Julian the Hospitaller

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For the painting by Piero della Francesca, see Saint Julian the Hospitaller (Piero della Francesca).

Saint Julian the Hospitaller
St. Julian's (Malta)
  • Macerata (Italy)[3]

    • Saint Julian the Hospitaller

    Saint Julian's (Malta) and Macerata
    (Italy).

    History and patronage

    The earliest known reference to Julian dates to the late twelfth century.[6]

    There are three main theories of his origin:

    • Born in
      Saint Julian of Le Mans
      )
    • Born in Ath, Belgium, around 7 AD
    • Born in Naples, Italy

    The location of the hospitals built by him is also debated between the banks of the River Gardon in Provence and an island near the River Potenza heading to Macerata.

    The

    Legenda Aurea by the Genoan Jacobus de Voragine, a Dominican priest. Beautiful stained glass depicting Saint Julian by an unknown artist in Chartres Cathedral also dates back to the 13th century. Early fresco paintings of him are found in Trento Cathedral (14th century) and the Palazzo Comunale di Assisi ('town hall').[This paragraph needs citation(s)
    ]

    Saint Julian is invoked as the patron of hospitality by travellers on a journey and far from home pray hoping to find safe lodging.[6]

    Golden Legend

    Saint Julian. Taddeo Gaddi, 14th century.

    According to Jacobus de Voragine, on the night Julian was born, his father, a man of noble blood, saw pagan

    Christ
    went off full of courage" as far away from his parents as he could.

    Some versions say that it was his mother who told him at the age of 10, while others say it was a stag he met in the forest while hunting (a situation used in artistic depictions of the saint). After fifty days of walking he finally reached Galicia, where he married a "good woman", said to be a wealthy widow.

    Twenty years later, his parents decided to go look for their now thirty-year-old son. When they arrived, they visited the altar of St

    the devil went off seeking Julian and told him that his wife was with another man.[1]

    Julian returned home and found two people asleep in his bed. Thinking that they were his wife and her lover, he killed them both. When he discovered his mistake, he vowed to spend the rest of his life doing charitable works. He and his wife made a pilgrimage to Rome.[1] They continued their travels until they came to a river crossing. There they built a hospice to welcome weary and sick travellers, and Julian assisted people in crossing the river.[2]

    Quattrino
    of Macerata depicting St Julian

    In another pious legend,[citation needed] the devil, disguised as a pilgrim weak from travel, was allowed into the hospice with other travellers. At midnight, the evildoer awoke, wreaked havoc in the house, causing mess and destruction. The following morning Julian saw the damage and swore never to let anyone else into his home. He was so furious he had everyone leave. "And Jesus went to him, again as a pilgrim, seeking rest. He asked humbly, in the name of God, for shelter. But Julian answered with contempt: 'I shall not let you in. Go away, for the other night I had my home so vandalised that I shall never let you in.' And Christ told him 'Hold my walking-stick, please.' Julian, embarrassed, went to take the stick, and it stuck to his hands. And Julian recognized him at once and said 'He tricked me, the enemy [that is, Satan] who does not want me to be your faithful servant. He knelt and Jesus forgave him, and Julian asked, full of repentance, forgiveness for his wife and parents."[This quote needs a citation]

    Statue of Saint Julian in the church of Saint-Julien (Puy-de-Dôme, France).
    Statue at the Church of St Julian the Hospitaller in Wellow, Somerset.

    Veneration in Malta

    Devotion to St Julian started in the

    Knights of Saint John helped to further spread devotion to the saint. In 1539, they rebuilt the church in Senglea and in 1590, they built another church in the parish of Birkirkara
    , a section that since then has been called St Julian's. In 1891, the church was made a parish, the only one ever dedicated to the saint in Malta.

    In literature and music

    • Three Tales.[3]
    • Subject of an opera by Camille Erlanger, La légende de Saint-Julien l'Hospitalier (1888) based on the Flaubert story.
    • Subject of an opera by Riccardo Zandonai, Giuliano (1928) with libretto by Arturo Rossato, based on stories by Jacobus de Voragine and Gustave Flaubert.
    • Walter Wangerin, Jr.
      wrote a novel, classified as historical fiction, titled "Saint Julian".
    • One of the tales in Giovanni Boccaccio's Decameron is named The miracle of Saint Julian, and is about a faithful devotee of St Julian whose faith is put to test during a travel.
    • In The Chronicles of Julian, the Hospitaller, a historical fiction set at the turn of the first millennium, St Julian meets the devil throughout his life, leading to an ultimate confrontation at the construction site of the Ponte della Maddalena bridge at Borgo a Mozzano, in Lucca, Tuscany.[7]

    Placenames

    See also

    Notes

    1. ^ Sometimes called Saint Julian the Poor,[4] probably from the saint's association, as one of its three patronal saints, with the Parisian church, in French: Saint-Julien-le-Pauvre, lit. 'Saint Julian the Poor'. The church was noted from its earliest incarnation (6th century) for its hospice for pilgrims and poor travellers. Its name Julian the Poor came from this, so avoiding singling out only one saint from its triple dedication (to Julian of Le Mans and Julian of Brioude, along with the Hospitaller) that it later acquired, once the church's original dedication had become obscured by the passage of time.[8]

    References

    1. ^ a b c d e f "St. Julian the Hospitaller", Catholic News Agency
    2. ^ a b c d e f "St. Julian the Hospitaller". Faith.ND. University of Notre Dame.
    3. ^ a b Donati, Donatella; Lentini, Mariella (28 December 2022), "San Giuliano l'ospitaliere", Santi e Beati (in Italian)
    4. ^ a b "'J' – Julian the Hospitaller, Feb 12". Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome. Orthodox England on the Net | St John's Orthodox Church, Colchester. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
    5. ^ Hutchison-Hall, John (Ellsworth). "12th February O.S. — Julian the Hospitaller". Orthodox Saints of the Pre-Schism See of Rome. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
    6. ^
      ISBN 1-58044-089-4
    7. ISBN 978-0-473-43697-1
      .
    8. ^ Le Brun, Armand (1889). L'Église Saint-Julien-le-Pauvre d'après les historiens et des documents inédits tirés des archives de l'Assistance publique (in French). Paris: en vente à l'église Saint-Julien-le-Pauvre. pp. 5–9 – via Biblithèque Nationale de France – BNF.

    Further reading

    Wikimedia Commons has media related to Saint Julian the Hospitaller.

    External links

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