Gertse County

Coordinates: 33°45′53″N 84°07′22″E / 33.76472°N 84.12278°E / 33.76472; 84.12278
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Gertse County
སྒེར་རྩེ་རྫོང་། • 改则县
Gêrzê, Gaize, Kai-tse
Postal code
859200[7]
Websitegz.al.gov.cn (in Chinese)
Gertse County
Chinese name
Tibetan
སྒེར་རྩེ་རྫོང་།

Gertse County[8] (Tibetan: སྒེར་རྩེ་རྫོང་།), Gêrzê County[7][9][10][11] or Gaize County (Chinese: 改则县)[12] is a county located in Ngari Prefecture in the northwest of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, bordering Xinjiang to the north.[3]

Name

Gêrzê is the

Tibetan word for a special type of local-style dwelling built on the peak of a mountain.[1]

History

The area was originally inhabited by nomadic tribes.[3]

In the aftermath of the annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China in the early 1950s, People's Liberation Army troops were stationed in Gêrzê.[13]

On May 3, 1960, the Gêrzê County Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was established. On October 1, 1960, the Gêrzê County government was established.[1][2][3][4]

At 2:01 AM on February 21, 2020, a 5.0 magnitude earthquake struck in Gêrzê County (epicenter: 34°34′N 85°41′E / 34.56°N 85.68°E / 34.56; 85.68).[14]

At 2:12 AM on March 10, 2020, a 5.0 magnitude earthquake struck in Gêrzê County (epicenter: 32°50′N 85°31′E / 32.84°N 85.52°E / 32.84; 85.52) followed by a 3.7 magnitude and a 3.4 magnitude aftershock. No casualties were reported.[5]

On May 8, 2020, eight suspects were arrested and eighty-nine antelope skins were confiscated in connection with reported Tibetan antelope poaching in the county.[15]

Geography

Gêrzê County is bordered to the north by

Thermal springs in Gêrzê County include Lugu[10] (70 °C; 33°24′24″N 84°08′12″E / 33.40667°N 84.13667°E / 33.40667; 84.13667; altitude 4,528 m (14,856 ft)), Nagezhong (60 °C; 32°18′N 84°12′E / 32.300°N 84.200°E / 32.300; 84.200; altitude 4,550 m (14,930 ft)) and Yarlhaingari (60 °C; 33°00′48″N 86°01′36″E / 33.01333°N 86.02667°E / 33.01333; 86.02667; altitude 4,880 m (16,010 ft)).[17]

Climate

Gêrzê County has a

cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSk), with strong dry-winter subarctic climate
tendencies (Köppen: Dwc).

Climate data for Gêrzê (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 8.3
(46.9) 		10.5
(50.9) 		14.5
(58.1) 		15.9
(60.6) 		22.0
(71.6) 		26.1
(79.0) 		27.6
(81.7) 		25.0
(77.0) 		22.6
(72.7) 		17.2
(63.0) 		12.9
(55.2) 		8.3
(46.9) 		27.6
(81.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −2.7
(27.1) 		−0.3
(31.5) 		3.8
(38.8) 		8.5
(47.3) 		13.0
(55.4) 		18.2
(64.8) 		20.4
(68.7) 		18.6
(65.5) 		16.2
(61.2) 		8.6
(47.5) 		3.3
(37.9) 		−0.5
(31.1) 		8.9
(48.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −11.1
(12.0) 		−8.2
(17.2) 		−4.1
(24.6) 		0.7
(33.3) 		5.2
(41.4) 		10.5
(50.9) 		13.2
(55.8) 		11.9
(53.4) 		9.1
(48.4) 		0.6
(33.1) 		−5.8
(21.6) 		−9.9
(14.2) 		1.0
(33.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −20.3
(−4.5) 		−17.6
(0.3) 		−13.4
(7.9) 		−7.9
(17.8) 		−2.7
(27.1) 		3.1
(37.6) 		6.7
(44.1) 		6.2
(43.2) 		2.1
(35.8) 		−7.5
(18.5) 		−14.6
(5.7) 		−19.2
(−2.6) 		−7.1
(19.2)
Record low °C (°F) −44.0
(−47.2) 		−42.4
(−44.3) 		−32.1
(−25.8) 		−20.0
(−4.0) 		−15.7
(3.7) 		−9.2
(15.4) 		−3.3
(26.1) 		−3.6
(25.5) 		−9.5
(14.9) 		−23.5
(−10.3) 		−34.9
(−30.8) 		−44.6
(−48.3) 		−44.6
(−48.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.9
(0.04) 		0.6
(0.02) 		1.1
(0.04) 		2.2
(0.09) 		8.3
(0.33) 		25.1
(0.99) 		61.8
(2.43) 		71.6
(2.82) 		21.5
(0.85) 		3.7
(0.15) 		0.7
(0.03) 		0.2
(0.01) 		197.7
(7.8)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.9 3.9 7.3 13.6 15.4 6.7 1.6 0.7 0.5 55.6
Average snowy days 3.8 3.3 4.2 4.7 7.8 4.2 0.7 0.4 2.5 2.9 1.5 1.4 37.4
Average
relative humidity
(%) 		72 71 69 69 71 71 66 63 77 85 84 81 73
Mean monthly sunshine hours 232.4 222.9 258.2 271.1 305.2 303.0 284.1 257.4 280.4 295.7 260.1 253.0 3,223.5
Percent possible sunshine 72 71 69 69 71 71 66 63 77 85 84 81 73
Source: China Meteorological Administration[18][19]

Administrative divisions

Gêrzê county is divided into 1

townships:[4][20][2]

