Dubai Metro
Dubai Metro | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Native name | مترو دبي |
Owner | Roads & Transport Authority |
Locale | Dubai, United Arab Emirates |
Transit type | Rapid transit |
Number of lines | 2 (3 in 2029) |
Number of stations | 53 |
Daily ridership | 684,000 (2023) |
Annual ridership | 249,660,000 (2023 Estimated) |
Headquarters | Dubai Metro OCC |
Website | www |
Operation | |
Began operation | September 9, 2009 |
Operator(s) | keolis |
Infrastructure manager(s) | Keolis-MHI Octopus Cards Limited |
Train length | 5 |
Technical | |
System length | 89.6 km (55.7 mi) |
No. of tracks | 2 |
standard gauge | |
Electrification | Third rail, 750 V DC[1] |
Top speed | 95 kmph (59 mph) |
The Dubai Metro (
The
All trains are
The first section of the Red Line, covering 10 stations, was ceremonially inaugurated at 9:09:09 pm on 9 September 2009, by
More than 110,000 people, or nearly 10 percent of Dubai's population, used the Metro in its first two days of operation.[9] The Dubai Metro carried 10 million passengers from launch on 9 September 2009 to 9 February 2010 with 11 stations operational on the Red Line.[10] Engineering consultancy Atkins provided full multidisciplinary design and management of the civil works on Dubai Metro.[11][12]
Until 2016, the Dubai Metro was the world's longest driverless metro network with a route length of 75 kilometres (47 mi), as recognized by Guinness World Records in 2012.[13] The system was surpassed by the Vancouver SkyTrain in 2016 for the longest fully automated system in the world but regained the title in 2021 with the opening of Route 2020. However, its total route length have since been surpassed by the automated lines of the Singapore MRT. Nevertheless, the Red Line, at 52.1 kilometres (32.4 mi), remains the world's longest driverless single metro line.[14]
Construction
Planning of the Dubai Metro began under the directive of Dubai's Ruler,
In 2004, five consortium were shortlisted to build the first section:[16][17]
- Bilfinger Berger, Taisei Corporation, Besix & Alstom
- Vinci, Hochtief, CCIC & Ansaldo
- Obayashi, Yapı Merkezi & Mitsubishi
- Odebrecht, Parsons & Bombardier
- Saudi Binladin Group, Diwidag & Siemens
In May 2005, a
Cost issues
The construction cost of the Dubai Metro project has shot up by about 80 percent from the original AED 15.5 billion/US$4.2 billion to AED 28 billion/US$7.8 billion.[23] The authorities contradicted this, saying that the cost of the project did not overshoot. They attributed the increase in expenditure to the major changes in the scope and design of the project. The authorities also expect to generate AED 18 billion/US$4.9 billion in income over the next 10 years, but they speculate that the Metro would not be a profit-making enterprise since the fares would be subsidized.[citation needed]
Delays
Work officially commenced on the construction of the metro on 21 March 2006.[24] In February 2009, an RTA Rail Agency official stated the US$4.2 billion Dubai Metro project would be completed on schedule despite the global crisis.[25] However, only 10 out of 29 metro stations of the Red Line opened on 9 September 2009.[21]
Construction of the 18 stations on the Red Line and another 18 on the Green Line restarted on 7 February 2010, according to contractors, after a settlement was reached with a Japanese-led consortium over disputed payments of about US$2 billion–US$3 billion.[citation needed] Construction of all 29 metro stations on the Red Line was declared complete on 28 April 2010 by the acting chief of the RTA Rail Agency.
