Maldon (UK Parliament constituency)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Not to be confused with Malton (UK Parliament constituency) or Electoral district of Maldon.

Maldon
Borough constituency
Replaced byMaldon (county constituency)

Maldon is a constituency[n 1] in Essex represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since its recreation in 2010 by Sir John Whittingdale, a Conservative.[n 2]

Constituency profile

Maldon covers a rural area of Essex including the Dengie Peninsula. The main settlements are Maldon and Burnham-on-Crouch on the coast, and the new town of South Woodham Ferrers. The seat is slightly wealthier than the UK average.[2]

History

The Parliamentary Borough of Maldon, which included the parish of Heybridge, had sent two members to the Parliament of England since it was founded in 1332 (36 years after the Model Parliament)[3] until 1707, then to the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and to the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801. Under the Reform Act of 1867, its representation was reduced to one,[4] and in 1885 the Parliamentary Borough was abolished and replaced with a Division of the County of Essex (later a County Constituency) under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885.[5]

The constituency was abolished for the 1983 general election following the Third Periodic Review of Westminster Constituencies, but re-established for the 2010 general election by the Fifth Review. The current seat is primarily a successor to the Maldon and East Chelmsford constituency which existed from 1997 to 2010.

Boundaries and boundary changes

1885–1918

  • The Municipal Borough of Maldon;
  • The Sessional Divisions of Hinckford South (Braintree Bench) and Witham; and
  • Parts of the Sessional Divisions of Hinckford South (Halstead Bench), Lexden, and Winstree.[5]

Formally known as the Eastern or Maldon Division of Essex, incorporating the abolished Parliamentary Borough of

Maldon and extending northwards to include the towns of Witham, Braintree and Halstead
.

1918–1950

Area to the south between the rivers Crouch and Blackwater, including Burnham-on-Crouch, transferred from the South-Eastern Division of Essex. The northernmost area, including Halstead, and eastern fringes transferred to Saffron Walden and Colchester respectively. Other minor changes.

1950–1959

  • The Municipal Borough of Maldon;
  • The Urban Districts of Braintree and Bocking, Burnham-on-Crouch, and Witham;
  • The Rural District of Maldon; and
  • Part of the Rural District of Braintree.[7]

Marginal changes as a result of changes to local authority boundaries.

1959–1974

As above but the part of the Rural District of Braintree was altered by the County of Essex (Braintree and Lexden and Winstree Rural Districts) Confirmation Order 1955.[7]

Marginal changes as a result of changes to local authority boundaries.

1974–1983

  • The Municipal Borough of Maldon;
  • The Urban District of Burnham-on-Crouch; and
  • The Rural Districts of Maldon and Rochford.[8]

Major reconfiguration, as Braintree and Bocking, and Witham, together with the parts of the Rural District of Braintree, formed the basis for the new constituency of Braintree. The Rural District of Rochford was transferred from South East Essex.

Constituency abolished for the 1983 general election. Southern area, comprising the former Rural District of Rochford, included in the new constituency of Rochford.  Remainder formed the majority of the new constituency of South Colchester and Maldon.

Map
Map of current boundaries

2010–present

  • The District of Maldon wards of Althorne, Burnham-on-Crouch North, Burnham-on-Crouch South, Heybridge East, Heybridge West, Maldon East, Maldon North, Maldon South, Maldon West, Mayland, Purleigh, Southminster, and Tillingham; and
  • The Borough of Chelmsford wards of Bicknacre and East and West Hanningfield, Little Baddow, Danbury and Sandon, Rettendon and Runwell, South Hanningfield, Stock and Margaretting, South Woodham Chetwood and Collingwood, and South Woodham Elmwood and Woodville.[9]

Following the

Boundary Commission's Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, Parliament radically altered some constituencies and created new ones to allow for changes in population. The majority of the former Maldon and East Chelmsford constituency formed the basis of this new seat for 2010. The constituency retained Maldon and Burnham-on-Crouch, but lost the Chelmsford parts to the re-established Chelmsford seat and the new constituency of Witham. To compensate, wards in and around South Woodham Ferrers were added from the former Rayleigh constituency, and Margaretting was added from the former West Chelmsford constituency
.

Proposed

Further to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, enacted by the Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023, the composition of the constituency from the next general election, due by January 2025, will be expanded northwards slightly, with the transfer in from Chelmsford of the City of Chelmsford ward of Galleywood.[10]

The historic constituency (1332–1983)

Maldon
Former
borough constituency
for the House of Commons
1332–1885
Seatstwo (1295–1868)
one (1868–1885)
Essex, Maldon
Former
county constituency
for the House of Commons
1885–1983
Seatsone

Maldon was originally a

county division
of Essex, which continued with some boundary changes until 1983.

