Herbert Vaughan
Cardinal-priest | |
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| Personal details | |
| Born | Herbert Alfred Vaughan 15 April 1832 |
| Died | 19 June 1903 (aged 71) Mill Hill, United Kingdom |
| Buried | Westminster Cathedral |
| Signature |  |
| Coat of arms |  |
Herbert Alfred Henry Joseph Thomas Vaughan
In 1871 Vaughan sent a group of Mill Hill priests to the United States to minister to freedmen. In 1893, the American branch of the society spun off, with Vaughan's permission, to form the Society of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart, whose members are known as Josephites.
Early life and education
Herbert Vaughan was born at
In 1841 Herbert, the eldest, went to study for six years at
In 1851 Vaughan went to Rome, and studied for two years at the Collegio Romano, where for a time he shared lodgings with the poet, Aubrey Thomas de Vere.[2] He became a friend and disciple of Henry Edward Manning. Manning, a Catholic convert, became the second Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster[3] following the restoration of the Catholic hierarchy in Great Britain in 1850.
Career
Vaughan received Holy Orders at
In 1868, Vaughan became proprietor of The Tablet. He wrote James McMaster, owner of the New York Freeman's Journal and Catholic Register, "No one can appreciate more highly than I do the great mission of the Catholic press in these days of steam and universal education."[4]
He succeeded in opening
In 1872 Vaughan was consecrated as the second Bishop of Salford,[4] succeeding Bishop William Turner. Vaughan relinquished his position as superior at St. Joseph's College, but in 1876 established St Bede's College,[5] conceived as a "commercial school" to prepare the sons of Manchester Catholics for a life in business and the professions. Vaughan chose to live at Hampton Grange, on the St. Bede's College campus, with his own Bishop's residence on Chapel Street in Salford being given over to a Seminary.
In 1879, as the most eminent local Catholic, Vaughan was chosen by the then Home Secretary,
Vaughan was a man of different type from his predecessor; he had none of the ultramontane Manning's intellectual finesse or his ardor for social reform. Vaughan did however have a more open attitude to women's enfranchisement, reported as saying, "I believe that the extension of the Parliamentary Franchise to women upon the same conditions as it is held by men would be a just and beneficial measure, tending to raise rather than to lower the course of national legislation."[7] Vaughan was an ecclesiastic of remarkably fine presence and aristocratic leanings, intransigent in theological policy, and in personal character simply devout.
In 1893 the US Mill Hill mission, based in
It was due to this theological "purity" that Vaughan assisted in scuttling an opportunity for rapprochement between Rome and the Church of England that was put into motion by a high-church Anglican, Charles Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax and a French priest, Ferdinand Portal. Through the efforts of Vaughan and Archbishop of Canterbury Edward White Benson, this early form of ecumenism was put down. It culminated with the condemnation of Anglican Orders by Pope Leo XIII in his bull, Apostolicae curae.
It was Vaughan's most cherished ambition to see an adequate
Legacy
Founded
- St. Joseph Foreign Missionary College, London, United Kingdom
- St Bede's College
- St. Joseph Society of the Sacred Heart, Baltimore, MD
- Westminster Cathedral
Namesake
- In 1914, the Cardinal Vaughan Memorial School was founded in his memory in Holland Park, London.
Published works
- Vaughan, Herbert Cardinal, Archbishop of Westminster (1902). The Holy Sacrifice of the Mass (Fourth ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: B. Herder.
- Vaughan, Herbert Cardinal, Archbishop of Westminster (1904). Vaughan, Msgr Canon John Stephen (ed.). The Young Priest: Conferences on the Apostolic Life. London: W: Burns and Oates Ltd.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
See also
- Catholic Church in Great Britain
- Bernard Vaughan, his brother – English Catholic Jesuit priest (1847–1922)
References
- ^ a b c Miranda, Salvador. "Herbert Vaughan". The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Archived from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2009.
- ^ The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 March 2016 – via New Advent.
- from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
- ^ a b c O'Neil, Robert (16 March 2016). "Cardinal Herbert Vaughan: the editor with a mission". The Tablet. Archived from the original on 28 January 2019. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
- ^ a b "Our Founder; Part 5". Mill Hill Missionaries. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
- ^ a b Martin, Fergal (12 April 2018). "Cardinal Vaughan: The shy, gifted communicator". Diocese of Salford. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
- ^ "Votes for Women! The Catholic Contribution – Diocese of Westminster". rcdow.org.uk. 23 February 2018. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
- ^ ""Cardinal Herbert Vaughan papers", Mill Hill Missionaries' Archives". Archived from the original on 10 August 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
Sources
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Vaughan, Herbert". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 955–956.
- Life of Cardinal Vaughan, JG Snead Cox (2 vols., London: 1910).
Further reading
- O'Neil, Robert J. (1997). Cardinal Herbert Vaughan: Archbishop of Westminster, Bishop of Salford, Founder of the Mill Hill Missionaries. Burns & Oates. ISBN 9780824517175.
External links
- Herbert Vaughan papers, 1893–1898 at Pitts Theology Library, Candler School of Theology
- Herbert Vaughan, Catholic Hierarchy website
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