Israfil Israfilov
Israfil Israfilov | |
---|---|
Other name(s) | Israfil bey Muhammed Israfil bey Israfilbeyli |
Born | Seyfəli, Elizavetpol uezd, Elizavetpol Governorate, Russian Empire | July 5, 1892, or January 25, 1893
Died | 1946 Baku, Azerbaijan SSR, USSR | (aged 52–53)
Cause of death | Execution by shooting |
Allegiance | |
Battles/wars | World War I Mughan clashes Battle of Baku Ganja revolt World War II |
Israfil Israfilov (Azerbaijani: İsrafil İsrafilov;[1] Russian: Исрафил Исрафилов),[2] Israfil Muhammed bey (Polish: Israfił Muhamed bey, Muchamed Israfił-Bey),[3][4] or in short Israfil-Bey[5] (1892, or 1893 — 1946) was Russian, Azerbaijani and Polish military officer, Standartenführer of the Waffen-SS.
Early life
Israfil Israfilov was born on 5 July 1892,[6] or 25 January 1893[7][8] in a village of Seyfəli[9] in Elitsabethpol Uyezd. Graduated from Elisabethpol (Ganja) Men's Gymnasium (1912)[9] and the Tiflis Military School (1914).[2]
Imperial Russian Army
Israfil Israfilov entered military service with the rank of Junker on 13 September 1913. In 1914, he was promoted from Junker to Podporuchik on the exam, with enrollment in the infantry (1914).[2]
After graduating from a military school, he was placed at the disposal of the chief of staff of the Kazan Military District, where he was assigned to serve in the 96th infantry reserve battalion stationed in Simbirsk (now Ulyanovsk). In 1915, he was sent from this battalion to the active army on the Southwestern Front, where he served in the Minsk 54th Infantry Regiment of the 14th Infantry Division. Participated in the battles of 1915-1916 on the Southwestern front, from December 1916 on the Romanian front. On 21 April 1915, he was wounded in a battle in Volyn near the village of Bokiyma. On 3 May 1915 he was wounded again in a battle near the village of Tamanovichi and evacuated for treatment. Later he became Poruchik (1915), Stabs-kapitan (1916) and Captain (1917). In the autumn of 1917 he commanded a battalion in the Minsk 54th Infantry Regiment on the Romanian front.[2]
In Azerbaijan
After the revolution, he returned to the Caucasus, and served as a captain in the 2nd Infantry Division of the newly created Muslim (Azerbaijani) Corps. From July 1918 he served in the Islamic Army of the Caucasus as an armored train commander.[2] Participated in August-September 1918 in the battle of Baku.[1]
He began to serve in the newly formed
Participated in the suppression of the Mughan clashes of 1918-1919 and the Armenian–Azerbaijani war of 1918-1920 (battles against Armenians in Zangezur and Nagorno-Karabakh).[2]
Interwar Poland
In 1920, Israfil Israfilov fled his homeland after the Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan. In 1924, he relocated from Turkey to Poland and entered the service in the Polish Army (Wojsko Polskie in Polish). From 1926 to 1928 he studied at the Warsaw Higher Military School (Wyższa Szkoła Wojenna in Polish).[10] He first served in the 36th Infantry Regiment in Warsaw,[10] and in the spring of 1939 became a staff officer in the 29th Infantry Division in Grodno.[11][12]
His military colleagues were Arczil Bek Jedygarov, Israfil Bek Jedigar, Veli Bek Jedigar, Dzangir Kazim-bek, Mehmed Zade Hamid bek, Safar Ogly Kazim bek and others.[3][12] He was one of the active figures of the Azerbaijani emigration in Poland. Along with such political emigrants as Mahammad Amin Rasulzade, Mir Yagub Mehdiyev, Mirza Bala Mammadzade, Ali Azertekin, Dzangir Kazim-bek (Jahangir bey Kazimbeyli), Naghi Bayramli, he was published in the North Caucasian émigré periodicals Severnyj Kavkaz and Gortsy Kavkaza, which were published in Warsaw in 1930s.[13]
World War II
During the
From the summer of 1943 to 1944 Isarafil Bey worked as the head of the Azerbaijani committee in
After World War II, he was captured and handed over to the
Israfilov was shot in 1946.References
- ^ a b c Azərbaycan Xalq Cümhuriyyəti Ensiklopediyası (PDF) (in Azerbaijani). Vol. 2. Baku: Lider. 2005. p. 65.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Исрафилов Исрафил Мамедович". ria1914.info. Офицеры РИА.