Seven more stations on the
Operation
The Dubai Metro was operated by
Red Line trains run every 5 to 7 minutes off-peak (averaging 8.5 trains per hour), with a minimum headway of 3 minutes 45 seconds (16 trains per hour) during peak hours, with 44 trainsets in service. Trains from the Red Line and Green Line can depart differently due to technical glitches. From 2010, when 51 trains were in service, the line had a peak-hour capacity of 11,675 passengers per hour in each direction. As of September 2014[update], the Red Line operates 60 trains (train registrations 5001–5045, 5065–5079) The theoretical maximum design capacity is 25,720 passengers per hour, which would require 106 trains.[citation needed][33]
The Green Line had an initial capacity of 6,395 passengers per hour per direction, with 19 trains (train registrations 5046–5064) in service as of September 2014. The design capacity of this route is put at 13,380 passengers per hour with 60 trains in service.[34]
Ridership
Over 280,000 passengers used the Dubai Metro during the first week of its operation.[35]
Before launch, Dubai Municipality Public Transport Department expected the metro to provide transport for 12% of all trips in Dubai. After the first month of operation (on a limited network), the monthly total was 1,740,578 passengers, which equates to under 60,000 passengers/day.[36] After the opening of more stations in May 2010, ridership surged to 103,002 passengers/day and reached 130,000/day by the beginning of October 2010. When the Green Line opened on 9 September 2011, passengers on the Red Line was noted as 180,000/day. In 2013, passengers rose to 377,000/day, split 64% for the Red Line and 36% for the Green Line.[37] During the first half of 2015, RTA announced that 88,252,034 passengers have used the metro.[38] In August 2017, RTA announced that total ridership since 2009 had surpassed 1 billion total trips.
Statistics 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Lines 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Kilometres 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 74.6 Trips (Red Line) 104,961 115,670 Trips (Green Line) 93,795 94,189 Trips (Total) 198,756 209,759 Passengers (Red Line) 6,892,544 38,887,718 60,024,794 71,914,000 88,886,539 104,000,000[39] 121,000,000[40] 121,600,000[41] 128,054,000[41] 132,400,000[42] Passengers (Green Line) 8,982,256 37,576,000 48,872,719 65,942,000[40] 69,708,000[40] 69,700,000[41] 72,021,000[41] 72,000,000[42] 70,612,933[42] Passengers (Total) 6,892,544 38,887,718 69,007,050 109,490,000 137,759,258 186,942,000[40] 190,708,000[40] 191,300,000[41] 200,075,000[41] 204,000,000[42] 202,978,067[42]
One issue for the new system was how to reliably and comfortably get riders to their final destination if it is not located near a metro station. The RTA has added "feeder bus routes" also known as Metro link buses. Seen in Blue and White. Which act as shuttle services to and from major locations in and around the station area. There are bus and taxi laybys constructed as well as drop off zones at each station for ease of passenger access.[43]
In addition 268 km of light rail lines are also planned, these will serve as feeders to the Dubai Metro. The Dubai Tram is one of the light rail plans.[43]
Signalling
To permit fully automated operation, Thales Rail Signalling Solutions is supplying its SelTrac IS communications-based train control and NetTrac central control technology. This is configured for a minimum headway of 90 seconds (40 trains per hour). The top speed of the trains is estimated to be around 95 km/h (59 mph), giving a round-trip time of 2 hours 23 minutes for the Red Line and 1 hour 23 minutes for the Green Line.[44]
Lines
Existing
The first two lines of the Dubai Metro have 70 kilometres (43 mi) of lines, and 47 stations (nine of them being underground).[45] The red line stretches along the city from the Jebel Ali area to the border with Sharjah. It passes through several tourist attractions such as Mall of the Emirates, The Dubai Mall and Burj Khalifa. The green line, on the other hand, stays within the old Dubai area. It passes through many historical sites, such as the Dubai Museum, the Gold Souk, the Spice Souk among others. Because of that, many stations near those places are themed on the history of Dubai, with photos depicting the UAE in the 1960s or earlier being on display within the station. Some stations are even specially designed with the architecture of traditional Emirati houses, mirroring the architecture in the surrounding area.
Latest finished projects
Summary of lines
Lines | Terminals | Construction started | Opened | Newest Extension | Length km |
Stations | Trip time | Average speed | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Red Line | Centrepoint | Expo City Dubai | 2006 | 2009 | 2021 | 67 | 31 | 55–75 minutes | 60–80 km/h |
UAE Exchange | 2006 | 2009 | 2021 | 14.3 | 5 | 11 minutes | |||
Green Line | Etisalat
|
Creek | 2006 | 2011 | 2014 | 22.5 | 20 | 39–40 minutes | 60–90 km/h |
Blue Line | Creek | Academic City | 21 | 10 | |||||
Centrepoint | 9 | 4 |
Proposed
In 2011, the RTA stated that there are no "immediate plans" to build the Blue and Purple lines "in the next five or six years". This is mainly because the planned area is empty and developing.[50]
In 2013, the RTA laid out a three-phase plan to expand the existing lines and build new ones: extending the Green Line by 12 stations and 24 kilometres (15 mi) to Academic City by 2020; expanding the overall system by 58 stations and 91 kilometres (57 mi) by 2025 and completing expansion with a total of 69 stations and 221 km over and above the present 47 stations and 70 kilometres (43 mi) that are present as of January 2013.
