Gentrification of Atlanta
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Since 2010, corporate investors have served as a major catalyst for gentrification in Atlanta. Atlanta has one of the most appealing real estate markets in the nation which attracts corporate investors from around the world.[15][16][17] Over 40% of single-family homes in the Atlanta area were bought by corporate investors in third quarter 2021. Atlanta's mayor, Andre Dickens, proposed regulations in an attempt to limit the number of homes corporate investors can buy because their buying power could put the average resident at a disadvantage in negotiating to own property. Also Mayor Dickens committed to adding and maintaining at least 20,000 affordable housing units by 2026.[18][19][20]
In 2022,
Gentrification by area
Southeast Atlanta
Many of Atlanta's neighborhoods experienced massive
Throughout the 1990s and 2000s,
The "poster child" for gentrification in Atlanta today is the Old Fourth Ward. Gentrification of the Ward began in the 1980s, and continued at a more rapid pace during the first decade of the 2000s. New apartment and condo complexes with ground-floor retail sprung up, particularly along the BeltLine, Ponce de Leon Avenue, North Avenue, and Highland Avenue. New residents were attracted to the neighborhood due to its close proximity to Downtown, Midtown, Inman Park, and Virginia-Highland, its urban vibe, its walkability, and its cultural offerings. By the 2010s, Old Fourth Ward had become one of the most dynamic and sought-after areas of the city, winning Creative Loafing's 2010 award for "Best Bet for Next Hot 'Hood".[31] The area, which remains majority black, has seen a huge influx of whites in recent decades. The trend began in the 1980s, and from 1980 to 2000, the area west of Boulevard went from 12% to 30% white and the area east of Boulevard went from 2% to 20% white.
In 2010, Creative Loafing awarded Old Fourth Ward "Best Bet for Next Hot 'Hood."[31] In 2011, the neighborhood celebrated the opening of the Historic Fourth Ward Park and saw the kickoff of the Ponce City Market project.
Northwest Atlanta
The far Northwest Atlanta is experiencing major pressure from neighboring
Southwest Atlanta
Southwest Atlanta is the area between I-75 and I-20 along with the neighborhoods west of Summerhill.
South Atlanta
South Atlanta is the part of Atlanta typically Southeast of I-75 and West of Moreland Avenue, South of Grant Park, including McDonough Blvd. Neighborhoods include:
Condemnation
Nathan McCall in his novel Them, describes the concerns of existing working-class black residents in the Old Fourth Ward in light of increasing numbers of more affluent white families moving into their historically black neighborhood.[33] The Atlanta Progressive News regularly runs stories expressing concerns about the displacement of existing residents and the lack of "affordable" housing as a result of gentrification.[34] The gentrification of the city’s neighborhoods has been the topic of social commentary, including The Atlanta Way, a documentary detailing the negative effects gentrification has had on the city and its inhabitants.
Displacement of existing residents
Factors
It is difficult to isolate one factor of gentrification, since they often feed others. A Georgia State student studied gentrification in the Pittsburgh neighborhood of Atlanta (between Adair Park and Peoplestown) and came up with the following causes of displacement generally lead to gentrification. Some additional information is available from the Annie E Casey foundation, again on Pittsburgh. Pittsburgh is a good neighborhood for studying gentrification because like much of NPU-V, it is ground zero for what is expected to be the next wave with planners and researchers working hard to make sure displacement is not so rampant as in other parts of Atlanta.[35][36]
- Increased costs to live in neighborhood.
- Higher rents.
- Increasing land values.
- Higher taxes.
- Investor flipping
- Decreased affordable housing inventory
- Increasing numbers of vacant properties.
- Redevelopment of affordable housing stock with less affordable and infill development.
- Condemnation
- Uneven access to capital.
- Political displacement: Existing residents losing stake in clubs and organizations, causing some to move out.
Remediation of displacement
With the understanding that gentrification is a likely inevitable force for the beltline area: the Anne E. Casey Foundation along with land banks, churches, community leaders, and other organizations are working to ensure that neighborhoods in the Southwest do not experience the same level of community displacement as in the Eastern parts of Atlanta. This involves efforts such as acquiring vacant homes to revitalize them and move in stable working-class citizens with restrictions on future sale price, workforce training, tax stabilization, and education on property values to avoid homeowners selling to flippers.[36]
Positive impact of gentrification
Gentrification in Atlanta has improved or completely revitalized many neighborhoods that were dealing with high levels of crime, loitering, littering,
See also
- Gentrification of Chicago
- Gentrification in Philadelphia
- Gentrification of Portland, Oregon
- Gentrification of San Francisco
- Gentrification of Vancouver
References
- ^ "The US Census in the Past and Present" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 8, 2011. Retrieved February 5, 2016.
