Kotys
Etymology
The name Kotys is believed to have meant "war, slaughter", akin to Old Norse Höðr "war, slaughter".[1]
Worship
Worship of Kotys was apparently adopted publicly in Corinth (c. 425 BC),[2][3] and perhaps privately in Athens about the same time, and was connected, like that of Dionysus, with licentious frivolity. It then included a baptismal ceremony. Kotys was often worshipped during nocturnal ceremonies, which were associated with rampant insobriety and obscene behaviour.[4]
Her worship appears to have spread even as far as
Those who celebrated her festival were called βάπται or baptes, which means "bathers,"[6] from the purifications which were originally connected with the solemnity: the pre-worship purification ceremony involved an elaborate bathing ritual.
Some Greeks considered Kotys to be an aspect of
In Literature
- Baptae by Eupolis portrays celebrities of the time as worshippers of Kotys who engage in perversion and crossdressing during their acts of worship.[10]
- "Comus" by John Milton briefly alludes to Cotytto as a dark-veiled goddess and mysterious dame whose secret flames burns midnight torches.[11]
- Algernon Charles Swinburne’s poem “Prelude” in Songs Before Sunrise references Cotys's orgiastic nature and role as a goddess of the Edones in Thrace.[12]
- Cotys is the name of the main character in Aleister Crowley’s short story “The Stone of Cybele.” She is not the goddess with the same name, though she bears some similarities, and another character recites poetry about the goddess to her.[13]
References
- ^ Also cognate: Irish cath "war, battle", early German Hader "quarrel", Greek kótos "hatred", Old Church Slavonic kotora "fight, brawl", Sanskrit śatru "enemy, nemesis", and Hittite kattu "spiteful". See Orel, Vladimir. A Handbook of Germanic Etymology. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, 2003: 165.
- ^ Suda Encyclopedia,kappa 2171
- ^ Suda Encyclopedia, theta 381
- ^ Cobham Brewer, Ebenezer (1894). Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable - Revised and Updated Edition. New York: Harper & Brothers. pp. 73.
- ^ Strab. x. p.470; Hesych. Suid. s. vv. Κότυς, Διασώτης; Horat. Epod. 17.56; Juv. 2.92; Virg. Catal. 5.19.
- ^ βάπτω, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
- ISBN 0-7661-7834-X.
- ^ Detschew, Dimiter. Die Thrakische Sprachreste. Wien, 1957: p. 258 (in German)
- ^ Suda, ka.2171
- ^ Olson, S. Douglas (2017-01-01). "Text and Commentary on Eupolis frr. 1–146". Fragmenta Comica 8.1 (Heidelberg Academy).
- ^ Milton, John. "Comus: Text". milton.host.dartmouth.edu. Retrieved 2023-08-09.
- ^ Swinburne, Algernon Charles. "Prelude - Songs Before Sunrise". www.telelib.com. Retrieved 2023-08-09.
- ISBN 978-0933429031.
Bibliography
- "Cotys", The Editors. Encyclopedia Britannica, 31 Oct. 2007. Accessed 24 January 2022.
- "Cotys (1)", William Smith (ed.) Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. 1. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1867.
External links
- "COTYS (Kotys) - Thracian Goddess of the Wilds", Theoi Project, 2017. Accessed 24 January 2022.