Maldon borough (1332–1885)

Boundaries and franchise before the Reform Act

Until the

Maldon, a small market town and port on the coast of Essex
.

Maldon had been a municipal as well as a Parliamentary borough. Its first charter dated from the reign of

pocket borough
; in fact, however, Maldon instead stayed independent but venal, and gaining election there tended to be an expensive business. Sometimes it was not merely a case of bribing the voters: in 1690, it was recorded in the House of Commons journals that the wives and daughters of Maldon freemen were being bribed at election time as well.

One interest that was firmly established by the middle of the 18th century, however, was that of the government, which ensured that lucrative posts in the customs house were reserved for loyally-voting freemen, and also attempted to have government supporters – often strangers to the town – elected to vacancies on the corporation. It was generally taken for granted that the government candidates would normally be elected.

The Strutt ascendancy

However, in the 1750s the government's control of Maldon weakened, and a prominent local

Tory, John Strutt
, found he had enough influence with the voters to sway elections. He secured the election of several of his friends over the years and eventually, in 1774, successfully stood for election himself.

In the meanwhile, however, there was a dramatic change in the system. In 1763 one of the sitting MPs, Strutt's friend Bamber Gascoyne, was appointed to the Board of Trade and therefore had to stand for re-election at Maldon. Gascoyne's opponent, John Huske, accused him of threatening that any freemen working in the customs house who did not vote for him would be dismissed (which, by that time, would have been an illegal threat).[11] Although the Prime Minister, George Grenville, denied having authorised Gascoyne to make any such threat and Gascoyne denied having made it, it seems clear it was believed in Maldon and the corporation sided with Huske, creating enough new freemen to ensure Gascoyne was defeated. Both sides started actions for bribery, but Gascoyne had decided on more drastic action. He took out a writ against the corporation, and the Courts ordered the ousting of the majority of members; eventually, in 1768, the corporation was dissolved by judicial order.

For half a century the duties of returning officer were transferred to the High Sheriff of Essex. However, the Sheriff could not assume the corporation's function of swearing in new freemen, and Strutt's influence was thus entirely secured against any possibility of new voters being created to outvote him. However, there was a problem: by the time of the general election of 1807 the number of remaining qualified voters had dwindled to 58, and the constituency was in imminent danger of quite literally dying out. Yet there were more than 800 new freemen who were only barred from voting because there was nobody to swear them in. Finally a new charter was granted, in time to enfranchise them for the election of 1810.

Matters then returned to normal in Maldon for the remaining 22 years before the

Joseph Holden Strutt, retained much of the influence that his father had wielded, being generally considered to be able to nominate one of the two MPs or to choose to sit himself; as he exercised all government patronage in Maldon, he was well-placed to secure the other seat as well. But when the voters proved uncooperative, they could easily enough be overruled: at the 1826 election
, the Corporation secured the result it wanted by admitting another thousand new freemen in time for them to vote: 3,113 freemen voted, of whom only 251 were Maldon residents.

After the Reform Act

In the initial drafts of the Reform Bill, Maldon was to lose one of its two seats. It was eventually spared this fate, but its population of 3,831 in 1831 left it very close to the borderline. The eventual Reform Act extended the borough by adding the neighbouring parish of

Royal Commission investigated. However, no major scandal was uncovered and (unlike some other boroughs similarly investigated at the same period) its right to vote was reinstated and a writ for a new by-election which took place in 1854 was issued.[13]

Maldon county constituency (1885–1983)

The

county division into which the town was placed, however, was named after the town. (Officially, until 1918, it was the Eastern (or Maldon) Division of Essex; after that, simply the Maldon division.) As well as Maldon itself this contained the towns of Braintree, Halstead and Witham. Once again this constituency was a marginal one — almost the only rural county seat in the South East at this period not to be safely Conservative. The strength of the Liberal vote seems to have been based partly on the strength of Nonconformism
in the Halstead area, but also on trade unionism among the agricultural labourers (which elsewhere in Essex was offset by a strongly Tory maritime vote which Maldon lacked).

Maldon in Essex, 1918–1945

After

Burnham on Crouch and the surrounding district, but the constituency was still a rural one, with 35% of the occupied male population employed in the agricultural sector at the time of the 1921 census. The Labour Party rather than the Liberals were now the Conservatives' main opponents. When the Liberal Party split in 1922, Maldon's Liberals split as well, and the constituency was the first where the Lloyd George Liberals set up a constituency association, though this was apparently without the sanction of the national party headquarters and the association is not recorded as having organised any activities. In 1923 no Liberal candidate stood at all, and Labour captured the seat for the first time. The Conservatives retook the seat in 1924, holding it until the 1940s, but it was won by Tom Driberg
in a wartime by-election; yet his hold on the seat was rarely secure and he eventually moved to sit for a safer seat. Thereafter Maldon remained Conservative until its abolition, though at first by the narrowest of margins.

