Hey, Slavs
English: Hey, Slavs | |
---|---|
Composer unknown, 18th century | |
Adopted | 1939 (by Slovak State) 1945 (by Yugoslavia, de facto) 1977 (by Yugoslavia, de jure provisionally) 1988 (by Yugoslavia, de jure constitutionally) 1992 (by Serbia and Montenegro) |
Relinquished | 1945 (by Slovak State) 1992 (by Yugoslavia) 2006 (by Serbia and Montenegro) |
Audio sample | |
"Hey, Slavs" (instrumental, both verses) |
"Hey, Slavs" is a patriotic song dedicated to the Slavs and widely considered to be the Pan-Slavic anthem. It was adapted and adopted as the national anthem of various Slavic-speaking nations, movements and organizations during the late 19th and 20th century.
Its lyrics were first written in 1834 under the title "Hey, Slovaks" ("Hej, Slováci") by
Etymology
In Serbo-Croatian, which uses both the Latin and the Cyrillic alphabets, the song had been titled as (in Croatian and in Serbian standard, respectively):
- Hej, Slaveni or Hej, Sloveni (in Latin)
- Хеј, Славени or Хеј, Словени (in Cyrillic)
In Macedonian the song's title is "Ej, Sloveni" (Cyrillic: Еј, Словени), and in Slovene, it is "Hej, Slovani". The original title in Slovak was "Hej, Slováci".
Slovakia
The song was written initially in
- "If mother Prague, the pearl of the Western Slavic world, is to be lost in a German sea, what awaits my dear homeland, Slovakia, which looks to Prague for spiritual nourishment? Burdened by that thought, I remembered the old Polish songJeszcze Polska nie zginęła, kiedy my żyjemy ("Poland has not yet perished as long as we live."). That familiar melody caused my heart to erupt with a defiant Hej, Slováci, ešte naša slovenská reč žije ("Hey, Slovaks, our Slovak language still lives")... I ran to my room, lit a candle and wrote down three verses into my diary in pencil. The song was finished in a moment." (Diary of Samuel Tomášik, Sunday, 2 November 1834)
Tomášik left the instructions for his song to be performed to the melody of Dąbrowski's Mazurka: "It be sung as: Poland has not yet perished".[2]
He soon altered the lyrics to include all Slavs and "Hey, Slavs" became a widely known rallying song for Slav nationalism and Pan-Slavic sentiment, especially in the West Slavic lands governed by Austria. It was printed in numerous magazines and calendars and sung at political gatherings, becoming an unofficial anthem of the Pan-Slavic movement.
Its popularity continued to increase when it was adopted as the organizational anthem of the
In Slovakia, the song "Hey, Slovaks" has been considered the unofficial ethnic anthem of the Slovaks throughout its modern history, especially at times of revolution.[
Slovak variant | English translation |
---|---|
Hej, Slováci, ešte naša |
Hey, Slovaks, there still lives |
Yugoslavia
The first appearance of "Hey, Slavs" in Yugoslavia was during the
In 1941 the
The old state anthem was officially abandoned after liberation in 1945, but no new national anthem to replace it was officially adopted. There were several attempts to promote other, more specifically Yugoslav songs as the national anthem, but none gained much public support and "Hey, Slavs" continued to be used unofficially. The search for a better candidate continued up to 1988, while in 1977 the law only named the national anthem as "Hey, Slavs" as a temporary state anthem until a new one was adopted, which never happened.[citation needed]
"Hey, Slavs" under its Serbo-Croatian title "Hej, Slaveni" was therefore the national anthem of Yugoslavia for a total of 48 years, from 1943 to 1992. With the formal adoption (inauguration) of Amendment IX to the Constitution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the song "Hey, Slavs" gained constitutional sanction as the national anthem on November 25, 1988. After 43 years of continued use as the de facto national anthem, the delegates simply brought the law in line with custom.[7]
Serbo-Croatian (Latin/Cyrillic) | English translation | Slovene | |
---|---|---|---|
Hej Slaveni, jošte živi |
Хеј Словени, јоште живи |
Hey, Slavs, there still lives |
Hej Slovani, naša reč |
Macedonian (Cyrillic/transliteration) | English translation | ||
Еј, Словени, жив е тука |
Ej, Sloveni, živ e tuka |
Hey, Slavs, herein lives on |
Serbia and Montenegro
After the break-up of Yugoslavia in 1991 and 1992, when only
A hybrid of the
Even after the end of the federation, "Hey, Slavs" was sometimes still mistakenly played by organizers of sports events that involve
In popular culture
The Yugoslav band
See also
References
- ^ ISBN 978-1-84465-662-2.
- ^ ISBN 978-1784531263.
- ISBN 9780810880290.
- ^ Yugopol (2 March 2011). "Mazurek Dąbrowskiego & Hej Slaveni". Archived from the original on 3 October 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2015 – via YouTube.
- ^ Вилинбахов Г. В. Государственная геральдика в России: Теория и практика Archived 2015-04-27 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ Marušić, Dario (27 April 2021). "Jugoslavija i istorija: "Hej Sloveni", pesma koja je bila više od himne" [Yugoslavia and history: "Hey Slavs", a song that was more than an anthem] (Interview) (in Serbo-Croatian). Interviewed by Janković, Tatjana. BBC News na srpskom. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
- ^ Amandmani IX do XLVII na Ustav Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije, "Službeni list SFRJ", br. 70/88, No. 932, pp. 1793-1806
- ^ Mihailo Marković, witness (November 16, 2004). "041116IT". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia: The Hague. p. 33469.
- ^ a b "Serbia-Montenegro a World Cup team without a country". Associated Press. Associated Press. 15 June 2006. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
- ^ LEO al grito de gol 2012. "national anthem serbia & montenegro - netherlands 2006 himna srbija i crna gora nizozemska 2006". Archived from the original on 2021-12-11 – via YouTube.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ LEO RENMEN TV. "anthem serbia and montenegro world cup 2006 vs ivory coast". Archived from the original on 2021-12-11 – via YouTube.
- ^ "BRUKA NA EP: Orlići slušali Hej Sloveni umesto Bože pravde!". Archived from the original on 2013-07-31. Retrieved 2013-07-29.
- ^ 'Grci namerno pustili himnu „Hej, Sloveni"?' Archived 2014-03-05 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "USPEH BORKOVIĆA U SENCI SKANDALA: Srpskom automobilisti na podijumu pustili Hej Sloveni". Kurir. Archived from the original on 30 June 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
- ^ "Bijelo Dugme - Bijelo Dugme". Discogs. Archived from the original on 2014-01-01. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
- ^ https://www.allmusic.com/album/r858483
- ^ Mornarnavy. "Zaporniki pojejo Hej Slovani". Archived from the original on 2021-12-11 – via YouTube.
External links
- Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia anthem with audio, information and lyrics (archived 2 May 2012)
- Story of original Slovak text with artistic translation at the Library of Congress Web Archives (archived 28 November 2001)