List of software package management systems

This is a list of notable software package management systems, categorized first by package format (binary, source code, hybrid) and then by operating system family.^[1]

Binary packages

The following package management systems distribute apps in

• APT. The ncurses-based front-end for APT, aptitude
  , is also a popular package manager for Debian-based systems;
• Entropy: Used by and created for Sabayon Linux. It works with binary packages that are bzip2-compressed tar archives (file extension: .tbz2), that are created using Entropy itself, from tbz2 binaries produced by Portage: From ebuilds, a type of specialized shell script;
• Flatpak: A containerized/sandboxed packaging format previously known as xdg-app;
• GNU Guix: Used by the GNU System. It is based on the Nix package manager with Guile Scheme APIs and specializes in providing exclusively free software;
• Homebrew
  : a port of the MacOS package manager of the same name (see below), formerly referred to as 'Linuxbrew';
• ipkg: A dpkg-inspired, very lightweight system targeted at storage-constrained Linux systems such as embedded devices and handheld computers. Used on HP's webOS
  ;
• netpkg: The package manager used by Zenwalk. Compatible with Slackware
  package management tools;
• Nix Package Manager
  : Nix is a package manager for Linux and other Unix systems that makes package management reliable and reproducible. It provides atomic upgrades and rollbacks, side-by-side installation of multiple versions of a package, multi-user package management and easy setup of build environments;
• OpenPKG: Cross-platform package management system based on RPM Package Manager;
• ipkg
  lightweight package management intended for use on embedded Linux devices;
• Frugalware and DeLi Linux
  . Its binary package format is a compressed tar archive (default file extension: .pkg.tar.zst) built using the makepkg utility (which comes bundled with pacman) and a specialized type of shell script called a PKGBUILD;
• PETget: Used by Puppy Linux
  ;
• PISI: Pisi stands for "Packages Installed Successfully as Intended". Pisi package manager is used by Pisi Linux.^[2] Pardus used to use Pisi, but migrated to APT in 2013;^[3]
• pkgsrc: A cross-platform package manager, with binary packages provided for Enterprise Linux, macOS and SmartOS by Joyent and other vendors;
• YUM, which is used by Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and Yellow Dog Linux
  ;
• slackpkg
  ;
• slapt-get: Which is used by Slackware and works with a binary package format that is essentially a xz-compressed tar archive with the file extension .txz;
• Smart Package Manager: Used by CCux Linux
  ;
• Ubuntu
  ;
• Swaret
  ;
• xbps (X Binary Package System): Used by Void Linux
  ;
• apk-tools: Used by Alpine Linux
  . Originally a collection of shell scripts, but has been since rewritten in C;

• Amazon Appstore: Alternative app store for Android devices;
• Aptoide: application for installing mobile applications which runs on the Android operating system. In Aptoide there is not a unique and centralized store; instead, each user manages their own store.
• Cafe Bazaar: Alternative app store for Android.
• F-Droid: Alternative app store for Android, whose official repository contains only free software;
• Samsung Galaxy Store: An app store developed by Samsung for Android, Tizen, Windows Mobile and Bada
  devices.
• GetJar: An independent mobile phone app store founded in Lithuania in 2004;
• Google Play: Online app store developed by Google for Android devices that license the proprietary Google Application set;
• Huawei AppGallery: An app store developed by Huawei for Android devices and HarmonyOS devices.
• SlideME: Alternative app store for Android

• OS X 10.6
  ;
• Fink: A port of dpkg, it is one of the earliest package managers for macOS;
• Homebrew: Command-Line Interface-based package manager, known for its ease-of-use and extensibility.
• MacPorts: Formerly known as DarwinPorts, based on FreeBSD Ports (as is macOS itself);
• Joyent: Provides a repository of 10,000+ binary packages for macOS based on pkgsrc;^[4]

BSD

• FreeBSD pkg – FreeBSD binary packages are built on top of source based FreeBSD Ports and managed with pkg tool;
• OpenBSD ports: The infrastructure behind the binary packages on OpenBSD
  ;
• pkgsrc: A cross-platform package manager, with regular binary packages provided for NetBSD, Linux and macOS by multiple vendors;
• Debian GNU/kFreeBSD
  ;
• rpm
  ;
• FreeBSD ports collection and generates new PBIs daily. PC-BSD also uses the FreeBSD pkg binary package system; new packages are built approximately every two weeks from both a stable and rolling release branch of the FreeBSD
  ports tree.

• Solaris, OpenSolaris and Illumos distributions like OpenIndiana and OmniOS
  ;
• pkgsrc: SmartOS, OS distribution of Illumos from Joyent uses pkgsrc, that also can be bootstrapped to use on OpenIndiana;^[6]
• OpenCSW: Community supported collection of packages in SysV format for SunOS 5.8-5.11 (Solaris 8-11);
• OpenPKG: Cross-platform package management system based on RPM Package Manager.

iOS

• App Store: Official app store for iOS
  apps;
• jailbreak
  community.

• Universal Windows Platform apps on Windows NT and Windows 10 Mobile. As of Windows 11
  , it distributes video games and films as well;
• Windows
  ;
• apt-get. Usability wrapper for NuGet
  ;
• Free and open-source software repository for Windows NT. Provides many Linux
  tools and an installation tool with package manager;
• Homebrew: a port of the MacOS package manager meant for use with Windows Subsystem for Linux
  , using the already existing Linux port as its base;
• Ninite: Proprietary package manager for Windows NT;
• Visual Studio
  , and extendable from the command-line;
• Pacman: MSYS2-ported Windows version of the Arch Linux
  package manager;
• free and open-source package manager for Windows
• apt-get
  like features too;

• Windows Phone Store: Former official app store for Windows Phone. Now superseded by Microsoft Store;

z/OS

• SMP/E.

