[1][2][3][4]

Career

Slack remained at Columbia for a period after receipt of his doctorate. In 1928, he became an associate professor of physics at Vanderbilt University, where his focus was on strengthening both teaching and research. At Vanderbilt, he organized and equipped an advanced laboratory in which students could learn the fundamentals of electrical measurement in the performance of the famous experiments which measured the fundamental constants such as the charge of the electron (q), the electron's Mass-to-charge ratio (m/q), and Planck's constant (h).[3][5] In 1931 he was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society.[6]

In 1939, Slack was appointed Professor of Physics and head of the Vanderbilt Department of Physics. He advocated and practiced equal emphasis on teaching and on research in his academic career as a physics teacher, researcher, and administrator. While at Vanderbilt, Slack maintained ties with his alma mater Columbia University.[3]

In December 1938, the German chemists

Nobel Prize for Chemistry for the discovery of nuclear fission. Some historians have documented the history of the discovery of nuclear fission and believe Meitner should have been awarded the Nobel Prize with Hahn.[10][11][12]

Even before it was published, Meitner's and Frisch's interpretation of the work of Hahn and Strassmann crossed the Atlantic Ocean with Niels Bohr, who was to lecture at Princeton University. Isidor Isaac Rabi and Willis Lamb, two Columbia University physicists working at Princeton, heard the news and carried it back to Columbia. Rabi said he told Fermi; Fermi gave credit to Lamb. It was soon clear to a number of scientists at Columbia that they should try to detect the energy released in the nuclear fission of uranium from neutron bombardment. On 25 January 1939, Slack was a member of the experimental team at Columbia University which conducted the first nuclear fission experiment in the United States,[13] which was conducted in the basement of Pupin Hall; the other members of the team were Herbert L. Anderson, Eugene T. Booth, John R. Dunning, Enrico Fermi, and G. Norris Glasoe.[14][15]

During the Manhattan Project, Slack returned to Columbia to work with Dunning, who was conducting pioneering work on gaseous diffusion to separate uranium isotopes; others working on the project included Booth, Henry A. Boorse, Willard F. Libby, and Alfred O. C. Nier.[14][16]

Slack was on the Editorial Advisory Board (formerly called Associate Editors) of the American Journal of Physics from 1941 to 1943.[17]

Selected Literature

Honors

Bibliography

  • Bromley, David Allan Francis G. Slack Lectures (Vanderbilt University, department of physics and astronomy, 1979) — Francis G. Lecture delivered by Bromley
  • Hamilton, Joseph H., Robert T. Lagemann, and Ernest A. Jones Francis G. Slack: Distinguished Vanderbilt Scientist

Notes

  1. ^ Francis G. Slack Archived 2003-07-17 at the Wayback Machine – Letter of appreciation to Arnold Sommerfeld, 22 July 1923.
  2. ^ Pauling, Linus Arnold Sommerfeld: 1868 – 1951, Science Volume 114, Number 2963, 383-384 (1951).
  3. ^ a b c d Francis G. Slack Collection Archived 2006-08-28 at the Wayback Machine – 1928-1978, Vanderbilt University.
  4. .
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  6. ^ "APS Fellow Archive". American Physical Society. (search on year 1931 and institution Vanderbilt University)
  7. S2CID 5920336
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  8. .
  9. . [The experiment for this letter to the editor was conducted on 13 January 1939; see Richard Rhodes The Making of the Atomic Bomb 263 and 268 (Simon and Schuster, 1986).]
  10. ^ Ruth Lewin Sime From Exceptional Prominence to Prominent Exception: Lise Meitner at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry Ergebnisse 24 Forschungsprogramm Geschichte der Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft im Nationalsozialismus (2005).
  11. OCLC 42855101
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  14. ^
    S2CID 119363433. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 2004-12-30.
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  16. ^ Boney, F. N. and Michael Adams A Pictorial History of the University of Georgia 114 (University of Georgia, 2000).
  17. ^ AJP Editors Archived 2008-09-07 at the Wayback Machine.
  18. ^ Francis G. Slack Award
  19. ^ APS Newsletter – Southeastern Section of the APS.