Jamma'in

Coordinates: 32°07′52″N 35°12′03″E / 32.13111°N 35.20083°E / 32.13111; 35.20083
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Jammain
Governorate
Nablus
Government
 • TypeMunicipality
Area
 • Total19,821 dunams (19.8 km2 or 7.6 sq mi)
Population
 (2017)[1]
 • Total7,436
 • Density380/km2 (970/sq mi)
Name meaning"Company"[2]

Jamma'in (

Palestinian town in the Nablus Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the northern West Bank, located 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) southwest of Nablus, 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) northwest of Salfit and 40 kilometers (25 mi) north of Ramallah. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 7,436 in 2017.[1]

Location

Jamma’in is located 11.26 km south of

'Urif to the north.[3]

History

Jamma'in is situated on a high hill on the ancient site. Carved stones have been reused in village houses, walls, fencing and agricultural terraces. Rock-cut cisterns have also been found. 400 meters north-west are tombs carved into rock which contains one loculi and caves (called I-Qubay'ah).[4]

Sherds from the Iron Age I, IAII, Persian, Hellenistic,[5] Roman[4][5] and Byzantine eras have also been found here.[4][5]

Middle Ages

A village in the Crusader era (1123 CE) named "Gemmail",

Muslims in Jamma'in during his lifetime, and he also noted that the village had a mosque.[11]

Mamluk
sherds have also been found here.

Ottoman era

Jamma'in was incorporated into the

nahiya of Jabal Qubal, part of Nablus Sanjak. It had an entirely Muslim population of eighteen households and five bachelors. The inhabitants of the village paid a fixed tax rate of 33.3% on wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, goats and/or beehives, and a press for grapes or olives; a total of 7,800 akçe.[12]

In the 17th century, the Qasim family ruled Jamma'in and twenty nearby villages, including

Dayr Ghassāna in the south and the present Route 5 in the north, and between Majdal Yābā in the west and Jammā‘īn, Mardā and Kifl Ḥāris in the east, this area served, according to historian Roy Marom, "as a buffer zone between the political-economic-social units of the Jerusalem and the Nablus regions. On the political level, it suffered from instability due to the migration of the Bedouin tribes and the constant competition among local clans for the right to collect taxes on behalf of the Ottoman authorities.”[13]

In 1834, when the

Egyptians under Ibrahim Pasha ruled Palestine, Ottoman-aligned Arab families in Palestine revolted under the leadership of Qasim al-Ahmad. The revolt, however, was crushed, and Qasim and his two eldest sons were hanged.[14][15] The Zeitawi tribe migrated to the town from nearby Zeita (from which the family received its name) in the 18th century.[16]

In 1838, Edward Robinson noted it as a village, Jemma'in, in the Jurat Merda district, south of Nablus.[17]

The French explorer Victor Guérin visited the village in 1870, and he estimated it had 1,400 inhabitants. The houses were better built than many other places in Palestine, and some seemed newly rebuilt.[18]

In 1870/1871 (1288

AH), an Ottoman census listed the village with a population of 150 households in the nahiya (sub-district) of Jamma'in al-Awwal, subordinate to Nablus.[19]

In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described Jamma'in as "the largest village in the district, on high ground, surrounded with olive groves. The water supply is from a pool and a well east of the village."[20]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Jamma'in had a population of 720, all Muslims,[21] increasing in the 1931 census to 957, still all Muslims, living in 202 houses.[22]

In the 1945 statistics, Jamma'in had a population of 1,240, all Muslims,[23] with 19,821 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.[24] Of this, 5,362 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 6,625 used for cereals,[25] while 78 dunams were built-up (urban) land.[26]

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Jamma’in came under Jordanian rule.