The Maldon constituency was abolished in the boundary changes which came into effect at the

Colchester South and Maldon and Rochford
constituencies.

Members of Parliament

MPs 1332–1640

Parliament First member Second member
1386 Richard Bush John Glover[14]
1388 (Feb) John Dyer Henry Hales[14]
1388 (Sep) John Crakebon John Welles[14]
1390 (Jan) John Skinner I
John Joce[14]
|
1390 (Nov)
1391 John Welles John Page[14]
1393 John Skinner John Glover[14]
1394
1395
1397 (Jan) John Glover
John Joce[14]
1397 (Sep)
1399
John Joce
 John Crakebon[14]
1401
1402 John Page Thomas Paffe[14]
1404 (Jan) John Burgess Thomas Paffe[14]
1404 (Oct)
1406 John Flower Robert Painter[14]
1407 John Page John Hockham[14]
1410 ?William Wade[14]
1411 John Flower John Burgess[14]
1413 (Feb)
1413 (May) Richard Galon John Burgess[14]
1414 (Apr)
1414 (Nov) John Flower John Burgess[14]
1415
1416 (Mar)
1416 (Oct)
1417 Thomas Paffe Richard Sampson[14]
1419 Richard Galon William Bennett[14]
1420 John Burgess Richard Galon[14]
1421 (May) John Cooper Richard Bawde[14]
1421 (Dec) William Burgh William Gore[14]
1422 Robert Darcy[15]
1487 Sir Richard Fitzlewis[16]
1491 Robert Plummer[16]
1504 Sir William Say
1510 Sir Richard FitzLewis Thomas Hintlesham[17]
1512 Thomas Cressener ?[17]
1515 John Strangman ?[17]
1523 John Bozom Thomas Wyburgh[17]
1529 Thomas Tey Edward Peyton[17]
1536 William Harris John Raymond[17]
1539 John Edmonds William Bonham[17]
1542 Edward Bury Henry Dowes[17]
1545
Clement Smith
 Nicholas Throckmorton[17]
1547 Sir
Clement Smith
 Henry Dowes, died
and replaced by Jan 1552 by William Bassett[17]
1553 (Mar)
Sir Walter Mildmay
Henry Fortescue[17]
1553 (Oct)
?Anthony Browne
 John Raymond[17]
1554 (Apr) Thomas Hungate Edmund Tyrrell[17]
1554 (Nov)
Anthony Browne
 John Wiseman[17]
1555 Sir Henry Radclyffe Richard Weston[17]
1558 Edmund Tyrrell Roger Appleton, died
and replaced by Nov 1558 by Henry Golding[18]
1559 Sir Humphrey Radcliffe Henry Golding[18]
1562–3 John Lathom Richard Argall[18]
1571
George Blythe
 Gabriel Croft[18]
1572 Thomas Gent Vincent Harris, died
and repl. Oct 1574 by Edward Sulyard[18]
1584 Edward Lewknor William Wiseman[18]
1586 John Butler Edward Lewknor[18]
1588 John Butler William Vernon, sick
and replaced by Edward Lewknor[18]
1593 Sir Thomas Mildmay, Bt Edward Lewknor[18]
1597 Thomas Harris William Wiseman[18]
1601 William Wiseman Richard Weston[18]
1604 Sir Edward Lewknor, died
and replaced 1605 by Sir Theophilus Howard		 William Wiseman, died
and replaced 1610 by Sir John Sammes
1610 Sir Robert Rich
1614 Sir John Sammes Charles Chiborne
1621-1622 Sir Henry Mildmay Sir Julius Caesar
1624 Sir William Masham, Bt Sir Arthur Harris
1625 Sir William Masham, Bt Sir Henry Mildmay
1626 Sir William Masham, Bt Sir Thomas Cheek
1628-1629 Sir Henry Mildmay Sir Arthur Harris
1629–1640 No Parliaments summoned

