Kaohsiung Metro
Kaohsiung Metro | |||
---|---|---|---|
Overview | |||
Owner | Kaohsiung City Government[a] | ||
Locale | Kaohsiung, Taiwan | ||
Transit type | Rapid transit, light rail | ||
Number of lines | 3[2] | ||
Number of stations | 76 | ||
Daily ridership |
| ||
Annual ridership | 46.13 million (2022) | ||
Website | www | ||
Electrification | 750 V DC third rail (MRT) | ||
|
Kaohsiung Metro | |
---|---|
Hanyu Pinyin | Gāoxióng Dūhuìqū Dàzhòng Jiéyùn Xìtǒng |
Wade–Giles | Kao1-hsiung2 Tu1-hui4-ch'ü1 Ta4-chung4 Chieh2-yün4 Hsi4-t'ung3 |
Tongyong Pinyin | Gaosyóng Duhuèicyu Dàjhòng Jiéyùn Sìtǒng |
Southern Min | |
Hokkien POJ | Ko-hiông To·-hōe-khu Toā-chiòng Chia̍t-ūn Hē-thóng |
Kaohsiung Metro (
The system uses romanizations derived from Tongyong Pinyin.[9]
History
The Kaohsiung City Government undertook a feasibility study for constructing a rapid transit system in Kaohsiung in 1987. After finding favorable results, the city government began lobbying the Central Government for approval and funding. In 1990 approval was obtained to establish the Kaohsiung City Mass Rapid Transit Bureau and planning of the rapid transit network started. The first phase of the Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit System, the Red and Orange Lines, was approved in 1991, but disputes in funding shares between Kaohsiung City and County Governments stalled the project. The Kaohsiung City Mass Rapid Transit Bureau was officially established in 1994, to coincide with the project's move into the final scoping and detail design stages.[10]
Work continued until 1996, when the Central Government ordered KMRT to look into constructing the project via the
Construction began in October 2001, with 66 shield tunnels (45.3 km (28.1 mi)) completed in May 2006.[11] The cut-and-cover and bored tunnel methods were used for construction of the lines.[2] In November 2006, the first trial runs began on the Red Line.[11] In January 2007, the last concrete slabs were laid for the 37 planned stations.
Scandals and major construction accidents
1.In August 2004, a section of subway tunnel near Sizihwan metro station at the west end of the Orange line collapsed during construction due to loose sand underground and water break-ins. Four low-rise buildings near the collapsed tunnel had to be evacuated and later on had to be torn down due to major structure damages.[12]
2.The
3.In December 2005, another subway tunnel section of the Orange line at eastern Kaohsiung collapsed during construction. The collapse of the subway tunnel also brought about the collapse of a road tunnel above the subway tunnel. Several nearby buildings were evacuated for several days for inspection. It was estimated that the road tunnel could not be rebuilt and reopened for traffic for at least a few months. In January 2008 the section was still closed and traffic is diverted around the affected area.
Opening
Construction accidents delayed the opening of the MRT considerably from the originally planned December 2006 date. The Sanduo-Siaogang section of the Red Line was eventually opened to the public for free test rides during 8–11 February 2008,[14] and the Red Line (except for 2 stations) opened for service on 9 March 2008.[15] The Orange Line fully opened for service on 14 September 2008.
Ridership
As of December 2013[update], the average daily ridership stands at about 178,975, with ridership figures significantly greater on weekends than on weekdays.[17] During New Year's Eve on 31 December 2012, the system transported 472,378 passengers.[18] KRTC stated that ridership would need to exceed 380,000 passengers per day in order to break even.[19]
Unopened Stations
The R1, R2, and O3 stations were planned originally but never built. The R1 and R2 stations were cancelled before construction, and O3 was cancelled due to a fire at the original station location.
Routes
Kaohsiung Metro is made up of the
The
- Kaohsiung Metro route table:
- In operation: Main lines: 3, Extensions: 0
- Planned: Main lines: 9, Extensions: 6
- Total routes: Main lines: 11, Extension: 6
- Terminated: Main line: 1, Extensions: 1
Line | Termini (District) |
Stations[2] | Length[2] km |
Opening | Depot | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gangshan South (Gangshan) |
Siaogang (Siaogang) |
24 | 28.3 | 2008 | North South | |
Sizihwan (Gushan) |
Daliao (Daliao) |
14 | 14.4 | 2008 | Daliao | |
Lizihnei (Cianjhen) |
Lizihnei (Cianjhen) |
38 | 22.1 | 2015 | Cianjhen |
Red line
From the intersection of Yanhai and Hanmin Roads in the
Orange line
From the west, the Orange line starts at Sizihwan (Linhai 2nd Road), crosses the track yard of TRA Kaohsiung Port Station and follows Dayong Road, passing through Love River. The route then follows Jhongjheng Road as it passes by
Circular light rail
The Circular LRT Line (aka Kaohsiung LRT, Kaohsiung Tram) for
A temporary light rail system for demonstration purposes, with just 2 stations, was built in the Central Park in 2004, using Melbourne D2 Tram cars from Siemens. As it was simply for demonstration purposes, it was closed soon after, and is no longer operational.
