Jim Bakker
Jim Bakker | |
---|---|
Born | James Orsen Bakker January 2, 1940 Muskegon, Michigan, U.S. |
Spouses | |
Children | 7, including Jay Bakker |
Church | Assemblies of God (1960–1988) Charismatic (2003–present) |
Congregations served | The PTL Club Heritage USA Heritage Village Church Morningside Church |
James Orsen Bakker (
In the late 1980s, Bakker resigned from the PTL ministry over a cover-up of hush money to church secretary
Personal life
James Orsen Bakker was born in Muskegon, Michigan, the son of Raleigh Bakker and Furnia Lynette "Furn" Irwin.[2] Bakker attended North Central University, a Minneapolis bible college affiliated with the Assemblies of God, where he met fellow student Tammy Faye LaValley in 1960.[3] Bakker worked at a restaurant in the Young-Quinlan department store in Minneapolis; Tammy Faye worked at the Three Sisters, a nearby boutique.[4]
The Bakkers married on April 1, 1961, and left college to become
Career
Early career
In 1966, Jim and Tammy Faye Bakker began working at Pat Robertson's Christian Broadcasting Network (CBN) in Portsmouth, Virginia, which had an audience in the low thousands at the time.[10] The Bakkers contributed to the network's growth, hosting a children's variety show called Come On Over that employed comic routines with puppets.[11] Due to the success of Come On Over, Robertson made Bakker the host of a new prime-time talk show, The 700 Club, which gradually became CBN's flagship program.[12] The Bakkers left CBN in 1973 and, soon after, joined with Paul and Jan Crouch to help co-found the Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN) in California. However, this partnership lasted only eight months until a falling-out between Jim Bakker and Paul Crouch caused the Bakkers to eventually leave the new network.
PTL
While under TBN, the Bakkers moved to
Throughout the 1970s, Bakker built a headquarters for PTL in
Two scandals brought down PTL in 1987: Bakker was accused of
Early investigations
In 1979, Bakker and PTL came under investigation by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for allegedly misusing funds raised on the air. The FCC report was finalized in 1982 and found that Bakker had raised $350,000 that he told viewers would go towards funding overseas missions but that was actually used to pay for part of Heritage USA. The report also found that the Bakkers used PTL funds for personal expenses.[21] FCC commissioners voted four to three to drop the investigation, after which they allowed Bakker to sell the only TV station that he owned, therefore bypassing future FCC oversight.[22] The FCC forwarded its report to the U.S. Department of Justice, which declined to press charges, citing insufficient evidence.[21] Bakker used the controversy to raise more funds from his audience, branding the investigation a "witch-hunt" and asking viewers to "give the Devil a black eye".[22]
A confidential 1985
Sexual misconduct and resignation
A $279,000 payoff for the silence of Jessica Hahn, who alleged that Bakker and former PTL Club co-host John Wesley Fletcher drugged and raped her, was paid with PTL funds through Bakker's associate Roe Messner.[24][25] Bakker, who made PTL's financial decisions, allegedly kept two sets of books to conceal accounting irregularities. Reporters for The Charlotte Observer, led by Charles Shepard, investigated PTL's finances and published a series of articles.[26]
On March 19, 1987, after the disclosure of a payoff to Hahn, Bakker resigned from PTL.
Bakker was succeeded as PTL head by the Rev. Jerry Falwell of Thomas Road Baptist Church in Lynchburg, Virginia.[27] Bakker chose Falwell as his successor because he feared that fellow televangelist Jimmy Swaggart, who had initiated an Assemblies of God investigation into Bakker's sexual misconduct, was attempting to take over his ministry.[31]
Bakker believed that Falwell would temporarily lead the ministry until the scandal died down,
In response to the scandal, Falwell called Bakker a liar, an embezzler, a sexual deviant, and "the greatest scab and cancer on the face of Christianity in 2,000 years of church history".[36] On CNN, Swaggart stated that Bakker was a "cancer in the body of Christ".[32] In February 1988, Swaggart became involved in a sex scandal of his own after being caught visiting prostitutes in New Orleans.[37] The Bakker and Swaggart scandals had a profound effect on the world of televangelism, causing greater media scrutiny of TV ministers and their finances.[38] Falwell said that the scandals had "strengthened broadcast evangelism and made Christianity stronger, more mature and more committed."[39][40]
Fraud conviction and imprisonment
The PTL Club's fundraising activities between 1984 and 1987 were reported by The Charlotte Observer, eventually leading to criminal charges against Bakker.[41] Bakker and his PTL associates sold $1,000 "lifetime memberships", entitling buyers to an annual three-night stay at a luxury hotel at Heritage USA during that period.[42] According to the prosecution at Bakker's fraud trial, tens of thousands of memberships were sold but only one 500-room hotel was ever finished.[43] Bakker sold "exclusive partnerships" which exceeded capacity, raising more than twice the money needed to build the hotel. Much of the money paid Heritage USA's operating expenses, and Bakker kept $3.4 million.[44]
After a 16-month federal
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit upheld Bakker's conviction on the fraud and conspiracy charges, voided Bakker's 45-year sentence and $500,000 fine and ordered a new sentencing hearing in February 1991.[49] The court ruled that Potter's sentencing statement about Bakker, that "those of us who do have a religion are sick of being saps for money-grubbing preachers and priests",[50] was evidence that the judge had injected his religious beliefs into Bakker's sentence.[49]
