Marchwood

Coordinates: 50°53′24″N 1°27′14″W / 50.890°N 1.454°W / 50.890; -1.454
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the village in England. For the Marchwood neighbourhood in the USA, see Lionville, Pennsylvania.

Marchwood
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townSOUTHAMPTON
Postcode districtSO40
Dialling code023
PoliceHampshire and Isle of Wight
FireHampshire and Isle of Wight
AmbulanceSouth Central
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Hampshire
50°53′24″N 1°27′14″W / 50.890°N 1.454°W / 50.890; -1.454
St. John's church, Marchwood
Marchwood military port in 2004 viewed from Southampton
Marchwood incinerator dome

Marchwood is a village and

2011 census was 6,141.[1]

History

Marchwood has seen human activity since

Roman road from the Calshot/Lepe area passed through here on its way to Nursling (Onna as it was called).[3] Roman coins have been found at Bury Farm.[3]

The name "Marchwood" is most probably from the Old English "merecewudu" meaning "smallage wood" ("smallage" is a term for wild celery).[4] It is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as "Merceode", when the manor was held by Alwin, whose father Wulfgeat held the manor before 1066.[5]

The manor of Marchwood eventually became known as Marchwood Romsey.[6] John de Romsey held the vill of Marchwood in 1316. He was succeeded by Sir Walter Romsey of Rockbourne, who died in 1403–4 holding land in Marchwood.[6] The manor then passed in the same way as the manor of Romsey Horseys, until the death of Thomas Horsey in 1477.[6]

John Romsey of Tatchbury died in 1494 holding the manor from John Horsey, as did his son, another John Romsey who died in 1503.[6] His son William Romsey sold the manor to Henry White. The manor passed from Robert White to his son William in 1564–5.[6] In 1587 William White sold the manor to Nicholas Venables. William Rickman died in possession of the manor in 1599, leaving his daughter Katherine wife of David Urry his heir.[6] A hundred years later, David Urry, described as of St. James, Westminster, sold the manor to Gilbert Serle of Leghorn, and it subsequently passed to Sir William Oglander. The manor afterwards passed into the Saunders family.[6]

One other manor close to Marchwood was called Bury (also Newton Bury). It occurs in a deed of the 13th century as the "manor of Eling called Burylond." In the 16th century it was absorbed into Colbury manor, and it is now represented by Bury Farm just north of Marchwood.

Marchwood was at one time in the parish of

ecclesiastical parish in 1843, and a civil parish in 1894.[6] The church was built and endowed by Horatio Francis Kingsford Holloway in 1843.[6] By the beginning of the 20th century, there were Government gunpowder magazines and a Metropolitan Police barracks in Marchwood.[6]

Marchwood Military Port was built here during World War II, which played a vital role in the Normandy landings.[7] The Royal Navy Ordnance Depot was where the famous Mulberry harbours were made.[3] The port continues to service Britain's overseas military interests.[7]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1086 EST12—    
1841158+1216.7%
18511,123+610.8%
1881791−29.6%
1891695−12.1%
1901611−12.1%
1911620+1.5%
1921767+23.7%
1931843+9.9%
19511,636+94.1%
19611,767+8.0%
19914,908+177.8%
20015,586+13.8%
20116,141+9.9%
"1086 estimate from
UK census
data."

Industry

Despite being a village, Marchwood is the home of a

privatisation, Marchwood was home to one of the three principal research facilities of the Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB), concentrating on heavy plant – the other facilities were at Leatherhead and at Berkeley
.

Education

Marchwood has two schools, an

Totton and Hythe
.

Transport

Road

Marchwood is most easily accessed by road via the

A326 road (Marchwood Bypass) which runs from the M27 motorway, past Totton, Marchwood and Hythe, as far as the village of Holbury. This then lets down the Access roads of Jacobs Gutter Lane, Staplewood Drive and Twiggs Lane. The main point of access from the south (towards Hythe
) is Hythe Road. Bluestar operates one daytime bus route through Marchwood every hour Monday to Saturday. The 8 service goes to Southampton via Totton in one direction and to Hythe and Calshot in the other. There is limited public transport from the village in the evenings.

Marchwood railway station and level crossing gates, c.1996.

Rail

Beeching Axe on 14 February 1966 and has remained closed since.[9] Freight trains still operate on the line and a set of manual level crossing gates are still used on Main Road. Hampshire County Council have agreed to fund a study into reopening the Waterside line between Totton and Hythe, with a stop at Marchwood.[10]

Religious sites

Marchwood has four Christian churches. The Parish Church of St. John's; The Gospel Church; New Forest Community Church; and Fijian church, which meets in the army estate, mainly for those from Fiji posted in the military houses and barracks. The churches are active in the community: The New Forest Community Church run a local coffee shop in the village centre, the "sweet soul cafe"; The Gospel Church runs a Friday afternoon cafe "refreshers", ladies' and men's social groups, and various youth and children's clubs, meeting on Sundays at 10.30am at the Infant school; and the Parish church has strong links with the local schools.

Sport

Marchwood is home to Staplewood Training Ground the training facilities of Southampton F.C. There is also Lloyds recreation ground which is home to a host of football clubs, as well as two tennis courts.

Twin settlements

References

  1. ^ a b "Marchwood - UK Census Data 2011".
  2. ^ "Civil Parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Hampshire Treasures, Volume 5 (New Forest), Page 215 – Marchwood". Archived from the original on 9 June 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
  4. ^ "Marchwood, Old Hampshire Gazetteer". Archived from the original on 4 April 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
  5. ^ Domesday Map – Marchwood
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Victoria County History, (1912), A History of the County of Hampshire: Volume 5, Eling
  7. ^ a b "Marchwood: An unknown hero", BBC News, 16 April 1999
  8. ^ Marchwood Power Limited
  9. ^ "Disused Stations". Subterranea Britannica.
  10. ^ Daily Echo: Move to reopen former rail line

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Marchwood.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marchwood&oldid=1162485593"