Luigi Einaudi
Luigi Einaudi Governor of the Bank of Italy | |||||||||||||||||||||
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In office 5 January 1945 – 11 May 1948 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Vincenzo Azzolini | ||||||||||||||||||||
Succeeded by | Donato Menichella | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Born | Carrù, Piedmont, Kingdom of Italy | 24 March 1874||||||||||||||||||||
Died | 30 October 1961 Rome, Italy | (aged 87)||||||||||||||||||||
Political party | Italian Liberal Party | ||||||||||||||||||||
Spouse | Ida Pellegrini | ||||||||||||||||||||
Children | |||||||||||||||||||||
Alma mater | University of Turin | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Luigi Numa Lorenzo Einaudi OMRI (Italian: [luˈiːdʒi eiˈnaudi]; 24 March 1874 – 30 October 1961)[1] was an Italian politician and economist. He served as the president of Italy from 1948 to 1955 and one of the founding fathers of the Italian Republic.
Early life
Einaudi was born to Lorenzo and Placida Fracchia in Carrù, in the province of Cuneo, Piedmont.[2] In Turin he attended Liceo classico Cavour and completed his university studies; in the same years he became acquainted with socialist ideas and collaborated with the magazine Critica sociale, directed by the socialist leader Filippo Turati. In 1895, after overcoming financial difficulties, he graduated in jurisprudence, and was later appointed as a professor in the University of Turin, the Polytechnic University of Turin and the Bocconi University of Milan.
As an economist, Einaudi belonged to the classical school of economics in addition to Pietro Campilli, Epicarmo Corbino and Gustavo Del Vecchio.[3]
Early political life
From the early 20th century, Einaudi moved increasingly towards a more
Einaudi was Governor of the
Einaudi was elected an International Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1935 and an International Member of the American Philosophical Society in 1947.[8][9]
President (1948–1955)
On 11 May 1948, he was elected the second
A staunch
Einaudi personally managed the activities of his farm near
Personal life
Einaudi married Countess Ida Pellegrini (1885-1968) on 19 December 1903. Pellegrini was born in Pescantina in 1885 into a family of the Veronese aristocracy, as she was the daughter of Count Giulio Pellegrini. She attended the Regia School of Commerce in Turin, where she met her future husband, who was her professor at the time. Their son Giulio became a prominent Italian publisher, and their grandson Ludovico is a neo-Classical musician. Their son Roberto, a mechanical engineer, continued to cultivate his father's beloved winery. [10]
Their son Mario was a Cornell University professor and active anti-fascist. The Mario Einaudi Center for International Studies is named after him.[11] Additionally, Mario founded the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi in Turin in honour of his father.[12]
The Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance (EIEF), a research centre of the Bank of Italy, is named after Luigi Einaudi.
Einaudi died in Rome on 30 October 1961 at the age of 87.
See also
Bibliography
- Principi di scienza delle finanze (1932)[13]
- Il buon governo (1954)
- Prediche inutili (1956–1959)
- Tracotanze protezionistiche (1919)
- Via il Prefetto! (1944)
- On Abstract and Historical Hypotheses and on Value Judgments in Economic Sciences, Critical Edition with an Introduction and Afterword by Paolo Silvestri. 'Routledge Studies in the History of Economics, Vol 185', New York-London, 2017, ISBN 978-0-415-51790-4.
References
- ^ Profile of Luigi Einaudi
- ^ "Luigi Einaudi | president of Italy | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
- S2CID 225016028.
- ISBN 978-88-222-4859-6. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- ^ Stöckmann, J. (2017). The formation of International Relations: ideas, practices, institutions, 1914-1940 (http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text thesis). University of Oxford.
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- Hayek, F.A. (1967). "The Transmission of the Ideals of Economic Freedom". Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 199 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Plehwe, Dieter. "Liberal Think Tanks and the Crisis" (PDF). European International Studies Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
- ^ "Luigi Einaudi". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. 9 February 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
- ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
- ^ "Poderi Luigi Einaudi". Retrieved 17 July 2023.
- ^ "About Us | Einaudi Center". www.einaudi.cornell.edu. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
- ^ "Fondazione Einaudi" (in Italian). Retrieved 4 October 2022.
- S2CID 261481065.
Sources
- ISBN 978-88-430-5660-6.
- Forte, F. and Marchionatti, R. (2011). Luigi Einaudi's economics of liberalism. The European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, September 1–38.
- Giordano, A. (2004), Luigi Einaudi and the Dilemmas of Liberal Democracy, Notizie di Politeia, XX, 2004, n. 75, pp. 7–12 (http://www-4.unipv.it/paviagc/?page_id=236).
- Silvestri, Paolo The ideal of good government in Luigi Einaudi's Thought and Life: Between Law and Freedom, in Paolo Heritier, Paolo Silvestri (Eds.), Good government, Governance, Human complexity. Luigi Einaudi's legacy and contemporary societies, Leo Olschki, Firenze, 2012, pp. 55–95. ISBN 978-88-222-6161-8
- Silvestri, Paolo, "Preface", in L. Einaudi, On Abstract and Historical Hypotheses and on Value judgments in Economic Sciences, Routledge, London – New York, 2017, pp. XXIV-XXXII.
- Silvestri, Paolo, "The defence of economic science and the issue of value judgments", in L. Einaudi, On Abstract and Historical Hypotheses and on Value judgments in Economic Sciences, Routledge, London – New York, 2017, pp. 1–34.
- Silvestri Paolo, "Freedom and taxation between good and bad polity, and the economist-whole-man", in L. Einaudi, On Abstract and Historical Hypotheses and on Value judgments in Economic Sciences, Routledge, London – New York, 2017, pp. 94–136.