Name Chinese
Hanyu Pinyin
Tibetan
 Wylie
Town
Gêrzê Town 改则镇 Gǎizé zhèn སྒེར་རྩེ་གྲོང་རྡལ། sger rtse grong rdal
Townships
Oma Township[10]
 物玛乡 Wùmǎ xiāng འོ་མ་ཤང་། 'o ma shang
Shenchen Township 先遣乡 Xiānqiǎn xiāng ཤན་ཆེན་ཤང་། shan chen shang
Marmê Township
 麻米乡 Mámǐ xiāng མར་མེ་ཤང་། mar me shang
Dongco Township
 洞措乡 Dòngcuò xiāng སྟོང་མཚོ་ཤང་། stong mtsho shang
Gomo Township[10]
 古姆乡 Gǔmǔ xiāng ཁྲ་མདོངས་ཤང་། kra mdongs shang
Chabug Township
 察布乡 Chábù xiāng བྲག་པོ་ཤང་། brag po shang

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
200017,502—    
201022,177+2.40%
[4]

As of 1996[update], the residents of the county were

Tibetan.[4] In 1999, the population of the county was 16,623.[21]

Economy

The main economic activity in Gêrzê County is animal husbandry[5] which includes the raising of yak, dzo, sheep, goats, and horses. The county also has wild yak, wild donkeys, wild sheep, bears and Tibetan antelope.[3]

Transportation

  • Nagqu–Ngari Highway (黑阿公路)[3]

Historical maps

Historical maps including Gêrzê:

  • Map of the expeditions of Sven Hedin (1906-8) including the modern-day Gêrzê County area (RGS, early 20th century)
    Map of the expeditions of Sven Hedin (1906-8) including the modern-day Gêrzê County area (RGS, early 20th century)
  • Map including Gêrzê (labeled as Kai-tse) (DMA, 1975)
    Map including Gêrzê (labeled as Kai-tse) (
    DMA
    , 1975)
  • Map including Gêrzê (Kai-tse) (DMA, 1980)
    Map including Gêrzê (Kai-tse) (
    DMA
    , 1980)
  • Map of the Gêrzê area (DMA, 1990)
    Map of the Gêrzê area (
    DMA
    , 1990)
Maps of the modern-day Gêrzê County area, 1970s

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e 地区经济司 (30 November 2017). 西藏自治区阿里地区改则县. National Development and Reform Commission (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 25 May 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2020 – via Internet Archive. 改则县隶属阿里地区，全县总面积135025平方公里，辖1镇6乡。2015年总人口46930人。
    "改则"藏语意为"特殊的民居建于山顶"。1960年，设立改则县。
  2. ^ a b c 改则县大事记. 阿里地区改则县人民政府 (in Simplified Chinese). 19 March 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2020. ５月３日，中共改则县委员会在门董成立，{...}１０月１日，改则县人民政府在门董成立，{...}９月，改则县撤区并乡工作结束。撤区并乡后，改则县行政区调整为６乡１镇、７４个行政村、１个居委会。
  3. ^
    ISBN 978-7-5326-2859-9
    .
  4. ^ a b c d e f 日土县历史沿革 [Gêrzê County Historical Development] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 5 April 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2019. 2000年第五次人口普查，改则县常住总人口17502人，其中{...}2010年第六次人口普查，改则县常住总人口22177人，其中，改则镇5072人，物玛乡2315人，先遣乡1825人，麻米乡4363人，洞措乡2571人，古姆乡2312人，察布乡3719人。
  5. ^ a b c huaxia, ed. (10 March 2020). "No casualties reported from Tibet earthquakes". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on May 24, 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
  6. ^ "阿里地区第七次全国人口普查主要数据公报" (in Chinese). Administrative Commission of Ngari Prefecture. 2021-06-10.
  7. ^ a b Wu Zhenhua 武振华, ed. (1996). 西藏地名 [Place Names of the Xizang Autonomous Region].
    ISBN 7-80057-284-6
    . 改则 སྒེར་རྩེ Gêrzê 邮政编码：859200
  8. ^ Dorje, Gyurme (1999), Footprint Tibet Handbook with Bhutan (2nd ed.), Bath: Footprint Handbooks, p. 343,
    ISBN 0-8442-2190-2
    – via archive.org
  9. ^ Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development (2010). 建筑抗震设计规范 [GB50011-2010: Code for Seismic Design of Buildings] (in English and Simplified Chinese). Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press. p. 198 – via Google Books. Gêrzê County
  10. ^ a b c d Complete Atlas Of The World (3 ed.). Penguin Random House. 2016. p. 238 – via Internet Archive. Oma{...}Gêrzê{...}Lugu{...}Gomo
  11. ^ Gêrzê (Approved - N) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
  12. ^ Gaize Xian, geonames.org, retrieved 18 September 2022.
  13. Information Office of the State Council. 11 July 2011 – via Wikisource
    .
  14. ^ Mu Xuequan, ed. (21 February 2020). "5.0-magnitude quake hits Tibet: CENC". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on May 24, 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
  15. ^ "8 arrested for poaching Tibetan antelopes". Xinhua News Agency. 8 May 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
  16. S2CID 59056188
    .
  17. ISBN 978-981-10-3485-5 – via Google Books
    .
  18. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  19. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  20. National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China
    . 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2019. 统计用区划代码 名称 542526100000 改则镇 542526200000 物玛乡 542526201000 先遣乡 542526202000 麻米乡 542526203000 洞措乡 542526204000 古姆乡 542526205000 察布乡
  21. doi:10.7910/dvn/eoh3fv
    . Retrieved 2018-04-28.
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33°45′53″N 84°07′22″E / 33.76472°N 84.12278°E / 33.76472; 84.12278

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