Source code-based

The following package management systems distribute the source code of their apps. Either the user must know how to compile the packages, or they come with a script that automates the compilation process. For example, in GoboLinux a recipe file contains information on how to download, unpack, compile and install a package using its Compile tool. In both cases, the user must provide the computing power and time needed to compile the app, and is legally responsible for the consequences of compiling the package.

BSD

• FreeBSD Ports is an original implementation of source based software management system commonly referred to as Ports collection. It gave way and inspired many others systems;
• OpenBSD ports
  is a Perl based reimplementation of ports collection;

Linux

• ABS is used by Arch Linux
  to automate binary packages building from source or even other binary archives, with automatic download and dependency checking;
• apt-build is used by distributions which use deb packages
  , allowing automatic compiling and installation of software in a deb source repository;
• Sourcemage GNU/Linux's bash
  based package management program that automatically downloads software from their original site and compiles and installs it on the local machine;

• OS X
  , derives partially from dpkg/apt and partially from ports;
• OpenDarwin
  project;
• Homebrew, with close Git
  integration;
• pkgsrc can be used to install software directly from source-code, or to use the binary packages provided by several independent vendors.

Windows

• vcpkg:^[7] A Microsoft C++ package manager for Windows, Linux and MacOS.

Hybrid systems

• Nix package manager: Package manager that manages software in a purely functional way, featuring multi-user support, atomic upgrades and rollbacks. Allows multiple versions or variants of a software to be installed at the same time. It has support for macOS and is cross-distribution in its Linux
  support;
• Funtoo Linux, and Sabayon Linux. It is inspired by the BSD ports system
  and uses text based "ebuilds" to automatically download, customize, build, and update packages from source code. It has automatic dependency checking and allows multiple versions of a software package to be installed into different "slots" on the same system. Portage also employs "use flags" to allow the user to fully customize a software build to suit the needs of their platform in an automated fashion. While source code distribution and customization is the preferred methodology, some larger packages that would take many hours to compile on a typical desktop computer are also offered as pre-compiled binaries in order to ease installation;
• Upkg: Package management and build system based on Mono and XML specifications. Used by paldo
  and previously by ExTiX Linux;
• MacPorts (for OS X);
• NetBSD's pkgsrc works on several Unix-like operating systems, with regular binary packages for macOS and Linux provided by multiple independent vendors;
• Collective Knowledge Framework is a cross-platform package and workflow framework with JSON API that can download binary packages or build them from sources for Linux, Windows, MacOS and Android platforms.^[8]

Meta package managers

The following unify package management for several or all Linux and sometimes Unix variants. These, too, are based on the concept of a recipe file.

• AppImage (previously klik and PortableLinuxApps) aims to provide an easy way to get software packages for most major distributions without the dependency problems so common in many other package formats.
• Autopackage uses .package files.
• PackageKit is a set of utilities and libraries for creating applications that can manage packages across multiple package managers using back-ends to call the correct program.

Game package managers

Package management systems geared toward developing and distributing video games.

• Steam: A cross-platform video game distribution, licensing and social gameplay platform, developed and maintained by Valve. Used to shop for, download, install, update, uninstall and back up video games. Works on Windows NT, OS X and Linux;
• Uplay: A cross-platform video game distribution, licensing and social gameplay platform, developed and maintained by Ubisoft. Used to shop for, download, install and update video games. Works on Windows NT and Windows Phone, as well as PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Wii U, iOS and Android
  .
• Windows Store
  ;

A wide variety of package management systems are in common use today by proprietary software operating systems, handling the installation of both proprietary and free packages.

• Software Distributor is the HP-UX package manager.

Application-level package managers

• Bitnami: a library of installers or software packages for web applications;
• Cargo: is Rust's build system and package manager. It downloads, compiles, distributes, and uploads packages—called crates;
• CocoaPods: a dependency manager for Swift and Objective-C Cocoa projects;
• Composer: a dependency Manager for PHP;
• Conda: a package manager for open data science platform of the Python and R;
• CPAN: a programming library and package manager for Perl;
• CRAN: a programming library and package manager for R;
• CTAN: a package manager for TeX;
• Docker: Docker, a system for managing containers, serves as a package manager for deploying containerized applications;
• Enthought Canopy: a package manager for Python scientific and analytic computing distribution and analysis environment;
• Groovy and other JVM languages, and also C++
  ;
• sbt
  ;
• Leiningen: a project automation tool for Clojure;
• LuaRocks: a programming library and package manager for Lua;
• Maven: a package manager and build tool for Java;
• npm: a programming library and package manager for Node.js and JavaScript
  ;
• NuGet: the package manager for the Microsoft development platform including .NET Framework and Xamarin;
• PAR::Repository and Perl package manager: binary package managers for Perl;
• PEAR: a programming library for PHP;
• pip: a package manager for Python and the PyPI programming library;
• RubyGems: a package manager and repository for Ruby;
• sbt: a build tool for Scala, uses Ivy for dependency management;
• yarn: an alternative to npm for Node.js and JavaScript;

See also

• Binary repository manager
• Package format
• Linux package formats
• App stores
  — The commercial version of a package manager, focusing on payment and closed source software.

References