MPs 1640–1868

Year First member[19] First party Second member[19] Second party
April 1640 Sir Henry Mildmay
Parliamentarian
 John Porter
November 1640
Sir John Clotworthy
Parliamentarian
January 1648 Clotworthy disabled from sitting January 1648,
but readmitted June 1648
June 1648
Sir John Clotworthy
Parliamentarian
December 1648 Clotworthy excluded in Pride's Purge - seat vacant
1653 Maldon was unrepresented in the
Barebones Parliament
1654 Colonel Joachim Matthews Maldon had only one seat in the First and
Second Parliaments of the Protectorate
1656
January 1659 Henry Mildmay
May 1659 Colonel Sir Henry Mildmay One seat vacant
April 1660 Tristram Conyers Henry Mildmay
June 1660 Edward Herrys
1661 Sir John Tyrell Sir Richard Wiseman
1677 Sir William Wiseman, 1st Baronet
March 1679
Sir John Bramston
October 1679 Sir Thomas Darcy, 1st Baronet
1685
Sir John Bramston
1689 Charles Montagu
1693 Sir Eliab Harvey
1695 Irby Montagu
1699 John Bullock
January 1701 William Fytche
November 1701 John Comyns
1708
Sir Richard Child
 Thomas Richmond Whig
1710 John Comyns[n 3]
1711 William Fytche
1712 Thomas Bramston I
1715 Samuel Tufnell
1722 Sir John Comyns
1727 Henry Parsons
Thomas Bramston II
1734 Martin Bladen
1740 Benjamin Keene
1741 Sir Thomas Drury, Bt Robert Colebrooke
1747
Sir Richard Lloyd, KC
1754[20] Colonel John Bullock
1761[20] Bamber Gascoyne Independent
1768[20] John Huske
1773[20] Charles Rainsford
1774[20] John Strutt Tory Hon. Richard Savage Nassau
1780[20] Eliab Harvey
1784[20] The Lord Waltham
1787[20] Sir Peter Parker, Bt
1790 Joseph Strutt Tory[21] Charles Western Whig[21]
1806 Benjamin Gaskell[n 4] Whig[21]
1807 Charles Western Whig[21]
1812 Benjamin Gaskell Whig[21]
1826
Hon. George Allanson-Winn
 Tory[21] Thomas Barrett-Lennard Whig[21][22][23][24][25][26]
1827 Hugh Dick Tory[21]
1830 Quintin Dick Tory[21]
1834 Conservative[21]
1837 John Round Conservative[21]
1847
David Waddington
 Conservative Thomas Barrett-Lennard Whig[21][22][23][24][25][26]
1852 [12] Charles du Cane Conservative Taverner John Miller Conservative
1853 Writ suspended[13]
1854 George Peacocke Conservative John Bramley-Moore Conservative
1857 Thomas Western Whig
1859 Liberal
George Peacocke[n 5]
 Conservative
1865
Ralph Earle
 Conservative
1868 Representation reduced to one member

MPs 1868–1983

Election Member[19] Party
1868 Edward Hammond Bentall Liberal
1874
George Sandford
 Conservative
1878
George Courtauld
 Liberal
1885 Arthur Kitching Liberal
1886 Charles Wing Gray Conservative
1892
Cyril Dodd
 Liberal
1895 Hon. Charles Strutt Conservative
1906 Thomas Bethell Liberal
1910 James Fortescue Flannery Conservative
1922 Edward Ruggles-Brise Conservative
1923 Valentine Crittall Labour
1924 Edward Ruggles-Brise Conservative
1942
Tom Driberg
 Ind. Labour
1945 Labour
1955 Brian Harrison Conservative
1974
John Wakeham
 Conservative
1983 constituency abolished

MPs since 2010

The re-formed Maldon seat was fought for the first time at the 2010 general election.

Election Member[19] Party
2010 Sir John Whittingdale Conservative

Elections

Elections in the 2020s

Next general election: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Whittingdale[27]
Labour Onike Gollo[28]
Majority
Turnout

Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Maldon[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Whittingdale 36,304 72.0 +4.1
Labour Stephen Capper 6,263 12.4 -8.9
Liberal Democrats Colin Baldy 5,990 11.9 +7.6
Green Janet Band 1,851 3.7 +1.6
Majority 30,041 59.6 +13.0
Turnout 50,408 69.4 -0.8
Conservative hold Swing +6.5
General election 2017: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Whittingdale 34,111 67.9 +7.3
Labour Peter Edwards 10,681 21.3 +9.5
Liberal Democrats Zoe O'Connell 2,181 4.3 -0.2
UKIP Jesse Pryke 1,899 3.8 -10.9
Green Steve Betteridge 1,073 2.1 -1.0
BNP Richard Perry 257 0.5 New
Majority 23,430 46.6 +0.7
Turnout 50,202 70.2 +0.6
Conservative hold Swing -1.0
General election 2015: Maldon[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Whittingdale 29,112 60.6 +0.8
UKIP Beverley Acevedo[31] 7,042 14.7 +9.6
Labour Peter Edwards[32] 5,690 11.8 −0.9
Independent
 Ken Martin 2,424 5.0 New
Liberal Democrats Zoe O'Connell[33] 2,157 4.5 −14.8
Green Bob Graves[34] 1,504 3.1 New
Sustainable Population John Marett 116 0.2 New
Majority 22,070 45.9 +5.4
Turnout 48,045 69.6 0.0
Conservative hold Swing
General election 2010: Maldon[35][36]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Whittingdale 28,661 59.8
Liberal Democrats Elfreda Tealby-Watson 9,254 19.3
Labour Swatantra Nandanwar 6,070 12.7
UKIP Jesse Pryke 2,446 5.1
BNP Len Blaine 1,464 3.1
Majority 19,407 40.5
Turnout 47,895 69.6
Conservative win (new seat)