- ^ ISBN 83-231-1398-X.
Trudno bowiem zaliczyć do Gruzinów z krwi i kości oficerów noszących takie np. nazwiska, jak por. Jedygarow Izrafił bek, por. Jedygarow Arcził bek, por. Melik Somchjanc czy ppor. Aleksander Głowacki — którzy w oryginalnych dokumentach wojskowych i opracowaniach byli wykazywani jako Gruzini. Drugą pod względem liczby oficerów kontraktowych grupę tworzyli Azerowie. Najstarszy wiekiem i stopniem był płk Kuli Chan Chojszi-Hussein (używający niekiedy zrusyfikowanego nazwiska Chan Chojski). Po jego odejściu ze służby w 1931 roku, przywódcą nielicznej grupy Azerów został ppłk Dżangir Kazum bek. Najdłużej z Azerów w Wojsku Polskim służył absolwent Wyższej Szkoły Wojennej z 1932 roku, ppłk Jedigar Veli bek. Małą kolonię azerską w Wojsku Polskim tworzyli ponadto: rtm. Israfił Muhamed bey, ppor. Mehmed Zade Hamid bek, por. Safar Ogły Kazim bek i por. Murgajew Umar bek.
- ISBN 978-83-61325-95-6.
- ^ a b Munoz 2001, p. 173.
- ^ a b Романько, О.В. (2009). "Советские мусульмане в рядах войск СС". Военно-исторический архив (in Russian). 112. Москва: Издательский дом «Грааль»: 113.
- ^ a b c Romanko 2004, p. 283.
- ^ a b Abutalibov 2007, p. 8.
- ^ ISBN 978-5-89968-233-9.
- ^ a b Stawecki, Piotr (1997). Oficerowie dyplomowani wojska Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej (in Polish). Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich. pp. 86, 117.
- ISBN 978-83-7188-899-1.
- ^ a b Yaqublu 2007, p. 80.
- ^ "AMEA–da "Polşadakı Azərbaycan siyasi mühacirlərinin irsindən (XX əsrin 30-cu illəri)" kitabının təqdimatı olmuşdur". AZERTAC. 2011-06-13.
- ^ Neulen 1985, p. 332.
- ^ Yaqublu 2005, p. 206.
Sources
- Neulen, Hans Werner (1985). An deutscher Seite : Internationale Freiwillige von Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS (in German). München: Universitas Verlag München. ISBN 9783800410699.
- Hoffmann, Joachim (1991). Kaukasien 1942/43. Das deutsche Heer und die Orientvölker der Sowjetunion (in German). Freiburg: Rombach Druck- und Verlagshaus. ISBN 3793001946.
- Munoz, Antonio J. (2001). The East came West: Muslim, Hindu and Buddhist Volunteers in the German Armed Forces, 1941-1945. Bayside, NY: Axis Europa Books. ISBN 9781891227394.
- Romanko, Oleg (2004). Мусульманские легионы Второй мировой войны (in Russian). Москва: «Издательство АСТ». ISBN 9-785170-198160.
- Yaqublu, Nasiman (2005). Azərbaycan legionerləri (in Azerbaijani). Baku: Çıraq.
- Yaqublu, Nasiman (2007). Azərbaycan-Polşa əlaqələrində M. Ə. Rəsulzadənin rolu (in Azerbaijani). Bakı: «Adiloğlu» nəşriyyatı. ISBN 978-9952-25-052-7.
- Abutalibov, Ramiz (2007). Свои среди чужих, чужой среди своих (in Russian). Москва: Гриф и К. ISBN 978-5-8125-0901-9.
- Nazirli, Shamistan (2009). 1920-ci ildə Qarabağ döyüşləri (in Azerbaijani). Bakı: "Təfəkkür" Universitetinin metbəəsi.