- Purple Line: along Al Khail Road (E44). The line will extend from the Al Maktoum International Airport to Muhaisnah, a locality near the border between Dubai and Sharjah.[51] There will be about eight stations, three with check-in facilities. However, The Dubai Airports Authority claimed that this was unfeasible as it did not pass through many localities. They however suggested opting for a "central terminal" similar to those in Europe where trains leave from inside the airport to the other airport with trains also leaving to the city. The RTA have taken this into consideration.[citation needed]
- Pink Line: The Pink Line is planned to run east–west with a terminus at Al Sufouh and is scheduled for completion by 2030.[52]
- Gold Line: Announced as the 'Yellow Line' in April 2008 and confirmed in January 2013 as the 'Gold Line'.[43] One of the stations planned for the Gold Line is the Dubailand Station, west of Meydan.[53] The Gold Line will connect Arabian Ranches, Deira, and Dubai Marina and is scheduled to open by 2025.[52]
- Red Line Extension: 15.5 kilometres (9.6 mi) and six new stations, terminating at the border with Abu Dhabi. No dates for completion announced.[54]
In 2014, the RTA approved the recent proposal of extending the Red Line from Al Rashidiya station to Mirdif City Center which will increase 3.5 kilometers with the new station. However, there is also a proposal to extend it further to Al Warqa’a which is currently being studied.[55]
On the Green Line, the RTA finalized the extension plan of 20.6 kilometers from Al Jaddaf to
In 2018, the engineering firm Aurecon produced a study into a 7.5 km express metro line from Al Qiyadah station on the Green Line till Sharjah.[58] The line would cost AED 3 billion, and could reduce traffic congestion between the two cities by up to 30%.
Stations
Dubai Metro is composed of at-grade (G) elevated Type 1, Type 2 and Type 3 (T1, T2 and T3, respectively) underground stations (U) and underground transfer station types (UT).[citation needed] Type 1 is the regular at-grade concourse station, Type 2 is a regular elevated concourse station, and Type 3 is an elevated special track station with an extra track to hold a non-operational train. Underground transfer stations accommodate both the Red and Green lines for easy transfers.[citation needed][33]
Besides these differences, there are five themes used in the interiors of the stations:[59] The red line individually has 29 stations including the Interchange Stations between Green Line. The green line has 20 stations including the Interchange Stations between Red Line. Route 2020 (Connected with the Red Line from Jebel Ali) individually has 7 stations in total (including Jebel Ali; 6 without it).
Inside the stations will have air conditions from 24 to 21 Celsius.
- Heritage: Symbolizes the culture and history of the United Arab Emirates.
- Earth: Marks the start of the Dubai modern and urban drive, which resembles the force and durability of earth and soil.
- Air: Symbolizes the elation and joy that Dubai provides to residents and visitors.
- Fire: Symbolizes the energy, vigour and strong will displayed by Dubai leaders.
- Water: Symbolizes the human values which Dubai seeks to ensure in its modern achievements.
The Earth stations have a tan-brown colour effects; water has blue-white colour effects; fire has orange-red colour effects; and the air has green colour effects.[60][61]
Officials have negotiated with international and local companies over
Most stations have a ZOOM market inside.
Parking
The Dubai Metro has built three large multi-level car parking with an estimated capacity to accommodate more than 8,000 vehicles for the passengers where they can park their car and ride the metro.
Stations | Line | Spaces |
---|---|---|
Centrepoint (Rashidiya) Metro Station | Red Line | 2700 cars |
Jabal Ali Metro Station | Red Line, Branch | 3000 cars |
Etisalat by e& Metro Station | Green Line | 2300 cars |
Jumeirah Golf Estates Metro Station | Red Line | 400 cars |
The parking is free for the metro users.