Expansion projects
This section needs to be updated.(October 2023) |
Kaohsiung Metro is expected to be extended further into parts of Greater Kaohsiung, as well as Pingtung County.
Active projects
The Kaohsiung Underground Tunnel Project, extending from Baozhen Road, south of Zuoying Station, to Zhengyi Road, covers a distance of approximately 9.75 kilometres (6.06 mi). Alongside a twin-track tunnel, it will construct five commuter stations—Fine Arts Museum, Gushan, Sankuaicuo, Minzu and National Science and Technology Museum —as well as move underground Kaohsiung Station (R11 Station of Kaohsiung Metro included). The Zuoying Project runs from the new Zuoying Station to Baozhen Road, a length of 4.13 kilometres (2.57 mi), with the Neiwei and Zuoying stations to be moved underground. The Fengshan Project is the Kaohsiung project extension to Fengshan. It starts from the east of Dashun Overpass to Dazhi Overpass at Fengshan zone, covering a total length of about 4.3 kilometres (2.7 mi). The project includes adding one new underground commuter station Zhengyi/Chengqing station and the Fengshan Station underground. The Duration for the project is from 2006 to 2018. In 2016, subsequent works are under way on stations, tunnels and rail tracks.
Lines | Terminals | Length in km |
Total Length |
Status | Type | Depot | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Red line | Lujhu extension
|
Dahu–Gangshan South | 13.22 | 13.22 | Under construction ( Gangshan South to Lujhu South) |
Rapid transit |
North South |
Linyuan extension
|
Siaogang–Linyuan Ind'l Park | 12.2 | 12.2 | Approved | Rapid transit |
Linyuan | |
Yellow line | Kaohsiung Exhibition Center–Niaosong | 21.2 | Approved | Rapid transit |
Niaosong | ||
Cianjhen Senior High School–Niaosong |
All projects
Lines | Terminals | Length in km |
Total Length |
Status | Type | Depot | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Red line | Lujhu extension |
Dahu-Gangshan South | 13.22 | 64.62 | Approved. Expected to be completed by 2027 [20] | Rapid transit |
North South |
Main line | Siaogang |
28.3 | In operation | ||||
Linyuan extension | Siaogang —Linyuan Ind'l Park |
12.2 | Approved. Expected to be completed by 2030 [21] | Rapid transit | Linyuan[22] | ||
Donggang extension | Wufang—Dapengwan | 10.9 | Proposed | LRT | |||
Orange line | Main line | Daliao |
14.4 | 43.07 | In operation | Rapid transit |
Daliao |
Daliao extension | Daliao —Linyuan |
14.67 | Proposed | BRT | |||
Pingtung extension | Fongshan Jr. HS —Taisugar PT FTY |
14.0 | Proposed | Rapid transit |
Pingtung[23] | ||
Circular line | Phase I (Main line) | Lizihnei—Hamasen |
8.7 | 22.1 | In operation | LRT | Cianjhen Agriculture 16 Yard |
Phase II (Main line) | Hamasen—LRT Depot | 13.4 | |||||
Yanchao line | Phase I (Main line) | Yuanjhong Harbor—Shu-Te Univ. | 12.78 | 23.17 | Revised | Yanchao OEM | |
Phase II (Main line) | Shenshuei—Buddha Mem. Hall | 10.39 | Proposed | ||||
Youchang line | Main line | Zuoying—Yuanjhong Harbor | 6.4 | 6.4 | Proposed | BRT | |
Yellow line | Kaohsiung Exhibition Center-Niaosong | 21.2 | Approved. Construction expected to begin 2022 [24] | Rapid transit |
Niaosong | ||
Cianjhen Senior High School -Niaosong |
|||||||
Fongshan line | Main line | Ruixiang Jr. HS—Niaosong | 10.38 | 10.38 | Planned | ||
Green line | Main line | Wujia Ruilung—Houjing | 16.15 | 16.15 | Proposed | BRT | |
Foguangshan line | Main line | Siliao—Cable-Stayed Bridge | 16.06 | 16.06 | Proposed | ||
Cijin line | Main line | Sizihwan—Kaisyuan Jhonghua | 7.39 | 7.39 | Proposed | LRT |
Rolling stock
The rolling stock is based on the Siemens Modular Metro design manufactured by Siemens Mobility.[25] Trains run in 3 car sets (though platforms are designed to be able to accommodate up to 6 car sets) and are powered by third rail. Seats are arranged parallel to the windows, unlike their Taipei Metro counterparts. LED displays are installed above every alternate door (other doors show the route map), showing the name of the current station and next station in Chinese and English. Automated announcements are made in Mandarin, Taiwanese (with the exception of Kaohsiung Arena since no Taiwanese translation for the name is available), Hakka, and English, with Japanese announcements at the major stations. The train has AC traction motors with IGBT–VVVF inverters powered by Siemens.