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau
- ^ Galloway, Jim (March 23, 2011). "A census speeds Atlanta toward racially neutral ground | Political Insider". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on September 13, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
- ^ Dewan, Shaila (March 11, 2006). "Gentrification Changing Face of New Atlanta". The New York Times.
- ^ "Urban centers draw more young, educated adults". USA Today. April 1, 2011.
- ^ Schneider, Craig (April 13, 2011). "Young professionals lead surge of intown living". ajc.com. Retrieved June 27, 2011.
- ^ Deirdre Oakley; Erin Ruel; G. Elton Wilson. "A Choice with No Options: Atlanta Public Housing Residents' Lived Experiences in the Face of Relocation" (PDF). Georgia State University. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 18, 2014.
- ^ Husock, Howard. "Reinventing Public Housing: Is the Atlanta Model Right for Your City?" (PDF). Manhattan Institute for Policy Research. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 26, 2012. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ^ US Census Bureau 1990 census - total number of housing units in Atlanta city
- ^ "Atlanta BeltLine". Archived from the original on April 30, 2012.
- ^ Martin, Timothy W. (April 16, 2011). "The New New South". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ "8 Cities with Surprising Job Growth". Yahoo Finance.
- ^ "Expect 3 million more in metro Atlanta by the year 2040". Archived from the original on June 15, 2010. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
- ^ https://www.ajc.com/news/breaking-news/atlanta-ranked-fourth-fastest-gentrifying-city/E74wz9VxF5TxWcsUinKRmK/
- ^ "Economist publication names Atlanta most livable city in U.S." August 25, 2022.
- ^ "Why Silicon Valley Loves Atlanta".
- ^ "Atlanta's Housing Market Will Lead U.S. In 2023".
- ^ "How Andre Dickens confronted Atlanta's housing crisis in 2022—and what's next". December 30, 2022.
- ^ "Atlanta's Mayor Calls for Limits on Investors Buying up Homes". Bloomberg. June 15, 2022.
- ^ "As hedge funds buy homes in Atlanta and beyond, Congress considers restrictions". December 19, 2022.
- ^ "Census: No more Black majority in Atlanta". August 26, 2021.
- ^ "In Atlanta, reverse migration is beginning to skew suburbs blue". ABC News.
- ^ Williams, King (March 3, 2022). "What makes this era of Atlanta's gentrification different?". Atlanta Civic Circle.
- ^ "Atlanta homes considered unaffordable for average buyer, Fed data says". April 11, 2022.
- ^ Malik, Alia. "Housing shortage exacerbates affordability problems in Atlanta suburbs". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution.
- ^ "5 Things to Know about Rising Rents in Metro Atlanta - ARC". Arc.
- ^ https://capway.com/learnmoney/content/v5V9lpakmx/Atlanta-Housing-Rent-Vouchers-Refused-by-Landlords
- ^ https://www.atlantanewsfirst.com/2022/05/13/atlanta-seeing-second-highest-inflation-rate-country/
- ^ Emily Kleine (January 27, 2001). "Virginia-Highland: Classic homes and convivial atmosphere reel 'em in". Creative Loafing.
- ^ Johnson, Tee (August 2, 2021). "Where Are Atlanta's Most Gentrified Areas?".
- ^ a b ""Best Bet For Next Hot 'Hood: Old Fourth Ward", Creative Loafing, 2010".
- ^ ""Adair Park: Newcomers rediscover the charms of this southwest hood", Creative Loafing, October 7, 2000". Archived from the original on November 20, 2009.
- ^ "Them", Amazon.com
- ^ Atlanta Progressive News: search for term "gentrification" Archived February 22, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Stakeholders' Perspective of Risk of Gentrification in Atlanta's Pittsburgh Neighborhood".
- ^ a b Pittsburgh Preservation Archived 2012-10-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ https://atlantaciviccircle.org/2023/05/11/whats-in-atlanta-public-schools-1-66-billion-budget/#:~:text=APS%20per%2Dstudent%20spending%20is,average%20of%20%2411%2C200%20per%20pupil.
- ^ https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023/public-school-spending.html#:~:text=MAY%2018%2C%202023%20%E2%80%94%20Nationally%2C,from%20%2413%2C501%20in%20FY%202020..
- ^ https://www.atlantapublicschools.us/cms/lib/GA01000924/Centricity/ModuleInstance/1089/CostPerStudent.pdf