Handicapped facilities
All metro stations have elevators and contrasting tactile guidance path to guide the visually impaired. There are also dedicated spaces for wheelchair users on all the trains. Handicapped passengers, also known as 'people of determination' in the UAE, can ride with any RTA service for free with a special, personalized Nol Card.
Safety
Emergency stop buttons, intercoms and platform screen doors with corresponding flashing light signals are installed at every station for the safety of the passengers. Trains are equipped with emergency stop buttons, door release levers, intercoms and fire extinguishers. CCTV is operational throughout the entire network and in trains and police officers are regularly on patrol in the stations, especially during rush hours.
Telecommunication
Wi-Fi connectivity is available across all trains and stations and is provided by du which is in par with the Wi-Fi UAE program which provides Wi-Fi connectivity across major parts of UAE. Mobile phone coverage is available across the entire network of the metro. The metro itself has Wi-Fi connectivity inside for the commuters to access with two tiers of Internet access with the normal service being free whereas the premium service can be accessed by a nominal fee.[63]
Travelling
The Dubai Transport is divided into 4 tiers (5 zones). The prices were slightly increased as of 11 November 2014.[citation needed][64] The cheapest ticket (not preloaded, and not in the "gold" class) with a distance not more than 3 km cost 3 AED (about $0.82) – the equivalent of Tier 0, and most costly single trip (Tier 3, exceed 2 zones, and paper not preloaded ticket also[clarification needed]) 7.5 AED (about $2.04) and was not increased from opening. Tier 1 is one zone trip, where the travel exceeds 3 km, Tier 2 is neighbouring 2 zones travel. Also (excluding Gold class) using cards there is "no more paying" – a free rest of day travel if the cost exceeds 14 AED (about $3.81).[65][66]
Ticketing
The Dubai Metro has a fixed fare based on three tiers and travelling under 3 km costs 3 AED.[67] The tiers are:
Tiers |
---|
Tier 1 |3 AED| Within 1 zone start and end in same zone |
Tier 2 |5 AED| Starts in 1 zone and ends in neighboring zone |
Tier 3 |7.5 AED| Crosses 3 or more zones |
The Nol Card are used by the passengers to check-in and check-out at the gates in their destination station. No other payment form (cash, credit card) can be used. The fare will be automatically deducted based on the number of zones traveled. Passengers will be allowed to check-in when their card has more than minimum credit required.
Children below the age of 5 years or less than 90 cm and people with disabilities (personalized Nol Card required) will be eligible to travel the metro for free.
There is also a Nol Card available for students & seniors, and they can get a student & senior citizens' discount (usually half of the fare).
Rolling stock
Japanese manufacturer
50 new trains, the Alstom Metropolis, were introduced in November 2018.[72] The trains have higher capacity, 696 passengers, up from 643 passenger on the current trains.[73] This will increase passenger capacity by about 10%. The new trains have a refreshed interior with better air conditioning, digital maps, improved speed, brakes and doors.[72] Out of these 50 trains, all 50 are running on the Red and Green Lines (mostly the Green Line).
