Konostaulos

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Konostaulos or konostablos ("constable", in

Palaiologan period
(1261–1453) and was awarded to high-ranking generals.

History

It was adopted in the 11th century, under influence from the

comes stabuli ("count of the stable").[1][2] In the 11th–12th centuries, the konostaulos appears to have been a purely honorary title, although it may also have replaced the middle Byzantine komēs tou staulou, the direct descendant of the late Roman comes stabuli, in his functions.[3]

In the last years of the reign of the

pseudo-Kodinos: a gold-brocaded brimmed hat (skiadion), a plain silk kabbadion tunic, but without the usual staff of office (dikanikion). For ceremonies and festivities, he bore the domed skaranikon hat, of orange silk and decorated with gold wire embroidery, and with an enameled portrait of the emperor standing in front and another of the emperor enthroned on the rear.[2] The simple title konostaulos continued in use, at least in the Despotate of the Morea, but its functions are unclear.[2][8]

List of known megaloi konostauloi

Name Tenure Appointed by Notes Refs
Michael Palaiologos 1253/4 – 1259
John III Vatatzes
 He was raised to the rank upon his marriage to the emperor's niece in winter 1253/4. He was relieved of it when he fled to the Turks in summer 1256 but restored on his return in early 1257. Appointed regent and co-emperor to
Palaiologan dynasty
. 		[9][10]
Michael Kantakouzenos unknown – 1264 Michael VIII Palaiologos A general of Michael VIII, and ancestor of the Kantakouzenos dynasty. First governor of Monemvasia after its recovery from the Latins, he was killed in a skirmish at Mesiskli in 1263/4. [11][12]
Andronikos Tarchaneiotes 1267–1272 Michael VIII Palaiologos Nephew of Michael VIII, he was raised to the dignity on his marriage to the daughter of John I Doukas of Thessaly, but soon defected to his father-in-law, resulting in renewed hostilities with Byzantium. [9][13][14]
Michael Kaballarios unknown – 1277 Michael VIII Palaiologos A general of distinguished birth, he was mortally wounded in the Battle of Pharsalus against John I Doukas of Thessaly. [9][15]
Licario after 1277 Michael VIII Palaiologos Lombard renegade in Byzantine service, he conquered Euboea and several Aegean islands for the Empire. Raised to the rank of megas doux, he was promoted to the post of megas konostaulos following the death of Kaballarios. [9]
Michael Doukas Glabas Tarchaneiotes circa 1297 Andronikos II Palaiologos One of the most distinguished generals of the Palaiologan era, later raised to protostrator [9]
Michael Tornikes Komnenos Asan Palaiologos unknown Andronikos II Palaiologos The eldest son of Tsar Ivan Asen III of Bulgaria and cousin of Andronikos II, who esteemed his character and counsel. [16]
John Synadenos unknown Andronikos II Palaiologos or
Andronikos III Palaiologos 		Son of the
Byzantine civil war of 1321–28
, where he acted as envoy of Andronikos III to his grandfather 		[16]
Alexios Kabasilas circa 1339 Andronikos III Palaiologos An Epirote soldier, he held the fortress of Rogoi against Andronikos III, but was persuaded to surrender it by John Kantakouzenos. [16]
Michael Monomachos circa 1343 John V Palaiologos A partisan of Alexios Apokaukos and an experienced and capable soldier, he was raised to the dignity by Apokaukos during the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347. [16]
Isaris unknown John V Palaiologos He is only known as the founder of the New Monastery in
Thessalonica
, some time before 1376. 		[16]
Leonardo II Tocco 1415–1418/9 Manuel II Palaiologos Younger brother of
Sphrantzes
reports that Constantine, out of deference to his late father-in-law, refused to name anyone else to the vacant title. 		[17][18]

References

  1. ^ a b c ODB, "Konostaulos" (A. Kazhdan), p. 1147.
  2. ^ a b c Guilland 1967, p. 471.
  3. ^ ODB, "Komes tou staulou (A. Kazhdan), p. 1140; "Konostaulos" (A. Kazhdan), p. 1147.
  4. ^ Guilland 1967, pp. 471–472.
  5. ^ Bartusis 1997, p. 28.
  6. ^ Bartusis 1997, p. 245.
  7. ^ Bartusis 1997, pp. 243, 245.
  8. ^ Bartusis 1997, p. 382.
  9. ^ a b c d e Guilland 1967, p. 472.
  10. ^ Macrides 2007, pp. 312–314.
  11. ^ Geanakoplos 1959, pp. 157, 173.
  12. ^ ODB, "Kantakouzenos" (A. Kazhdan), pp. 1103–1104.
  13. ^ Failler & Laurent 1984, pp. 398ff..
  14. ^ Geanakoplos 1959, p. 231.
  15. ^ Geanakoplos 1959, p. 297.
  16. ^ a b c d e Guilland 1967, p. 473.
  17. ^ Guilland 1967, p. 474.
  18. ^ PLP, 29008. Τόκκω, Λεονάρδος ΙΙ. Κατακουζηνᾶτος δὲ.

Sources

  • Bartusis, Mark C. (1997). The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society 1204–1453. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.
    ISBN 0-8122-1620-2
    .
  • Failler, Albert;
    ISBN 2-251-32231-0
    .
  • OCLC 1011763434
    .
  • OCLC 878894516
    .
  • ISBN 0-19-504652-8
    .
  • Macrides, Ruth (2007). George Akropolites: The History. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    ISBN 978-0-19-921067-1
    .
  • Trapp, Erich; Beyer, Hans-Veit; Walther, Rainer; Sturm-Schnabl, Katja; Kislinger, Ewald; Leontiadis, Ioannis; Kaplaneres, Sokrates (1976–1996).
    ISBN 3-7001-3003-1
    .
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