Fares and ticketing
The fares of KMRT is distance-based, with a minimum of NT$20 for trips within 10 km (6.2 mi). The maximum fare on Red Line is NT$60, from Siaogang Station to Ciaotou Station.
One way fare is ticketed with an
Ridership
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Art
Facilities and services
K.R.T. Girls
The K.R.T. Girls are four anime-styled characters that serve as mascots for the Kaohsiung Metro.
See also
Notes
- BOT contract until 2037 where Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation is the concessionaire.[1]
References
- ^ a b "History". krtco.com.tw. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Introduction: Welcome to MBTU". Mass Rapid Transit Bureau, Kaohsiung City. Archived from the original on 2 March 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
- ^ "KRTC Nov. 2023 Traffic Statistics (PDF) - Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation".
- ^ "Notice to Travelers - KRTC-Kaohsiung Metro". www.krtc.com.tw. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
- ^ "Railways". Ministry of Transportation and Communications. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
- ^ Staff writer (8 December 2007). "Kaohsiung firm apologizes for delay in opening MRT". Taipei Times. Retrieved 8 March 2008.
- ^ Wang, Flora (8 March 2008). "Kaohsiung MRT art illuminated". Taipei Times. Retrieved 8 March 2008.
- ^ "張揆主持高捷紅線首航通車典禮 (in Chinese)". Government Information Office 新聞局. 9 March 2008. Archived from the original on 30 November 2010. Retrieved 10 March 2008.
- ^ Liu Chien-kuo; Chen Ting-fei; Kuan Bi-ling; Cheng Pao-chin (18 January 2017). "Language: A tool for messages or identity". Taipei Times. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
Since Taiwan's Tongyong pinyin is closer to how English is actually pronounced and spoken around the world, — it uses "si" instead of "xi" — the new MRT line should use Tongyong pinyin. Kaohsiung's MRT has used Tongyong pinyin for many years, yet foreign visitors and residents have no problem navigating the system.
- ^ a b KMRT History - Kaohsiung City Mass Rapid Transit Bureau official site (Traditional Chinese) Archived 2014-08-19 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c "The Special Features And Prospect For Kaohsiung Rapid Transit System Project" (PDF). Retrieved 16 January 2011.
- ^ "Construction halts on Kaohsiung Orange Line". The Taipei Times. 14 August 2004. p. 2.
- ^ "Probe into Kaohsiung MRT project urged". Taiwan News. 5 October 2004. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007.
- ^ "The China Post". The China Post. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
- ETtoday. Retrieved 10 March 2008.
- ^ "The China Post". The China Post. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
- ^ "KRTC Transport Volume Statistics" (PDF). Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation (via: http://www.krtco.com.tw/en/about_StatisticalData.aspx). 6 January 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
{{cite web}}
: External link in
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- ^ "高雄捷運公司運量統計表" (PDF). Retrieved 7 December 2017.
- ^ "Kaohsiung MRT predicts 11% rise in passenger traffic". Taipei Times. 4 January 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
- ^ "Government approves Kaohsiung MRT extension | Taiwan News | 2016-11-29 10:00:00".
- ^ "News". mtbu.kcg.gov.tw. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
- ^ 本機廠並未命名,位在林園區
- ^ 本機廠並未命名,位在OP5站附近
- ^ "New Kaohsiung MRT line approved; construction to start later this year - Focus Taiwan". Focus Taiwan - CNA English News. 20 March 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
- ^ "Siemens Mobility References". Archived from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
External links
- Kaohsiung Future LRT Network Map
- Official website
- Mass Rapid Transit Bureau of Kaohsiung City Government