Culture
Music Festival
Brand Dubai collaborated with
Year | Stations | Dates | Timings | Musicians | Nationalities | Instruments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2019 | Union, BurJuman, Burj Khalifa / Dubai Mall, Mall of the Emirates, DMCC | March 17–23, 2019 | 6am-12pm, 4pm-9pm (Union, BurJuman, Mall of the Emirates and DMCC), 12-4pm (Burj Khalifa / Dubai Mall) | Aksana Laukava, Vineet Panchal, PorcaPizza | Belarus, India, Italy | Recycled One Man Band
|
2020 | None because of COVID-19 | |||||
2021 | None because of COVID-19 | |||||
2022 | Expo 2020 |
March 16–22, 2022 | 4-10pm | Inass Halal, Christophe Servas, Al Taj, Jose Luis Torres | Syria, France, Egypt, Ecuador | One Man Band
|
2023 | Union, BurJuman, Financial Centre, Mall of the Emirates, Sobha Realty | March 6–12, 2023 | 4-10pm | John Buttigieg, Anetta Morozova, Isabelle Clarençon | Australia, Russia, France | DJ and Piano
|
2024 | None because of Untold Dubai 2024 |
Guinness World Record
On 1 November 2018, as part of the RTA's Public Transport Day, the longest diverse human chain of hand was formed in a Dubai metro train at
Dubai Metro Museum
Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, gave his directions to transform Dubai Metro stations into art museums under the supervision of Dubai Culture and Arts Authority, The project was announced early April 2014 and aims at displaying contemporary and modern art.[75]
Incidents and accidents
- 10 September 2009one metro train broke down and passengers were stranded for two hours before being picked up by a second train. : [76]
- 28 February 2010Thousands of commuters were affected after part of Dubai Metro's Red Line was closed after a small fire on the track. A section of the Red Line between Al Jafiliya Station near Za'abeel Park and Terminal 3 Station was shut at around 7 pm and remained closed until Monday morning. Trains were evacuated at Burjuman (formerly Khalid Bin Al Waleed), Union Station and Al Rigga Station. A Dubai Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) spokesman confirmed there was smoke on the underground track between Union and Burjuman Station. However, RTA officials remained tight-lipped about what had caused the incident. : [77]
- 25 December 2011Passengers reported that some trains stalling and others moving 'at snail’s pace' due to technical problems. The RTA confirmed that both the Red and Green lines of the metro were running slow, in both directions, due to "some technical issues". : [78]
- 3 December 2012The Dubai Metro saw its first death when a man committed suicide by lying down on the metro tracks and was run over by the automated train. : [79]
- 12 August 2014Commuters on a segment of the Dubai Metro’s Red Line were stranded after a train (registered 5075) stopped between Al Karama and Al Jafiliya stations during peak hours following a technical snag at around 7 pm. According to a Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) official, the train on the Red Line experienced an electrical failure, causing the metro to stall operations between the Union and Business Bay metro stations leaving 2000 passengers stranded. The Green Line operated as usual. The passengers stranded in the train broke the emergency door using the hammer and opened the door as there was no air conditioning available and walked to Al Karama Metro Station by walking on the viaduct. Two hours later, the Metro services were fully restored. : [80]
- 29 October 2014In late evening, commuters on the Dubai Metro were stranded at stations due to trains between Business Bay station and Nakheel station stopped operating in both directions due to a technical glitch. The systems were fully restored one hour later. : [81]
- 3 April 2016 – Passengers were left stranded during evening rush hour after a technical snag delayed train services on the Red Line. Systems were restored in 30 minutes.[82]
- 24 August 2017 – A man commits suicide in Noor Bank Metro Station. The station was shut down for one hour following the incident.[83]
- 6 November 2017 – Passengers commuting on the Red Line were left stranded after a technical glitch caused train services to temporarily stall specifically near Jumeirah Lakes Towers (now DMCC) and UAE Exchange stations. Services returned to normal at 12:32 PM.[84]
- 6 March 2024 : Commuters traveling on the Red Line experienced delays when a technical issue halted train services, forcing them to walk from al Khail to Internet City, particularly near Internet City station and Equiti station. Normal service resumed after 45 minutes.
- 16 April 2024: Excessive flooding caused by heavy rain forced 23 stations to shut down around 8 pm, including Abu Baker al Siddique Station to Al Ras Station, Deira City Center Station to Union Metro Station, and World Trade Center Station to UAE Exchange Station.[85][86] Passengers were left stranded after being forced to disembark the trains and leave the stations. Stations on Route 2020 stayed open.[87] Many bus routes were also affected, giving many commuters no choice but to walk home. 17 April: Around 4:30 PM, 4 prominent stations on the red line reopened.[88] 18 April: At 1:50 PM, it was announced that Mall of the Emirates and Dubai Internet City Stations were operating normally.[89] 19 April: At 4:20 PM, nearly 3 days after the initial shutdown, the Red Line began operating normally except for 4 stations, namely ONPASSIVE, Equiti, mashreq, and Energy.[90] Three hours later, the Green line became fully operational with the reopening of 2 underground stations and one elevated station.[91]
See also
- Nol Card
- Dubai Tram
- Transportation in Dubai
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