Krishna III

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Krishna III
Rashtrakuta
FatherAmoghavarsha III
ReligionHinduism
(Vaishnavism)
Rashtrakuta dynasty
Old Kannada inscription dated c. 944–45 CE of Rashtrakuta Emperor Krishna III

Krishna III whose

Ceylon in the south and from the eastern sea to the western seas. This grant also states that when the emperor Krishna III mobilised his armies, the kings of Chola, Bengal, Kannauj, Andhra and Pandya regions used to quiver.[5]

Southern Conquests

He slew the

Tanjore, according to the Siddalingamadam plates of 944.[7]

In c. 949, he defeated the Cholas decisively in a

Pandyas and the Chera ruler of Kerala.[12] He also obtained the submission of the King of Ceylon, extracted tributes from the Manadlika rulers, and erected a pillar of victory at Ramesvaram.[8][13] This victory is narrated in Somadeva's writing Yashatilaka Champu of 959 as well.[14]

However, from location of the inscriptions it is argued that Krishna III had full control only of Tondaimandalam (northern Tamil Nadu) as his inscriptions are not found further south in modern Tamil Nadu.[15] After these victories he proclaimed himself "Conqueror of Kacci and Tanjai" (Kanchi and Tanjore).[16] He exerted influence on Vengi (modern Andhra Pradesh) by helping Badapa secure the throne against his competitor Amma II. Later, Danarnava of Vengi became his feudatory.

Northern conquests

While Krishna III focussed on southern

Ujjayani (which lies in the Paramara territory of Malwa). Based on this, some historians such as A. S. Altekar conclude that the Paramara king Siyaka must have rebelled against the Rashtrakuta suzerainty, resulting in a military campaign against him. Thus, Marasimha must have also defeated the Paramaras. However, K. N. Sethi believes that Krishna III only targeted the Gurjara-Pratiharas: there is no evidence to show that Siyaka rebelled against Krishna III or faced a battle against his forces.[17]

At his peak, Krishna III ruled an empire that extended at least from the

Seuna (ruled by Vaddiga) and the northern Kalachuris were his feudatories in the northern Deccan and central India.[18]

This enmity with the northern Kalachuris of Tripuri proved fatal to the empire towards the end of his rule. Krishna III was also perhaps reckless in giving large fiefs (land grants) to his commanders. He gave the province of Tardavadi (present day Vijayapura district) sometime before 965 to Tailapa II his Chalukya feudatory right in the heart of his empire. This later turned out to be to the Rashtrakutas' undoing.

Notes

  1. ^ Kamath (2001), p84, p90
  2. ^ Sastri (1955), p356
  3. Reu
    (1933), p86
  4. ^ a b Reu (1933), p82
  5. ^ Reu (1933), p43
  6. ^ Kamath (2001), p82
  7. ^ a b Kamath (2001), p83
  8. ^ a b From the Karhad record of 949 (Kamath 2001, p83)
  9. ^ From the Atakur inscription (Kamath 2001, p83)
  10. ^ Sarma (1992), p20, p28, p133
  11. ^ Adiga (2006), p120, p307
  12. ^ Narayanan, M. G. S. Perumāḷs of Kerala: Brahmin Oligarchy and Ritual Monarchy: Political and Social Conditions of Kerala Under the Cēra Perumāḷs of Makōtai (c. AD 800 – AD 1124). Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 100–101.
  13. ^ From the Sholapur copper plate inscriptions of 958 (Reu 1933, p84, p85)
  14. Ceylon
    ) (Reu 1933, p86)
  15. ^ Sathianath Ayer in Kamath 2001, p83
  16. ^ from the Tirukkalukkunram and Lakshmeshvara inscriptions (Reu 1933, p83, p85)
  17. ^ Seth 1978, pp. 80–81.
  18. ^ However the Deoli inscriptions state that the Rashtrakuta control extended from the Himalayas in the north to Ceylon in the south and from the eastern sea to the western sea (Reu 1933, p83, p84)

References

  • Sastri, Nilakanta K.A. (2002) [1955]. A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar. New Delhi: Indian Branch, Oxford University Press.
    ISBN 0-19-560686-8
    .
  • Kamath, Suryanath U. (2001) [1980]. A concise history of Karnataka : from pre-historic times to the present. Bangalore: Jupiter books.
    OCLC 7796041
    .
  • Narasimhacharya, R (1988) [1988]. History of Kannada Literature. New Delhi, Madras: Asian Educational Services.
    ISBN 81-206-0303-6
    .
  • Reu, Pandit Bisheshwar Nath (1997) [1933]. History of The Rashtrakutas (Rathodas). Jaipur: Publication scheme.
    ISBN 81-86782-12-5
    .
  • Adiga, Malini (2006) [2006]. The Making of Southern Karnataka: Society, Polity and Culture in the early medieval period, AD 400–1030. Chennai: Orient Longman.
    ISBN 81-250-2912-5
    .
  • ISBN 0-19-560686-8
    .
  • Seth, Krishna Narain (1978). The Growth of the Paramara Power in Malwa. Progress.

External links

Preceded by King of the
Rashtrakuta
dynasty
939–967 		Succeeded by
Khottiga Amoghavarsha
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