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative
John Wakeham
 		29,585 57.8 +14.3
Labour Robert Oliver 12,848 25.1 −4.9
Liberal Michael Wright 8,730 17.1 −9.4
Majority 16,737 32.7 +19.2
Turnout 51,163 77.9 +1.7
Conservative hold Swing
General election October 1974: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative
John Wakeham
 		20,485 43.5 −0.4
Labour Anthony John Shaw 14,098 30.0 +3.4
Liberal Roderick Beale 12,473 26.5 −3.0
Majority 6,387 13.5 -0.9
Turnout 47,056 76.2 -6.0
Conservative hold Swing
General election February 1974: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative
John Wakeham
 		22,088 43.9
Liberal John Beale 14,866 29.5
Labour Vera Morris 13,368 26.6
Majority 7,222 14.4
Turnout 50,322 82.2
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1970: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Brian Harrison 29,229 50.6 +5.1
Labour Stephen Haseler 22,957 39.8 -4.6
Liberal John Beale 5,574 9.7 -0.4
Majority 6,272 10.9 +9.8
Turnout 57,760 79.8 -3.5
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1966: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Brian Harrison 22,572 45.5 +0.1
Labour Bruce Douglas-Mann 22,066 44.4 +2.3
Liberal William H. Jacks 5,015 10.10 -2.37
Majority 506 1.1 -2.1
Turnout 49,653 83.29
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1964: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Brian Harrison 21,547 45.37
Labour S. Gordon Richards 20,016 42.15
Liberal William H. Jacks 5,924 12.47
Majority 1,531 3.22
Turnout 47,487 83.28
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Brian Harrison 21,772 48.21
Labour S. Gordon Richards 19,532 43.25
Liberal Leonard Charles Montague Walsh 3,860 8.55 New
Majority 2,240 4.96
Turnout 45,164 83.02
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1955: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Brian Harrison 22,002 50.63
Labour Lynton Scutts 21,452 49.37
Majority 550 1.26 N/A
Turnout 43,454 83.52
Conservative gain from Labour Swing
General election 1951: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Tom Driberg 22,756 50.79
Conservative Aubrey R. Moody 22,052 49.21
Majority 704 1.58
Turnout 44,808 87.38
Labour hold Swing
General election 1950: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Tom Driberg 20,567 47.53
Conservative Aubrey R. Moody 18,843 43.55
Liberal William Drummond Abernethy 3,859 8.92 New
Majority 1,724 3.98
Turnout 43,269 86.16
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1940s

Driberg was elected in 1942 as an Independent Labour candidate, but took the Labour Party whip in January 1945, and stood in the 1945 election as a Labour Party candidate.

General election, 1945: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Tom Driberg 22,480 60.4 N/A
Conservative Melford Stevenson 14,753 39.6 -13.8
Majority 7,727 20.8 N/A
Turnout 37,233 74.5 +0.7
Independent Labour
 Swing
1942 Maldon by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Labour
 		Tom Driberg 12,219 61.3 New
Conservative Reuben Hunt 6,226 31.3 −22.1
National Independent and Agricultural Richard Matthews 1,476 7.4 New
Majority 5,993 30.0 N/A
Turnout 19,921 44.4 −29.4
Independent Labour gain from Conservative
 Swing

Elections in the 1930s

General election, 1935: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative
Edward Ruggles-Brise
 		17,072 53.4 −17.4
Labour William Frederick Toynbee 9,264 28.9 −0.3
Liberal Hilda Buckmaster 5,680 17.7 New
Majority 7,808 24.5 −16.1
Turnout 32,016 73.8 −0.9
Conservative hold Swing
General election, 1931: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative
Edward Ruggles-Brise
 		22,055 70.8 +27.0
Labour William Frederick Toynbee 9,078 29.2 −5.9
Majority 12,977 41.6 +32.9
Turnout 31,133 74.7 −4.8
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General election, 1929: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist
Edward Ruggles-Brise
 		14,020 43.8 −8.5
Labour Herbert Evans 11,224 35.1 −1.8
Liberal Herbert Alfred May 6,748 21.1 +10.3
Majority 2,796 8.7 −6.7
Turnout 31,992 79.5 −3.1
Unionist
hold 		Swing -3.3
General election, 1924: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist
Edward Ruggles-Brise
 		13,209 52.3 +2.3
Labour Valentine Crittall 9,323 36.9 −13.2
Liberal Herbert Reginald Graham Brooks 2,724 10.8 New
Majority 3,886 15.4 N/A
Turnout 25,256 82.6 +13.0
Unionist gain from Labour
 Swing
General election, 1923: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Valentine Crittall 10,329 50.1 +22.3
Unionist
Edward Ruggles-Brise
 10,280 49.9 +2.7
Majority 49 0.2 N/A
Turnout 21,892 69.6 −5.2
Unionist
 Swing +9.7
General election, 1922: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist
Edward Ruggles-Brise
 		10,337 47.2 −3.9
Labour George Dallas 6,085 27.8 −11.8
Liberal James Parish 5,470 25.0 +15.7
Majority 4,252 19.4 +7.9
Turnout 21,892 74.8 +18.1
Unionist
hold 		Swing