In 1961, the population was 1,965.[27]

Post-1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Jamma'in has been under Israeli occupation. Like many other Palestinian localities in the West Bank, Jamma'in's residents have been involved in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and have been a target of several raids by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). Since the First Intifada in 1987, six people from the town have been killed by the IDF and hundreds of its residents have been imprisoned.[citation needed]

In January 2015 Israel forces set up an iron gate at the southern entrance to the village, its main exit point, blocking transit between Jamma'in and Marda. IDF soldiers deny entry to Palestinian citizens travelling in either direction. According to PA no explanation was given for the sudden move.[28]

After the 1995 accords, 77% of village land was classified as Area B, the remaining 23% as Area C.[29]

Demographics

In the 1997 census by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), Jaba' had a population of 4,311. Palestinian refugees accounted for 3.9% of the inhabitants.[30] In the 2007 PCBS census, the population grew to 6,225, living in 1,010 households with each household containing an average of six members. There were 1,170 housing units. The gender ratio was 49.1% female and 50.9% male.[31]

Economy

The two most prominent economic sectors of Jamma'in is stone-cutting and agriculture. Since the

az-Zawiya, Jamma'in is well known for producing baskets made from olive wood fronds.[32]

Olives are the primary crop grown. There are two or three sheep and cow farms in Jamma'in. Milk, yogurt and cheese are sold in the town. There are two mosques, a religious charity and a library in the town. There are five schools in Jamma'in; Two boys' schools, two girls' schools and co-ed school. Over 90% of the population over the age of 10 is literate. Most university students attend the an-Najah National University.

Government

Jamma'in is governed by a

Palestinian municipal elections, the Hamas-backed Al-Islamiya for Reform list won seven seats, the majority, and the Fatah-backed Martyrs list won three seats and an Independent list won the remaining seat. Female candidates won two seats.[33]
'Izzat Mahmoud Zeitawi succeeded Ahmad Mahmoud Zeitawi as head of the municipality of Jamma'in.

References

  1. ^ a b Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017 (PDF). Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) (Report). State of Palestine. February 2018. pp. 64–82. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  2. ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 229
  3. ^ Jamma'in Town Profile, ARIJ, p. 4
  4. ^ a b c Dauphin, 1998, p. 807
  5. ^ a b c d e f Finkelstein and Lederman, 1997, p. 506
  6. ^ Röhricht, 1893, RHH, p. 23, #101.
  7. ^ a b Meri, 2002, p. 136
  8. ISBN 9789004158092
    .
  9. ISBN 9781780742038
    .
  10. ^ Le Strange, 1890, p. 462
  11. ^ Ellenblum, 2003, p. 244
  12. ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 133
  13. ^ Marom, Roy (2022-11-01). "Jindās: A History of Lydda's Rural Hinterland in the 15th to the 20th Centuries CE". Lod, Lydda, Diospolis. 1: 17.
  14. ^ Doumani, 1995, Rediscovering Palestine: Egyptian rule, 1831-1840
  15. ^ Macalister and Masterman, 1905, p. 355
  16. OCHA. 2008-08-20. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2013-03-12.
  17. ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 127
  18. ^ Guérin, 1875, pp. 172-3
  19. ^ Grossman, David (2004). Arab Demography and Early Jewish Settlement in Palestine. Jerusalem: Magnes Press. p. 251.
  20. ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 284
  21. ^ Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. 25
  22. ^ Mills, 1932, p. 62.
  23. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 18
  24. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 60
  25. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 106
  26. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 156
  27. ^ Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 26
  28. ^ 'Israeli forces install iron gate at entrance to Nablus-area village,'[permanent dead link] Ma'an News Agency 7 January 2015
  29. ^ Jamma'in Town Profile, ARIJ, p. 15
  30. ^ "Palestinian Population by Locality and Refugee Status". Archived from the original on November 14, 2011. Retrieved 2008-04-24.. 1997 Census. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS). 1999.
  31. ^ 2007 PCBS Census Archived 2010-12-10 at the Wayback Machine. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. p.110.
  32. ^ PACE’s Exhibit of Traditional Palestinian Handicrafts Archived 2007-06-03 at the Wayback Machine Palestinian Association for Cultural Exchange.
  33. ^ Local Elections (Round two)- Successful candidates by local authority, gender and No. of votes obtained Archived 2007-06-30 at the Wayback Machine Central Elections Commission - Palestine, p.11.

Bibliography

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamma%27in&oldid=1184520318"