Glywysing

Coordinates: 53°14′N 4°1′W / 53.233°N 4.017°W / 53.233; -4.017
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Kingdom of Glywysing
Teyrnas Glywysing (
Old Welsh)
5th century–c. 1055
(intermittently in union with Gwent/in Morgannwg)
Medieval kingdoms of Wales, showing Glywysing in the south
Medieval kingdoms of Wales, showing Glywysing in the south
CapitalCardiff
Common languagesOld Welsh
Religion
Celtic Christianity
GovernmentMonarchy
Historical eraMiddle Ages
• Formed after Roman withdrawal from Britain
Late 5th century
• Various unions with Gwent
6th century–c. 745
• Union in Morgannwg
(under Morgan Hen ab Owain)
942–974
• Union as part of Wales
(under Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, King of Wales)
1055–1063
• Union in Morgannwg
1063–1074
• Becomes Morgannwg
(under Caradog ap Gruffydd
) 		1075
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Roman Britain
Kingdom of Morgannwg
Kingdom of Morgannwg

Glywysing was, from the

Wales. Its people were descended from the Iron Age tribe of the Silures, and frequently in union with Gwent
, merging to form Morgannwg.

Name and early history

Glywysing is said in medieval Welsh tradition to be named after Glywys, supposedly an early king of the region. In reality, the name probably comes from Glevum, the Roman name for what is now Gloucester, via a Latin name *Glevenses ('people of Glevum') or *Glevensis ('person from Glevum'). Thus the name suggests that the kingdom was named after invaders or migrants, or a particular ruler, from Glevum.[1][2]

According to 12th-century sources, after the death of Glywys, the kingdom was divided into three

appenage
subkingdoms.

Location

The borders changed over time, but it is generally thought that its lands originally lay between the

Morgan the Old.[4]
Today the area of Glywysing is known as Glamorgan.

Morgannwg

Main article: Kingdom of Morgannwg

First under King

Morgan the Old (r. 942-74), the kingdom merged with Gwent and changed its name to Morgannwg or Gwlad Morgan in honour of the Morgan Kings.[4][5] During such unions Glywysing and Gwent seem to have been together or occasional sub-kingdoms or principalities of the Kingdom of Morgannwg.[4]

After the death of Morgan the Old, Gwent and Glywysing were separated again from 974 to 1055, but Glywysing alone was often referred to as Morgannwg. Both areas were conquered by

Caradog ap Gruffudd.[4] Morgannwg, the union between Gwent and Glywysing, was reconstituted. How this occurred is unclear; possibly the Kings of Glywysing were also Kings of Morgannwg and the Kings of Gwent were semi-independent under-Kings, or vice versa.[4]

Norman conquest

Main article: Glamorgan

With Gwent increasingly overrun by the

Iestyn ap Gwrgan (1081–1090), who was subsequently deposed by Robert Fitzhamon. Iestyn's sons became Lords of Afan, while Owain ap Caradog ap Gruffudd contented himself with Gwynllwg and founded the line of the Lords of Caerleon.[4]

The name Morgannwg is still used in Wales for the former

Marcher Lordship and county of Glamorgan
(itself a corruption of the term Gwlad Morgan) and its successor counties

List of rulers

Glywysing

Glywysing is ruled by the Kings of Gwent until Rhys ap Ithel

Iestyn was the last ruler of an independent Morgannwg, which was thereafter in the possession of the

Normans and became the lordship of Glamorgan

References

  1. ISBN 978-1-85109-440-0
    p. 1312.
  2. ^ Patrick Sims-Williams, Religion and Literature in Western England 600-800, Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England, 3 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), p. 24.
  3. ISBN 978-1-84383-125-9
    p. 125
  4. ^ a b c d e f Ashley, Mike (1998) The Mammoth Book of British Kings and Queens (Carol & Graf)
  5. ^ Lloyd, John E. A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest, Vol. 1, p. 274. Longmans, Green, & Co. (London), 1911. Accessed 22 Feb 2013.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i Kessler, P. L. "Kingdoms of Cymru Celts - Cernyw / Glywyssing". The History Files. Retrieved 3 October 2022.

53°14′N 4°1′W / 53.233°N 4.017°W / 53.233; -4.017

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