Isaak Kikoin

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Isaak Kikoin
Исаак Кикоин
Born
Isaak Kushelevich Kikoin

(1908-03-28)March 28, 1908
Leningrad Polytechnic Institute
Thesis Photomagnetism  (1936)

Isaak Konstantinovich (Kushelevich) Kikoin (

Lithuanian origin and an author of physics textbooks in Russian language who played an important role in the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons.: 27 [1]

Biography

Kikoin was born in the town of Novye Zhagory (now

Lithuanian Jew (orthodoxy) whose patronymic was also written as Kushelevich (Кушелевич; "son of Kushel"); and his parents were school teachers.[3] During the World War I, his family was relocated from Latvia to Russia where he entered in gymnazium in Pskov, and upon graduation, he went to study physics at the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute in 1925.[3]

In 1930-31, he earned his

Uranium enrichment project at this Laboratory No. 2 using the gaseous diffusion method took place under Kikoin while Lev Artsimovich worked on electromagnetic isotope separation.: 78 [5] During the Russian Alsos, he went to Germany to locate German knowledge that would prove useful in Soviet programs.: 24 [6]

He remained associate with Soviet program of nuclear weapons, and was an academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union and was awarded the Stalin Prize a total of four times (1942, 1949, 1951, 1953), the Lenin Prize in 1959, and the USSR State Prize in 1967 and 1980. Kikoin was named a Hero of Socialist Labour (1951); he also won the Kurchatov Medal (1971).[7][8] Kikoin was with Igor Kurchatov as one of the founders of the Kurchatov Atomic Energy Institute, which developed the first Soviet nuclear reactor in 1946. This was the lead-in to the Soviet atomic bomb project with the first atomic bomb test taking place in 1949.

In 1970, Kikoin (jointly with Andrey Kolmogorov) started issuing Kvant magazine, a popular science magazine in physics and mathematics for school students and teachers.[8] He authored texts on molecular physics in 1978, and it was has been translated in Persian language.[9]

See also

References

  1. ISBN 978-1-350-27257-6
    . Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  2. ^ "БиблиоМ » КИКОИН Исаак Константинович (Кушеэлевич)". bibliom-ru.translate.goog. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d "Кикоин Исаак Константинович | jewmil.com". www.jewmil.com (in Russian). Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  4. ISBN 978-981-323-557-1
    . Retrieved 27 November 2022.
  5. ISBN 978-0-8412-3310-2
    .
  6. ISBN 978-981-12-0346-6
    . Retrieved 27 November 2022.
  7. ^ Kikoin Isaac K. WarHeroes Biography. Accessed 2019-08-29.
  8. ^ a b Academician I.K. Kikoin: On the Centenary of His Birth. Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2008, Vol. 78, No. 1, pp. 91–98.
  9. ^ Física Molecular by Isaak Kikoin; Abram Kikoin: Good Hardcover (1971) 1st Edition. | Biblioteca de Babel. Retrieved 27 November 2022.

External links

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