Lipnica Murowana

Lipnica Murowana [lipˈɲit͡sa murɔˈvana] is a village in southern Poland. It lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-east of Bochnia and 48 km (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kraków. It is the seat of the district called Gmina Lipnica Murowana, within Bochnia County.^[1]

The village is the site of

Name

Lipnica was first mentioned in the 1320s, when its name was spelled Lypnycza. In a 1327 document, it was called Villa Conradi, while in 1342, its name was presented as civitatis Lipnik. In a court document from 1445, the town was called Lipnicza murata, while in 1588 King

History

Lipnica Murowana is located along the Uszwica river valley, among the hills of the Island Beskids. First Slavic settlements here date back to the early Middle Ages, and according to parish documents from 1781, first Roman Catholic church was established here in 1141, but this has not been confirmed by any other sources.

It is not known when Lipnica or Lipnik, as it was called, was granted

The period of prosperity for Lipnica ended in the 1650s, when, during the catastrophic Swedish invasion of Poland (known as the "Deluge"), the town was captured and burned to the ground by Swedes and Transilvanians. Lipnica has never recovered from the destruction, and gradually lost its importance. Following the first partition of Poland (1772), Lipnica was annexed by the Habsburg Empire, and remained in Austrian Galicia until 1918. During Austrian rule, Lipnica further declined, and its residents lived in widespread poverty.

In early months of World War I, the area of Lipnica witnessed heavy fighting between Russian and Austro-Hungarian troops (see Battle of Galicia). The town was destroyed, and after the frontline had moved eastwards, local residents starved. In 1918, Lipnica became part of Krakow Voivodeship, Second Polish Republic. On July 1, 1934, it lost its town charter, and the mayor was replaced by the voigt.

References

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