Elections in the 1910s

General election 1918: Maldon
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
C
Unionist
 		James Fortescue Flannery 8,138 51.1
Labour George Dallas 6,315 39.6 New
Liberal Ernest William Tanner 1,490 9.3
Majority 1,823 11.5
Turnout 15,943 56.7
Unionist
hold 		Swing
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Election results 1832–1918

Elections in the 1830s

General election 1832: Maldon [21][37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Whig Thomas Barrett-Lennard 448 39.3
Tory Quintin Dick 416 36.5
Whig Peter Luard Wright[38] 277 24.3
Turnout 671 93.7
Registered electors 716
Majority 32 2.8
Whig hold
Majority 139 12.2
Tory hold
General election 1835: Maldon [21][37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Quintin Dick 441 36.6 +18.4
Whig Thomas Barrett-Lennard 407 33.8 −29.8
Conservative Henry St John-Mildmay 356 29.6 +11.4
Turnout 721 91.4 −2.3
Registered electors 789
Majority 34 2.8 −9.4
Conservative hold Swing +16.7
Majority 51 4.2 +1.4
Whig hold Swing −29.8
General election 1837: Maldon [21][37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Quintin Dick 420 34.4 −2.2
Conservative John Round 407 33.3 +3.7
Whig Thomas Barrett-Lennard 395 32.3 −1.5
Majority 25 2.1 −0.7
Turnout 760 86.8 −4.6
Registered electors 876
Conservative hold Swing −0.7
Conservative gain from Whig Swing +2.2

Elections in the 1840s

General election 1841: Maldon [21][37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Quintin Dick 472 35.5 +1.1
Conservative John Round 446 33.5 +0.2
Whig Thomas Abdy 413 31.0 −1.3
Majority 33 2.5 +0.4
Turnout 815 95.3 +8.5
Registered electors 855
Conservative hold Swing +0.9
Conservative hold Swing +0.4
General election 1847: Maldon [37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative David Waddington 461 34.6 +1.1
Whig Thomas Barrett-Lennard 443 33.3 +2.3
Conservative Quintin Dick 427 32.1 −3.4
Turnout 887 (est) 93.3 (est) −2.0
Registered electors 951
Majority 18 1.3 −1.2
Conservative hold Swing —
Majority 16 1.2 N/A
Whig gain from Conservative Swing +2.3

Elections in the 1850s

General election 1852: Maldon [37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Charles Du Cane 370 26.3 N/A
Conservative Taverner John Miller 357 25.4 N/A
Whig Thomas Barrett-Lennard 351 24.9 −8.4
Ind. Conservative
 Quintin Dick[39] 330 23.4 −8.7
Majority 6 0.5 −0.8
Turnout 704 (est) 83.3 (est) −10.0
Registered electors 845
Conservative hold Swing
Conservative gain from Whig Swing

The 1852 election was declared void on petition due to bribery and treating,[40] and the writ was suspended in March 1853.[12] A by-election was held in August 1854 to fill the vacancy.

By-election, 17 August 1854: Maldon [37][41][42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Peacocke 406 29.2 +2.9
Conservative John Bramley-Moore 399 28.7 +3.3
Whig Thomas Barrett-Lennard 335 24.1 −0.8
Radical Thomas MacEnteer[43] 217 15.6 N/A
Peelite Quintin Dick[44] 34 2.4 −21.0
Majority 64 4.6 +4.1
Turnout 696 (est) 71.8 (est) −11.5
Registered electors 968
Conservative hold Swing +1.7
Conservative hold Swing +1.9
General election 1857: Maldon [37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig Thomas Western 427 35.8 +10.9
Conservative John Bramley-Moore 405 34.0 +7.7
Conservative George Peacocke 360 30.2 +4.8
Majority 22 1.8 N/A
Turnout 810 (est) 92.1 (est) +8.8
Registered electors 879
Whig gain from Conservative Swing −0.8
Conservative hold Swing +0.8
General election 1859: Maldon [37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Peacocke 503 37.0 +6.8
Liberal Thomas Western 431 31.7 −4.1
Conservative Augustus William Henry Meyrick[45] 427 31.4 −2.6
Turnout 896 (est) 83.7 (est) −8.4
Registered electors 1,071
Majority 72 5.3
Conservative hold Swing +4.4
Majority 4 0.3 −1.5
Liberal hold Swing −4.2