A sentence-reduction hearing was held on November 16, 1992, and Bakker's sentence was reduced to eight years. In August 1993, he was transferred to a minimum-security federal prison in Jesup, Georgia. Bakker was paroled in July 1994, after serving almost five years of his sentence.[51] His son, Jay, spearheaded a letter-writing campaign to the parole board advocating leniency.[52] Celebrity lawyer Alan Dershowitz acted as Bakker's parole attorney, having said that he "would guarantee that Mr. Bakker would never again engage in the blend of religion and commerce that led to his conviction."[53] Bakker was released from Federal Bureau of Prisons custody on December 1, 1994,[54] owing $6 million to the IRS.[55]
Return to televangelism
In 2003, Bakker began broadcasting The Jim Bakker Show daily at Studio City Café in
Bakker condemned the
Prophecies and statements
In 2013, Bakker wrote Time Has Come: How to Prepare Now for Epic Events Ahead about end-time events.[64] Bakker has changed his views on prosperity theology.[65] In his 1980 book Eight Keys to Success, he stated, "God wants you to be happy, God wants you to be rich, God wants you to prosper."[66][67] In his 1996 book, I Was Wrong, he admitted that the first time he actually read the Bible all the way through was in prison. Bakker also wrote that he realized that he had taken passages out of context and used them as prooftexts to support his prosperity theology.[68]
Bakker's revived show features a number of ministers who bill themselves as "prophets". He now says that "PTL" stands for "Prophets Talking Loud".[69]
In an October 2017 video, Bakker said that "God will punish those" who ridicule him;
On the Stand in the Gap Today radio program, Pennsylvania Pastors Network president Sam Rohrer criticized Bakker's civil-war prediction.[79] Christian Today criticized Bakker's show for preying on "the most vulnerable kinds of people" and claimed that it had "no place on our TV screens."[80]
COVID-19 misinformation
Bakker sold
Missouri attorney general Eric Schmitt and Arkansas attorney general Leslie Rutledge filed lawsuits against Bakker for allegedly pushing the supplements as a treatment for the virus.[83][84] In the State lawsuit against him, Bakker is represented by former Missouri governor Jay Nixon, who has argued for the suit to be dismissed. Nixon says that the allegations made in the lawsuit are false, stating: "Bakker is being unfairly targeted by those who want to crush his ministry and force his Christian television program off the air."[85]
In April 2020, prohibited from receiving credit card transactions, Bakker disclosed to his viewers that his ministry was on the brink of filing for bankruptcy and urgently petitioned them for donations.[86]
The following month, GEB America and World Harvest Television dropped Bakker's program from their networks after DirecTV owner AT&T asked channels to reconsider airing the show. AT&T made the request of its channels in response to a deplatforming campaign from the liberal Christian group Faithful America.[87][88]
On May 8, 2020, Lori Bakker announced that Jim Bakker had suffered a stroke that his son Jay described as “minor”. Lori stated that he would be taking a sabbatical from the program until he recovers. She blamed the stroke on Bakker's hard work on his show and wrote that he had described the criticism against him as “the most vicious attack that he has ever experienced”.[88] Bakker returned to his program for the first time following his stroke on July 8, 2020.[89]
On June 23, 2021, Missouri Attorney General Eric Schmitt announced the settlement of the state's lawsuit against Bakker. Bakker and Morningside Church would be prohibited from saying silver solution could "diagnose, prevent, mitigate, treat, or cure any disease or illness". Restitution of about $157,000 would also be paid to those who bought silver solution between February 12, 2020, and March 10, 2020.[90]
Works
- Move That Mountain (1976), ISBN 978-0-88270-164-6
- Eight Keys to Success (1980), ISBN 978-0-89221-071-8
- I Was Wrong (1996), ISBN 978-0-7852-7425-4
- Prosperity and the Coming Apocalypse (1998), ISBN 978-1-4185-5422-4
- The Refuge: The Joy of Christian Community in a Torn-Apart World (2000), ISBN 978-1-4185-5423-1
- Time Has Come: How to Prepare Now for Epic Events Ahead (2014), ISBN 978-1-61795-134-3
- You Can Make It: God's Faithfulness in Dark Times-Past, Present and Future (2021) ISBN 978-1-63641-047-0
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I believe that if Jesus were alive today, he would be on TV
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Jim Bakker is a cancer in the body of Christ
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Bakker kept $3.4 million in bonuses for himself
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The more I studied the Bible
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Jim Bakker: One day, you're going to shake your fist in God's face. And you're going to say, 'God, why didn't you warn me?' He's gonna say, 'You sat there and you made fun of Jim Bakker all those years. I warned you, but you didn't listen.
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Jim Bakker: If it happens, there will be a civil war in the United States of America.
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Jim Bakker: The great preachers of all times have said the Titanic is God's warning
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Jim Bakker: I saw 9/11 in 1999 before New Year's Eve ... I said there's going to be terrorism; there's going to be a bombing in New York and Washington DC. I said it would be at a high defense location in DC ...
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To me, that is a sign that he is against gun control. God ordained Donald Trump and he supports his plan to arm teachers.
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