GRB 090423
Event type | Gamma-ray burst |
---|---|
Constellation | Leo |
Right ascension | 09h 55m 33.08s |
Declination | +18° 08′ 58.9″ |
Distance | 30,000,000,000 ly (9.2×109 pc) |
Redshift | 8.0 ≤ z ≤ 8.3 |
Other designations | GRB 090423A, GRB 090423, Fermi bn090423330 |
Related media on Commons | |
GRB 090423 was a
A gamma-ray burst is an extremely
, enable follow-up study of the event.The finite speed of light means that GRB 090423 is also one of the earliest objects ever detected for which a spectroscopic redshift has been measured. The universe was only 630 million years old when the light from GRB 090423 was emitted, and its detection confirms that massive stars were born and dying even very early on in the life of the universe. GRB 090423 and similar events provide a unique means of studying the early universe, as few other objects of that era are bright enough to be seen with today's telescopes.
Discovery and observation
On April 23, 2009, at 07:55:19
Swift localized the field in which GRB 090423 occurred, and 77 seconds after the burst,
The intergovernmental astronomy organisation, European Southern Observatory (ESO) operates the Very Large Telescope that obtained the spectrum reported by Tanvir et al.[8] The GRB was not visible in Chile when Swift first detected the burst at 07:55 UTC, but was the following day at 03:00 UTC, which enabled the Gamma-Ray Burst Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (GROND) at La Silla Observatory to make observations of the burst, and find a photometric redshift consistent with the value reported elsewhere.[9][10] The last observers to gather data during the event was the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) observatory. The observation of GRB 090423 by CARMA was taken at a frequency of 92.5 GHz. While the afterglow was not detected, they were able to place a 3-sigma upper limit of 0.7 mJy on the flux density of the afterglow.[11]
Observation history
Time (UTC) | Details of the sequence of GRB 090423 observations[10] |
---|---|
April 23, 2009 07:55 UTC | Swift starts detecting burst, GRB 090423 is not yet visible in Chile
|
April 23, 2009 07:58 UTC | Several groups in the United States begin their observations of the GRB |
April 23, 2009 08:16 UTC | First observations of an infrared afterglow by Tanvir's team using UKIRT in Mauna Kea, Hawaii (http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/9202.gcn3) triggered via the eSTAR project |
April 23, 2009 15:00 UTC | Using Gemini-North, Cucchiara's team also in Hawaii, reports a wrong photometry claiming that z=9 (http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/9209.gcn3) |
April 23, 2009 20:30 UTC | Cucchiara retracts report and revises photometry placing a constrain on the redshift between 7 and 9 (http://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/gcn3/9213.gcn3) |
April 23, 2009 22:00 UTC | An Italian team led by Thöne using Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) starts its observation
|
April 23, 2009 23:00 UTC | The GRB now becomes visible in Chile and the Gamma-Ray Burst Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (GROND) at La Silla Observatory, observes at 7 bands simultaneously |
April 24, 2009 01:30 UTC | Tanvir's team using the Very Large Telescope (VLT) starts its observations |
April 24, 2009 03:00 UTC | Olivares' team in Chile report a photometric redshift of z=8 (with errors +0.5, −1.2) |
April 24, 2009 03:15 UTC | The Italian team led by Thöne reports a spectroscopic redshift of z=7.6 |
April 24, 2009 07:30 UTC | Tanvir reports a spectroscopic redshift of z=8.2 |
April 24, 2009 14:00 UTC | Italian team revises their spectroscopic redshift to z=8.1 |
April 25, 2009 03:45 UTC | Krimm's team using BAT released a lag analysis where long or short burst was inconclusive
|
April 25, 2009 10:40 UTC | VLA non-detection |
April 25, 2009 18:30 UTC | Olivares' team at GROND releases final photometry at z=8.0 (with errors +0.4, −0.8) |
April 28, 2009 00:30 UTC | PdB observations led by Castro-Tirado on 23–24 April able to detect the mm afterglow at a flux density of 0.2 mJy at 90 GHz |
April 28, 2009 02:00 UTC | Non-detection by CARMA ( >0.7 mJy) at 92.5 GHz |
Significance
With a
Joshua Bloom of the
See also
References
- Bibcode:2009GCN..9215....1O.
- ^ Bibcode:2009GCN..9198....1K.
- Bibcode:2009GCN..9202....1T.
- Bibcode:2009GCN..9219....1T.
- S2CID 205218350.
- ^ Bibcode:2009GCN..9216....1T.
- S2CID 205218263.
- ^ "The Most Distant Object Yet Discovered in the Universe". European Southern Observatory (ESO). Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "GRB 090423: GROND detection and preliminary photo-z". GCN CIRCULAR no. 9215. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ a b "History of Event". Details on GRB 090423. 2009.
- ^ "GRB 090423: CARMA mm observations". Poonam Chandra at U Virginia/NRAO. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- Bibcode:2009GCN..9209....1C.
- ^ Reddy, Francis (2009-04-28). "New Gamma-Ray Burst Smashes Cosmic Distance Record". NASA. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
- ^ "The Most Distant Object Yet Discovered in the Universe" (Press release). ESO European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere. 2009-04-28. Archived from the original on 2009-05-01. Retrieved 2009-05-01.
- ^ "Astronomical Artifact: Most Distant Object Yet Detected Carries Clues from Early Universe". Scientific American. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "The Farthest Thing Ever Seen". Sky Publishing, Sky & Telescope. Archived from the original on 2012-09-14. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ a b c Rachel Courtland (2009-04-27). "Most distant object in the universe spotted". New Scientist. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "Breaking News". Sol Station: Gamma-Ray Bursts 000131–090423. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "More Observations of GRB 090423, the Most Distant Known Object in the Universe". Universe Today. 28 October 2009. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "GRB 090423 goes Supernova in a galaxy, far, far away". Zimbio. Retrieved 2010-02-23.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "GRB 090423 explosion '13 billion years old'". News.com.au. 2009-04-29. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "Scientists spot oldest ever object in universe". Mixx.com. Archived from the original on 2020-01-02. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (29 April 2009). "GRB 090423: The Farthest Explosion Yet Measured". Astronomy Picture of the Day. NASA. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "Scientists spot oldest ever object in universe". CNN.com. 2009-04-29. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
- S2CID 19568351.
- ^ "Cosmic Record". NASA. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "GRB 080913". CERN. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "NASA's Swift Catches Farthest Ever Gamma-Ray Burst". NASA. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "New Gamma-Ray Burst Smashes Cosmic Distance Record". NASA. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ "TNG caught the farthest GRB observed ever". Fundación Galileo Galilei. 2009. Archived from the original on 2012-05-08. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
- ^ Stage, Mie & Fynbo, Johan. "Hvor meget har universet udvidet sig på 13,1 mia. lysår?" Archived 2015-04-20 at the Wayback Machine (How much did the universe expand in 13By?) Ingeniøren/Niels Bohr Institute, 13 April 2015. Accessed: 13 April 2015.
External links
- Video of GRB 090423 on Youtube
- Slashdot article "Most Distant Object Yet Detected, Bagged By Galileo Scope"
- Swift Mission at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
- GRB 090423 on WikiSky