Elections in the 1860s

General election 1865: Maldon [37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Peacocke 461 36.2 −0.8
Conservative
Ralph Earle
 420 32.9 +1.5
Liberal Thomas Western 394 30.9 −0.8
Majority 26 2.0 −3.3
Turnout 835 (est) 97.1 (est) +13.4
Registered electors 859
Conservative hold Swing −0.2
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +1.0

Seat reduced to one member

General election 1868: Maldon [37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Edward Hammond Bentall 657 56.6 +25.7
Conservative George Sandford 504 43.4 −25.7
Majority 153 13.2 N/A
Turnout 1,161 83.1 −14.0
Registered electors 1,397
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +25.7

Elections in the 1870s

General election 1874: Maldon [37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Sandford 632 54.9 +11.5
Liberal John Bennett[46] 519 45.1 -11.5
Majority 113 9.8 N/A
Turnout 1,151 75.6 −7.5
Registered electors 1,522
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +11.5

Sandford's resignation caused a by-election.

1878 Maldon by-election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal
George Courtauld
 		671 55.9 +10.8
Conservative William Abdy 530 44.1 -10.8
Majority 141 11.8 N/A
Turnout 1,201 78.3 +2.7
Registered electors 1,534
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +10.8

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1880: Maldon [37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal
George Courtauld
 		679 51.1 +6.0
Conservative William Abdy 651 48.9 -6.0
Majority 28 2.2 N/A
Turnout 1,330 85.0 +9.4
Registered electors 1,564
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +6.0
General election 1885: Maldon [47][48][49]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Arthur Kitching 4,509 53.8 +2.7
Conservative Charles Wing Gray 3,878 46.2 -2.7
Majority 631 7.6 +5.4
Turnout 8,387 85.0 0.0
Registered electors 9,869
Liberal hold Swing +2.7
General election 1886: Maldon [47][48]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Charles Wing Gray 4,143 52.9 +6.7
Liberal Edward Barnard 3,686 47.1 -6.7
Majority 457 5.8 N/A
Turnout 7,829 79.3 -5.7
Registered electors 9,869
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +6.7

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1892: Maldon [47][48]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal
Cyril Joseph Settle Dodd
 		4,321 51.0 +3.9
Conservative Charles Wing Gray 4,153 49.0 -3.9
Majority 168 2.0 N/A
Turnout 8,474 83.4 +4.1
Registered electors 10,160
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +3.9
General election 1895: Maldon [47][48][50]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Charles Strutt 4,618 53.5 +4.5
Liberal
Cyril Joseph Settle Dodd
 4,006 46.5 -4.5
Majority 612 7.0 N/A
Turnout 8,624 85.9 +2.5
Registered electors 10,041
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +4.5

Elections in the 1900s

General election 1900: Maldon [47][48][50]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Charles Strutt 4,649 58.5 +5.0
Liberal
John Henderson
 3,301 41.5 −5.0
Majority 1,348 17.0 +10.0
Turnout 7,950 79.4 −6.5
Registered electors 10,018
Conservative hold Swing +5.0
Bethell
General election 1906: Maldon [47][48]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Thomas Bethell 4,773 50.8 +9.3
Conservative Charles Strutt 4,624 49.2 −9.3
Majority 149 1.6 N/A
Turnout 9,397 88.5 +9.1
Registered electors 10,613
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +9.3

Elections in the 1910s

Flannery
General election January 1910: Maldon [47][51]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative James Fortescue Flannery 5,691 54.1 +4.9
Liberal Thomas Bethell 4,822 45.9 -4.9
Majority 869 8.2 N/A
Turnout 10,513 91.3 +2.8
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +4.9
Jardine
General election December 1910: Maldon [47][51]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative James Fortescue Flannery 5,386 53.4 -0.7
Liberal James Jardine 4,693 46.6 +0.7
Majority 693 6.8 -1.4
Turnout 10,069 87.5 -3.8
Conservative hold Swing -0.7

General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

Pre-1832 election results

Elections in the 1830s

General election 1830: Maldon [21][52]
Party Candidate Votes %
Tory Quintin Dick Unopposed
Whig Thomas Barrett-Lennard Unopposed
Registered electors c. 3,400
Tory hold
Whig hold
General election 1831: Maldon [21][52]
Party Candidate Votes %
Tory Quintin Dick Unopposed
Whig Thomas Barrett-Lennard Unopposed
Registered electors c. 3,400
Tory hold
Whig hold

See also

Notes

  1. county constituency
    (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer).
  2. first past the post
    system of election at least every five years.
  3. ^ Comyns was re-elected in 1715, but his election was declared void because he refused to take the oath that he met the property qualification to be elected. Tufnell, was seated in his place.
  4. ^ On petition, Gaskell was adjudged not to have been duly elected, and his opponent, Western, was seated in his place.
  5. ^ Peacocke changed his name to Sandford during the Parliament of 1865.

References

  1. ^ "Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
  2. ^ Electoral Calculus https://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/fcgi-bin/seatdetails.py?seat=Maldon
  3. ^ "Maldon | History of Parliament Online". www.histparl.ac.uk. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
  4. ^ "Representation of the People Act 1867" (PDF). Schedule A.
  5. ^ a b Great Britain, Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales. The public general acts. unknown library. Proprietors of the Law Journal Reports, 1884.
  6. ^ Fraser, Hugh (1918). The Representation of the people act, 1918 : with explanatory notes. University of California Libraries. London : Sweet and Maxwell.
  7. ^
    OCLC 539011
    .
  8. ^ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1970". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 28 August 2019.
  9. ^ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 2007". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 28 August 2019.
  10. ^ "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule I Part 2 Eastern region.
  11. ^ Pages 109 to 113, Lewis Namier, The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition - London: St Martin's Press, 1957)
  12. ^ a b c "MALDON ELECTION". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 18 March 1853. Retrieved 4 May 2009.
  13. ^ a b "NEW WRIT FOR MALDON". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 11 August 1854. Retrieved 4 May 2009.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
  15. ^ "DARCY, Robert (d.1448), of Maldon, Essex. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org.
  16. ^ a b Cavill. The English Parliaments of Henry VII 1485-1504.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
  19. ^ a b c d Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "M" (part 1)
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h Lewis Namier (1964). "Maldon". In Namier, Sir Lewis; Brooke, John (eds.). The House of Commons 1754-1790. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  21. ^
    ISBN 0-900178-13-2
    .
  22. ^ a b Escott, Margaret (2009). "BARRETT LENNARD, Thomas (1788–1856), of Belhus, Aveley, Essex and Hyde Park Terrace, Mdx". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
  23. ^ a b Fisher, David R. (2009). "Maldon". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
  24. ^
    ISBN 978-1-107-04005-2
    . Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  25. ^ a b "Witham". Essex Standard. 6 August 1847. p. 2. Retrieved 27 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  26. ^ a b "Essex Elections". Morning Post. 26 December 1832. p. 2. Retrieved 27 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  27. ^ "Maldon MP Sir John Whittingdale re-selected by council". Maldon Standard. 4 April 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
  28. ^ https://twitter.com/EofELabour/status/1767930158076289275. Retrieved 13 March 2023. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  29. ^ "Maldon Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  30. ^ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  31. ^ "UK Polling Report".
  32. ^ "Peter Edwards". Labour Party (UK). Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
  33. ^ "Zoe O'Connell". Liberal Democrats (UK). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  34. ^ "Green Party announces parliamentary candidate for Maldon constituency". Witham and Braintree Green Party. Archived from the original on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
  35. ^ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  36. ^ "BBC News | Election 2010 | Constituency | Maldon". news.bbc.co.uk.
  37. ^
    ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.[page needed
    ]
  38. ^ "Maldon". Morning Advertiser. 12 December 1832. p. 1. Retrieved 18 April 2020 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  39. ^ "The Elections". London Daily News. 12 July 1852. pp. 2–3. Retrieved 27 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  40. ^ "Maldon Petition". Southern Reporter and Cork Commercial Courier. 22 March 1853. p. 4. Retrieved 27 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  41. ^ "The Elections". Berkshire Chronicle. 19 August 1854. p. 8. Retrieved 27 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  42. ^ "Maldon Election". 17 August 1854. p. 1. Retrieved 27 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  43. ^ "Election Intelligence". Morning Post. 17 August 1854. p. 4. Retrieved 27 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  44. ^ "The Elections". Blackburn Standard. 23 August 1854. p. 2. Retrieved 27 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  45. ^ "To the Electors of the Borough of Maldon". Chelmsford Chronicle. 29 April 1859. p. 1. Retrieved 27 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  46. ^ "Electors of Maldon". Essex Herald. 3 February 1874. p. 1. Retrieved 6 January 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  47. ^ a b c d e f g h British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, F. W. S. Craig.
  48. ^ a b c d e f The Liberal Year Book, 1907.
  49. ^ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1886.
  50. ^ a b Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
  51. ^ a b Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
  52. ^ a b Fisher, David R. "Maldon". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 18 April 2020.

Sources

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